• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2012

To evaluate the algicidal impact of a newly developed algicide thiazolidinedione derivative, TD49, on dinophyceae Akashiwo sanguinea in aquatic ecosystems, tentative culture experiments for the target species were conducted in small (SS), middle (MS), and large scale (LS) culture vessels. When TD49 was introduced at the final concentration of $2{\mu}M$ in SS and MS, as well as $1{\mu}M$ in LS, the abundance of A. sanguinea decreased significantly in all the treatments. On the other hand, total phytoplankton abundance, except A. sanguinea in the TD49 treatments, gradually increased with culture time, which implies that a cell destruction of A. sanguinea by TD49 is a major cause of the population growth by other phytoplankton species. Also, A. sanguinea was easily destroyed, which was likely to be a source of extracellular substances. In particular, a pH decrease was significant in the treatments than in the control, which indicates that the water in the treatments has been acidified, due to an increase in the heterotrophic metabolisms of bacteria and degradation of A. sanguinea cells. Our results indicate that the TD49 substance is the potential agents for the control of A. sanguinea in the enclosed and eutrophic water bodies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2006

This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol acetate (AT), a commercial supplement containing tocopherols, in commercial broilers. Three hundred and thirty Ross broiler chicks (4-d old) were randomly distributed and allotted to five dietary treatments for six weeks. Each treatment comprised 3 pens as replicates containing 22 chicks per pen. The five dietary treatments were: 0 mg/kg AT (negative control); 10 mg/kg AT; 50 mg/kg AT; 100 mg/kg AT; and 200 mg/kg AT; respectively, supplied totally by the supplement under study. Supplementation of AT improved weight gain significantly (p<0.05), with higher values in the 100 and 200 mg/kg AT fed group than the control during all phases of study, but feed intake remained unaffected. The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 15 and 35 days of experimental feeding showed significantly higher digestibility of CP, ether extract and gross energy, in these two groups over the control diet. Carcass traits like dressing percentage and the color of the breast meat did not differ significantly due to treatments, but significantly (p = 0.0152) lower abdominal fat percent was noted in the 200 mg/kg fed group. Higher (p = 0.0003) tibia bone strength was noticed in groups fed diets above 50 mg/kg AT because of higher bone mineral content. The serum levels of tocopherols were not influenced but the muscle tocopherols content showed a positive linear trend with the dietary levels supplemented. The thio-barbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in meat also suggested that supplemental AT has a protective role in rancidity. Overall, it could be concluded that AT supplementation at higher levels was found beneficial for growth and increased chicken meat quality.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2000

천마와 뽕나무버섯균 균사속과의 공생관계 규명을 위한 광학 및 전자현미경을 이용한 조직학적 연구를 수행한 결과 천마에 의해서 유도된 뽕나무버섯균의 균사속이 천마와 접촉하면 뽕나무버섯균 균사속의 침입에 의해 천마의 표피층은 심한 손상을 받게되며, 뽕나무버섯균의 균사속이 cortex층에 침입하여 내생균근을 형성하였다. 천마의 cortex층에 존재하는 내생균근으로부터 균사들이 각 피층세포에 침투해 들어간 균사속은 시간이 경과할 수록 균사결속이 상당히 와해되어지며, 균사속으로 부터 피층세포에 세포벽을 뚫고 세포 안으로 들어온 균사들은 천마에 의해 용해 분해 소화되어 뽕나무버섯 균사는 결국 천마의 영양원이 됨을 확인하였다. 또한 뽕나무버섯균의 침식을 받은 cortical cell에서 세포 및 핵이 비감염 부위보다 $1.5{\sim}2$배 가량 커짐을 확인 할 수 있다.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.197-206
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• 2009

천연보존제는 주로 식물에서 추출된 항균물질로 만들어지며 부패되기 쉬운 식품의 보존제나 천연화장품, 약품등에 주로 사용되고 있다. 본 연구는 현재 천연화장품의 보존제로 개발되어진 천연보존제를 직물에 처리하여 이것이 섬유문화재 보존에 적용이 가능한지를 탐색하고 평가하는데 그 목적이 있다. 따라서 천연보존제로 처리한 직물의 특성을 알아보고자 천연보존제 1%로 처리한 면직물과 견직물에 대해 실험한 결과 색 및 인장강도의 변화가 극히 미약하고 중성에 가까운 pH를 나타내었으며 우수한 항균성과 항곰팡이성을 가지는 것으로 나타났고 견직물에 피해를 주는 Bacillus cereus에 대해서도 우수한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 또한 섬유문화재에 적용시키기 위한 예비실험으로 출토직물 편을 천연보존제 1%로 처리한 직물로 싸서 72시간 보관한 후 출토직물편의 미생물 실험결과 미생물의 증식이 확연히 준것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 1989

