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Change in Yield and Quality Characteristics of Rice by Flooding during the Ripening Stage

벼 등숙기 침관수 피해에 따른 수량 및 품질 특성 변화

  • 이현석 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 황운하 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 정재혁 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 안승현 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 백정선 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 정한용 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 박홍규 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 구본일 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 윤종탁 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 이건휘 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과) ;
  • 최경진 (농촌진흥청 국립식량과학원 작물재배생리과)
  • Received : 2017.02.17
  • Accepted : 2017.05.10
  • Published : 2017.06.30

Abstract

The increase in the frequency of occurrence of abnormal weather could include severe rainfall, which could cause rice submergence during the ripening stage. This experiment was conducted to clarify the effects of submergence during the ripening period on yield and quality of rice. The flooding treatment was conducted at 7 and 14 days after heading. Flooding conditions were created with two conditions, flag leaf exposed and overhead flooding, and each condition was divided into two conditions according to water quality-clear and muddy. Although the yield decrease was more severe at 7 days after heading because of the decrease in the ripening ratio, the head rice ratio was more affected at 14 days after heading because of the increase in the chalky kernel ratio. The maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm), which indicates the photosynthetic efficiency, did not differ before and after the flooding treatment until flooding continued for 4 days. In addition, stem elongation occurred because of flooding as an avoidance mechanism in japonica rice. This phenomenon was expected to decrease the supply of assimilation products to the spikelet (sink). Overall, it was suggested that additional experiments should be conducted examining the change in the starch synthesis mechanism and transfer of assimilate products resulting from submergence, for development of cultivation techniques corresponding to submergence and breeding of varieties with submergence tolerance characteristics.

벼 등숙시기 및 침관수 조건별 피해에 따른 생육 및 수량, 품질특성에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 등숙기 침관수 피해에 따른 수량감소의 요인중 가장 영향이 컸던 요인은 등숙률 이었고, 등숙률은 호숙기(출수 후 14일)대비 유숙기(출수 후 7일)의 감소정도가 컸으며, 침수 조건별로는 탁수이면서 수중에 완전히 잠긴 관수 조건에서 침수기간이 길어질수록 피해가 심하였다. 2. 완전미율은 유숙기(출수 후 7일) 대비 호숙기(출수 후 14일)처리에서 감소정도가 컸으며, 이는 등숙 시기별 전분 합성 단계의 차이에 의한 것으로 생각된다. 3. 침관수 처리 전, 후의 광합성효율을 나타내는 최대양자수율(Fv/Fm)값은 침관수 처리에 따른 큰 변화가 없었으며, 이를 통해 등숙기에 4일 정도의 침관수 처리는 벼의 본체의 동화산물 생산능력 자체에는 큰 영향을 주지 못하였을 것으로 사료된다. 4. 자포니카 벼의 침관수 회피기작에 따라 침수 처리 시 처리별로 간장신장 반응을 보였으며, 이로 인한 이삭으로의 동화산물 공급저하는 출수 후 7일에는 등숙률의 감소, 출수 후 14일에는 완전미율 감소에 더 큰 영향을 주었을 것으로 생각된다. 5. 침관수 피해가 심한 처리구 일수록 수확기 엽색이 무처리 대비 푸른 상태를 유지하였는데, 이는 침관수 피해에 따른 이삭 낟알의 발육정지로 동화산물의 수요부(sink)가 제한되었기 때문으로 보인다.

Keywords

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