Composting Impacts on Soil Properties and Productivity in a Fluvio-marine Deposit Paddy Field

하해혼성 평야지 논토양의 부산물퇴비 시용효과

  • 양창휴 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 김병수 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 류철현 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 박우균 (농업과학기술원) ;
  • 유영석 (전북농업기술원 숙근약초시험장) ;
  • 김재덕 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소) ;
  • 정광용 (작물과학원 호남농업연구소)
  • Received : 2007.05.27
  • Accepted : 2007.06.15
  • Published : 2007.06.30

Abstract

Objective of this research was to identify by-product composting impacts on paddy soil properties and rice yield. Research was conducted in Iksan (soil was identified as a Jeonbug series) located in Honam plain area from 2001 to 2004. Composts, such as cow manure sawdust compost(CMSC), Chicken manure sawdust compost(ChMSC) and Pig manure sawdust compost(PMSC) were treated in the reseach plots for every, 2, and 3 year term. Some physical properties, such as, soil hardness, and bulk density tended to decrease with application of compost and decreased in order of CMSC, ChMSC, and PMSC, while surface soil depth and porosity were increased in order of CMSC, PMSC, and ChMSC. Some chemical soil properties, such as organic matter, available phosphorus, available silicate, and exchangeable cations were increased with application of compost and every year application plots. Nitrogen uptake was higher in order of CMSC, ChMSC, SF, and PMSC. Nitrogen use efficiency was higher in order of CMSC, ChMSC, SF, and PMSC. Rice yields was increased in all application plot of CMSC, in every other year application plot ChMSC and PMSC compared with SF($5.07Mg\;ha^{-1}$). Also average rice yield on years were increased in all application plot of CMSC and in every other year application plot ChMSC, while decreased in all application plot of PMSC compared with SF($5.27Mg\;ha^{-1}$). Head rice ratio and perfect grain ratio on hulled rice was high in all application plot of PMSC and in every year, in every other year app lication plot of ChMSC while its lowered percentage of 10~13 caused by application of CMSC compared with SF.

본 시험은 벼 재배시 부산물퇴비에 의한 지력증진 및 화학비료 대체효과를 검토하고자 4년 동안 표준시비(대조구)와 부산물퇴비 3종 즉 우분톱밥퇴비, 돈분톱밥퇴비, 계분톱밥퇴비를 매년, 격년, 2년 후, 3년 후 시용하여 호남농업연구소 벼 재배 포장인 전북통에서 실시한 결과 다음과 같다. 작토심은 표준시비(화학비료)에 비해 모든 부산물퇴비 시용으로 깊어졌으며, 우분퇴비>돈분퇴비>계분퇴비 순이었다. 토양경도와 용적밀도는 표준시비에 비하여 낮아졌고, 특히 우분퇴비 3년 후 시용 및 매년 시용구에서 크게 낮아졌다. 토양pH, 토양유기물 유효인산 및 규산, 치환성 양이온 함량은 표준시비에 비하여 부산물퇴비 시용구에서 대체로 높아지는 결과를 보였으며, 특히 양이온치환용량은 우분퇴비 매년 시용구, 돈분퇴비 2년 후 시용구, 계분퇴비 격년 시용구에서 높아졌다. 염기포화도는 우분퇴비, 돈분퇴비는 3년 후 시용구, 계분퇴비는 매년 시용구에서 높게 나타났다. 총 질소흡수량 및 질소이용율은 우분퇴비, 계분퇴비, 표준시비, 돈분퇴비 순으로 많았으며 높았다. 쌀 수량은 표준시비($5.07Mg\;ha^{-1}$)에 비하여 우분퇴비 모든 시용구 및 돈분 계분퇴비 격년 시용구에서 높았으며, 완전미비율과 현미 중 완전립비율은 돈분퇴비 모든 시용구 및 계분퇴비 매년 격년 시용구에서 높았고, 우분퇴비 시용으로 표준시비에 비하여 10~13% 정도 낮아졌다.

Keywords

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