• 생명과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2005

동충하초 Paecilomyces tenuipes C240의 균사체 배양과정에서 균사체 성장, 세포외 다당체 생산, 기질감소 속도를 표현할 수 있는 동력학적 모델을 제시하였다. 균사체 성장은 Logistic식을, 세포외 다당체 생산은 Luedeking-Piret 식을, 기질소모는 Luedeking-Piret 유사식을 각각 적용함으로써, 전체 균사체 배양과정을 예측할 수 있었다. 모델식에서 사용된 주요 kineti, constant들은 다음과 같다: 균사체의 최대 비성장속도${\mu}m,\;0.7281\;h^{-1};$; 다당체 생산에서의 growth-associated constant $(\alpha),\;0.1743g(g\;cells)^{-1}$; non-growth-associated constant $(\beta),\;0.0019g(g\;cells)^{-1}\;;$ maintenance coefficient ($(m_s),\;0.0572g\;(g\;cells)^{-1}$·5L 발효조에서 얻은 균사체 성장, 세포외 다당체 생산, 기질감소 속도자료들을 모델에서 예측한 결과와 비교한 결과 서로 잘 일치하는 것으로 보아, 본 연구에서 제안된 모델식은 이 동충하초 균사체 배양공정의 scale-up등의 프로세스 설계에 응용가능 할 것이며, 다른 종류의 동충하초 균사체 배양공정에도 적용가능 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.551-561
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 GEC-Marconi 사의 H40 GaAs pHEMT 소자에 대해서 새롭게 수정한 Curtice 모델을 사용하여 대신호 통합모델을 구축하였다. 통합모델에는 DC 특성과 biss에 따른 소신호 및 잡음 특성이 모두 포함되어 있으며, 특히 수정되 Curtice 모델을 사용함으로써 gate-source 간의 전압이 증가함에 따라 나타나는 pHEMT 의 transconductance(이하 $g_{m}$) 특성을 매우 간단하면서도 물리적으로 설명할 수 있게 하였다. 또한 통합모델 내부에는 RF-choke를 사용함으로써 $g_{m}$, $R_{ds}$ 성분의 DC 상태와 AC 상태에서의 차이를 설명하게 하였다. 통합모델을 HP사의 simulation tool 인 MDS(Microwave Design System)의 SDD(Symbolically Defined Device)를 이용하여 구현한 후, 실제의 data와 비교한 결과 DC, small signal, 그리고 noise 에 대한 특성에 H40 pHEMT 와 대부분 일치함을 보았으며, 선형과 다양한 harmonic balance simulation 의 수렴성 및 정확성을 확인함으로써 본 모델을 이용한 경우 저잡음 증폭기, 발진기, 그리고 혼합기 등의 여러 부품설계를 할 수 있음을 보였다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.186-196
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• 2020

Pillared clays with Zr and Fe/Cu/Zr polycations have been prepared from natural clays found in large deposits of Kazakhstan and assessed as catalysts for the catalytic wet peroxide oxidation (CWPO), using 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) as model compound. The performance of the catalysts was followed by measuring the concentration of 4-NP, H₂O₂ and the total organic carbon (TOC), considering C_4-NP = 5 g L^-1, $C_{H_2O_2}$ = 17.8 g L^-1, C_cat = 2.5 g L^-1, initial pH = 3.0 and T = 50℃. At those selected conditions, the pillared clays showed higher activity than natural clays in the CWPO of 4-NP. The conversion of the model pollutant was complete when Fe/Cu/Zr-PILCs were used, with the TOC removal reaching 78.4% after 24 h with the best Fe/Cu/Zr-PILC. The H₂O₂, 4-NP and TOC time-evolution was well described by a kinetic model based on TOC lumps in three blocks, considering the initial TOC (corresponding to 4-NP), the production of oxidizable intermediates and the formation of refractory products.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.291-299
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• 1997

In order to establish optimal dosage schedules and withdrawal times for sulfamethazine(SMZ) in pigs, pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution experiments were conducted in pigs. For comparative purposes, tissue depletion kinetics are also studied in rats. From three pigs administered with SMZ i.v., the pharmacokinetic profile of SMZ in two pigs was adequately described by a one-compartment open model whereas that in one pig was patterned after a two-compartment open model. Volume of distribution(Vd) was 0.48~0.57 L/kg and biological half-life($t_{1/2}$) was 11.8-16.8 h. From three pigs dosed with SMZ p.o., pharmacokinetic profile was explainable with a one-compartment open model. Time to reach maximum SMZ concentration in serum (Tmax) was 2.8 h, 3.2 h and 7.5 h. Elimination half-life was 2.8-7.5 h. The descending order in concentration of SMZ was plsama > kidney > liver > lung > heart > pancreas > spleen > duodenum > ileum > brain > adipsoe tissue from three pigs sacrificed at 5h, 29h and 54h after the administration of SMZ, p.o.. The protein binding of SMZ in pigs was 55.2%($2.5{\mu}g/ml$), 71.5% ($5{\mu}g/kg$) and 71.5%($10{\mu}g/ml$). The mean systemic bioavailability (F) of SMZ p.o. was 49.1 %. Meanwhile the pharmacokinetic profile of SMZ in rats was adequately described by a one-compartment open model. Absorption of SMZ p.o. in the rat was very rapid. In conclusion, the oral optimal dosage regimen of SMZ for pigs was the initial dose of 45.7 mg/kg followed by the maintenance dose of 30.2 mg/kg for high specific pathogens to SMZ. The time to reach below the stipulated residual allowable concentration (0.1 ppm) was calculated 93 h after oral administration of 200 mg/kg recommended by manufactureres.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.221-227
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• 2010

