• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.7
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• pp.1120-1126
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• 2007

An iron-fortified whey protein concentrate (Fe-WPC) was prepared by addition of ferric chloride to concentrated whey. A large part of the iron in the Fe-WPC existed as complexes with proteins such as ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin. The bioavailability of iron from Fe-WPC was evaluated using iron-deficient rats, in comparison with heme iron. Rats were separated into a control group and an iron-deficiency group. Rats in the control group were given the standard diet containing ferrous sulfate as the source of iron throughout the experimental feeding period. Rats in the iron-deficiency group were made anemic by feeding on an Fe-deficient diet without any added iron for 3 wk. After the iron-deficiency period, the iron-deficiency group was separated into an Fe-WPC group and a heme iron group fed Fe-WPC and hemin as the sole source of iron, respectively. The hemoglobin content, iron content in liver, hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) and apparent iron absorption rate were examined when iron-deficient rats were fed either Fe-WPC or hemin as the sole source of iron for 20 d. Hemoglobin content was significantly higher in the rats fed the Fe-WPC diet than in rats fed the hemin diet. HRE in rats fed the Fe-WPC diet was significantly higher than in rats fed the hemin diet. The apparent iron absorption rate in rats fed the Fe-WPC diet tended to be higher than in rats fed the hemin diet (p = 0.054). The solubility of iron in the small intestine of rats at 2.5 h after ingestion of the Fe-WPC diet was approximately twice that of rats fed the hemin diet. These results indicated that the iron bioavailability of Fe-WPC was higher than that of hemin, which seemed due, in part, to the different iron solubility in the intestine.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.239-244
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• 2000

The cats gene encodes the major catalase in Sreptomyces coelicolor, whose production increases upon H$_2$O$_2$treatment. Besides the previously identified primary promoter (catApl), a minor promoter (catAp2) was newly assigned by S1 nuclease mapping. The catAp2 transcript was observed transiently upon entry into the stationary phase in liquid culture and upon differentiation on solid plates, whereas the level of catApl transcription did not chance significantly during this growth transition. ThecatApl promoter was transcribed by the major vegetative RNA polymerase holoenzyme containing $\sigma$$\^$HrdB/, whereas the catAp2 was transcribed in vitro by the holoenzyme containing $\sigma$$\^$R/ that is activated under oxidative conditions. The cia-element regulating the H$_2$O$_2$-inducibility of catApl was identified within the 23 bp inverted repeat sequence located between -65 and -43 of the catApl promoter. We roamed this sequence HRE (H$_2$O$_2$-responsive Element). The distal half of the inverted repeat was more crucial for H$_2$O$_2$-dependent induction of the catApl transcript than the proximal half. HRE most likely serves as a binding site for the H$_2$O$_2$-responsive repressor CatR.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.421-429
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of intestinal bacteria on the growth of enteric bacteria, especially infectious harmful bacteria such as food poisoning, gastritis and enteritis, and the growth of beneficial bacteria. By dividing the rat into three test groups; normal control group, Loperamide-treated group, and supercritical heat-treated radish complex extracts(HRE)-treated group, animal experiments were performed to inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria without affecting the growth of beneficial bacteria in the intestine. It was found that it can be usefully used as an effective and safe health food composition for improving intestinal function and bacterial intestinal disease. In particular, it can be concluded that supercritical heat-treated radish complex extract is a safe food that does not show any side effects even when taken for a long time.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.161-166
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• 2022

HIF-2α is a transcription factor activated mainly in hypoxic condition known to play crucial roles in a wide variety of pathophysiological events including cancer, metabolic syndrome, arthritis etc. In this context, a number of N'-aryl isonicotinolyhydrazides, in which known pharmacophores are included, have been selected from commercial chemical library and tested for the inhibitory activities targeting HIF-2α in cultured HTB94 cell. HRE-luciferase and HIF-2α were introduced into the cell by transfection and adenoviri infection, respectively and the reporter gene assay discovered the potency of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthyl structure. Accordingly, the scaffold has been adjusted based on this structure and subjected to anti-HIF-2α activity test, identifying 2 compounds as HIF-2α inhibitors. The activities were confirmed by false positive test. This study has been performed via the convergence of biology and chemistry and the results may be useful for discovering novel inhibitors and HIF-2α biology studies, and contribute to the development of therapeutic agents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.415-418
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• 2006

하이브리드 추진제는 연소 중 연료의 후퇴율 및 연소 면적의 변화로 인해 O/F비가 변화하므로 이로 인해 설계 및 해석에 어려움을 가지게 된다. 본 연구에서는 요구임무를 만족하는 하이브리드 로켓모터에 대한 설계를 수행하였다. 하이브리드 모터의 기초 설계를 실시하고 그 결과를 이용하여, 일정한 산화제 유량이 공급된다는 가정 하에, 연소 시 연소면적변화에 따른 O/F비 변화를 고려한 하이브리드 모터의 내탄도 해석을 실시하였으며, 그 결과를 이용하여 로켓의 외탄도 해석을 실시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.248-251
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• 2007