Oxolinic acid를 사육수온($13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$, $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$)에 따라서 조피볼락(평균체중 500 g)에 60 mg/kg의 농도로 1회 경구 투여한 다음, 경시적인 혈청내 잔류농도를 분석하였다. $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$의 경우 투여 후 30시간째($0.60{\mu}g/ml$)에 최대혈중농도에 도달하였다. $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$의 경우 투여 후 10시간째($2.22{\mu}g/ml$) 최대혈중농도에 도달하였다. OA의 조피볼락 혈중내 흡수양상과 소실정도는 사육수온에 크게 영향을 받았다. Two-compartment model로 해석하여 WinNonlin program을 이용, 약물동태학적 매개변수(parameter)를 조사하였다. $23{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$의 경우, 혈장농도－시간곡선하 면적(AUC)은 $42.16{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$, 혈중최고농도의 도달시간(Tmax)은 26.13 h, 혈중최고농도(Cmax)는 $0.43{\mu}g/ml$, 예상약물소실시간(Et)은 230시간으로 계산되었다. $13{\pm}1.5^{\circ}C$의 경우, AUC는 $131.98{\mu}g{\cdot}h/ml$, Tmax는 8.81 h, Cmax는 $2.04{\mu}g/ml$, Et는 492시간으로 계산되었다.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2004

This work developed and algorithm for a set covering model when the reliability of covers is a concern. This model extended the usage of the set covering model.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.69.1-69.1
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• 2010

IC 443 is famous for its interaction with nearby molecular clouds and intense H2 emission lines in infrared. Therefore, it has been studied extensively for the understanding of molecular shocks. We observed H2 mission lines toward the shock-cloud interaction regions of IC 443, known as clumps B, C, and G. The observations were performed with the InfraRed Camera (IRC) onboard a satellite AKARI over 2.5-5.0 um, where previous space observations, e.g. Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) and Spitzer, do not cover. Our AKARI observations provide spectra of sequential pure-rotational and ro-vibrational H2 emission lines. For the clumps C and G, combining with previous mid-infrared observational results, we found that the H2 level populations show a significant separation between v=0 and v=1 levels; v=1 levels are under-populated than v=0 levels, therefore, the population cannot be described by two temperature LTE model, as many people have analyzed for the shocked H2 gas. We also applied the thermal admixture model, dN(H2; T)~T^(-b) dT, with varying ortho-to-para ratios according to the temperature, to describe the level population, and obtained plausible ranges of the H2 gas density and power-law index b.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.805-813
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• 2012

The removal property of Cu and Zn ions by chemical precipitation and adsorption using zeolite(Z-C1) prepared from coal fly ash(CFA) were evaluated in this study. Adsorption kinetic and equilibrium mechanisms described to analyze parameters and correlation factors with Lagergen $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ order model and Langmuir and Freundlich model. Analysis of adsorption kinetics data revealed that the pseudo $2^{nd}$ order kinetics mechanism was predominant. The equilibrium data in pH 3 - 5 were able to be fitted well to a Langmuir model, by which the maximum adsorption capacities($q_{max}$) were determined at 124.9 - 140.1 mg $Cu^{2+}/g$ and 153.2 - 166.9 mg $Zn^{2+}/g$, respectively. We found that Z-C1 has a potential application as absorbents in metal ion recovery with low pH.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2013년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1323-1324
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• 2013

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2017

Biotic ligand model (BLM) and species sensitivity distribution (SSD) were used to determine the site-specific Cu threshold concentration (5% hazardous concentration; HC5) in soil pore water. Model parameters for Cu-BLM were collected for six plants, one collembola, and two earthworms from published literatures. Half maximal effective concentration ($EC_{50}\{Cu^{2+}\}$), expressed as $Cu^{2+}$ activity, was calculated based on activities of major cations and the collected Cu-BLM parameters. The $EC_{50}\{Cu^{2+}\}$ varied from 2 nM to $251{\mu}M$ according to the variation in environmental factors of soil pore water (pH, major cation/anion concentrations) and the type of species. Hazardous activity for 5% (HA5) and HC5 calculated from SSD varied from 0.076 to $0.4{\mu}g/L$ and 0.4 to $83.4{\mu}g/L$, respectively. HA5 and HC5 significantly decreased with the increase in pH in the region with pH less than 7 due to the decrease in competition with $H^+$ and $Cu^{2+}$. In the region with pH more than 7, HC5 increased with the increase in pH due to the formation of complexes of Cu with inorganic ligands. In the presence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), Cu and DOC form a complex, which decreases $Cu^{2+}$ activity in soil pore water, resulting in up to 292-fold increase in HC5 from 0.48 to $140{\mu}g/L$.