The blowdown oxidizer feeding system is effective in the respect of higher reliability by the small number of parts and the absence of additional pressurization tanks, but it also has the unfavorable disadvantage such as thrust variation during the operation. Thus, in order to understand the these performance characteristics inherent in the Hybrid Rocket Motor (HRM) with blowdown oxidizer feeding system, this study proposed the integrated mathematical model to describe physical phenomena in the following parts: the oxidizer tank, combustion chamber, fuel grain, nozzle and injector.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.503-508
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• 1998

Background: Tuberculous cervical lymphadenitis is one of the common causes of cervical mass in adult (especially in woman) in korea. Sometimes it appears to be difficult in defining the role of surgery and duration of antituberculous chemotherapy. Method: To clarify the proper duration and/or combination of regimens, we analyzed the clinical data of 31 patient with cervical lymphadenitis diagnosed at Chungnam National University Hospital from March 1996 to December 1996 and all patients were prospectively randomized into two groups(2HREZ/4HRE and 6HREZ) by treatment method. Result: Prevalent age, male to female ratio, association with pulmonary tuberculosis and history of previous antituberculous medication were not statistically different between two groups. The average size of the largest lymph node before teatment was $2.43{\pm}0.98cm$ and $3.15{\pm}1.74cm$, respectively and was 0.63cm and 0.6cm after treatment, respectively. In both groups, 2 patients have engrowing node or not changed node during tratment and no recurrence was found during follow up period upto 12 months. In both groups, no significant side reaction resulting in discotinuation or changing the regimens was noticed. Conclusion: Short course antituberculosis therapy(2HREZ/4HRE) could be recommanded as effective standard therapy for superficial lymph node tuberculosis. Longterm follow up at least 36 months to observe recurrence might be needed to confirm this conclusion.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.66-71
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• 2016

Delphinidin is a blue-red pigment and one of the major anthocyanins in plants. It plays an important role in anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-cancer properties. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of delphinidin on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene expression, an important factor involved in angiogenesis and tumor progression in human prostate cancer. Delphinidin decreased levels of epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced VEGF mRNA expression in PC-3M cells. The expression of the EGF-induced hypoxia inducible factor-$1{\alpha}$ (HIF-$1{\alpha}$) and signaling transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) proteins, which are the major transcription factors for VEGF, were inhibited by delphinidin. In addition, delphinidin decreases HRE-promoter reporter gene activity, suggesting that delphinidin can suppress the transcription of HIF-$1{\alpha}$ under EGF induction, leading to a decrease in the expression of VEGF. Delphinidin specifically suppressed the phosphorylation of Akt, p70S6K, and 4EBP1, but not the phosphorylation of EGFR. Therefore, our results suggest that delphinidin may inhibit human prostate cancer progression and angiogenesis by inhibiting HIF-$1{\alpha}$, STAT3 and VEGF gene expression.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.134-141
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• 2004

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and a typical hypervascular tumor. Therefore, it is important to find factors related to angiogenesis in the process of HCC malignancy. In order to find angiogenesis-related factors in HCC, we used combined methods of in silico prediction and an experimental assay. We analyzed 1457 genes extracted from cDNA microarray of HCC patients by text-mining, sequence similarity search and domain analysis. As a result, we predicted that 16 genes were likely to be involved in angiogenesis and then the effects of these genes were confirmed by hypoxia response element(HRE)-luciferase assay. For instant, we classified osteopontin into a potent angiogenic factor and coagulation factor XII into a significant anti­angiogenic factor. Collectively, we suggest that using a combination of in silico prediction and experimental approaches, we can identify HCC-specific angiogenesis­related factors effectively and rapidly.

• Journal of Korea Foundry Society
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2017

The microstructure, electrical conductivity and hardness variation of an AZ91-5wt%Sn Mg alloy sample during a solid-solution and aging heat treatment were instigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and by Rockwell hardness techniques in this study. The XRD result shows that the main phases in the as-casted alloy are ${\alpha}$-Mg, $Mg_{17}Al_{12}$ and $Mg_2Sn$. From the SEM images of the AZ91-5wt%Sn Mg alloy after the solution treatment, the $Mg_{17}Al_{12}$ phases in the alloy were found to have dissolved into the matrix with an increase in the holding time during the solution treatment, but $Mg_2Sn$ phases were clearly observable. The highest peak hardness of the AZ91-5wt%Sn Mg alloy is 82HRE at an aging temperature of $200^{\circ}C$.