식물체에 함유된 잡초종자발아 억제 물질을 검색하기 위해 그 생물검정법에 대한 몇가지 기초조사와 더불어, 확립된 검정법에 의해 45종의 식물체의 MeOH 추출액에 대해 생물활성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 생물검정에 사용될 수 있는 아세톤과 MeOH의 허용도는 각각 1% 이하 및 0.1% 이하였으며 유화제로써 Triton X-100은 공시종자에 대해 100ppm의 농도에서도 비교적 약해가 심하였으나, Tween 20은 500ppm의 농도까지 별다른 영향이 없었다. 2. 본 실험에서 식물체의 추출액을 대상으로, 그 발아억제 활성을 비교, 검색할 경우 가장 적절한 검정농도는 5,000ppm(0.5%)이었다. 3. 45종의 시료 식물체 중 공시잡초종자에 대해 가장 강력한 발아억제활성을 나타낸 것은 둥근잎가정큰나무와 독일가문비의 MeOH 추출액이었으며, 이들은 모두 5,000ppm의 농도에서 공시종자에 대해 60% 이상의 발아억제 활성을 나타내었고, 특히 쇠비름과 큰달맞이꽃의 종자에 대해서는 90% 이상의 강한 억제활성을 나타내었다. 4. 고들빼기의 MeOH 추출액에서는 공시종자들의 발아 및 생육을 촉진시키는 호르몬 유사 물질의 존재가 강력히 시사되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.762-772
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• 2016

Purpose: Adolescence is a critical period for growth and development; hence, knowledge about good food habits is essential amongst children. This study was conducted to investigate prevalence of awareness among food sellers, which could probably influence children's health and perceptions on food around schools towards adulterated food management beliefs, competencies, and food safety practices. Methods: Data was collected from 195 dealers around 25 elementary, middle and high schools in Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces using a self-administered questionnaire in July and August, 2015. The data was analyzed using frequency analysis, one-way analysis of variance, $x^2$-test, factor analysis, and reliability analysis by SPSS Statistics (ver. 23.0). Results: A total of 121 people (62.1%) reported satisfaction of providing information and education on adulterated food. The perception of hazardous substances was found to be related to food poisoning bacteria and viruses (65.6%), heavy metals (42.1%), environmental hormones (36.4%), residual pesticides (27.2%), and irradiated food (26.7%). The perceived score on hygiene practices for processed food seller was $4.04{\pm}0.56/5.00$ and for cooked food seller was $4.09{\pm}0.45$. The capacity of adulterated food management practice of food sellers was significantly correlated with food knowledge on adulteration and public relation capacity, necessity of adulterated food management, and perception of hygiene practices (p<0.01). Similarly, knowledge and public relation capacity were significantly different according to ages (p<0.01). The perception of the necessity of adulterated food management was significantly different according to education levels (p<0.05), and the evaluation of hygiene practices was significantly different according to age (p<0.01). Conclusion: In order to solve the problem of adulterated food, which is one of the four social evils, and to strengthen the capacity of children to solve social problems, various practices like campaign on health promotion, goof food habits, education, and adulterated food management, should be actively promoted not only for children but also for food sellers around the schools.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.689-698
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• 2005

Many studies for verifying angiogenesis have been in progress, especially in the field of abnormal vascular proliferation to explain the pathogenesis and to develop a treatment of several diseases. In our previous experiments, endothelial cell proliferations were induced by DMH stimulation in vitro, and the 177 factors(142 up-regulated and 35 down-regulated factors) were identified. Among the up-regulated factors, 9 substances (EFEMP1, CTGF, CYR61, $ITG{\beta}1$, FHL2, SERPINE1, MYC, PTTG1 and MSH6) were selected, which were related to cell proliferation and showed high signal intensities. The RNA was isolated from HUVECs at the time of 0, 6, 12, 24 hours after the DMH treatment, and RNA of control group HUVECs was also isolated. Genetic information of selected molecules was used to make primer for each, and RT-PCR was performed to analyze both groups. In control and treatment groups, each substance presented variety of manifestation degree according to time differences. EFEMP1, CTGF, CYR61, $ITG{\beta}1$, FHL2 and MYC were related to abnormal vascular proliferation steadily and SERPINE1, PTTG1 and MSH6 were related secondarily. CTGF was related to both normal and abnormal proliferation, but it played a more significant role in abnormal proliferation from earlier stage. EFEMP1, CYR61, $ITG{\beta}1$, FHL2 and MYC were similar to CTGF, although the relation appeared lately. Further study should be performed to analyze the expressions and the interactions of growth factors, which could be utilized in the new therapeutic development.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.175-194
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• 1979

The soil organic matter contents in arable land are generally low in Korea. Thus it is generally agreed that the application of organic materials to soils would be much beneficial. Present paper is a review on the effectiveness of organic mat ter application in uplands and lowlands. 1. The effect of organic matter application in uplands are of more clear and simple to explain as compared to that in lowlands. In uplands, appropriate application of organic matters such as compost and various crops residues improves the physical properties of soils leasing to increased water holding capacity, better aeration, and decrease in soil erosion. 2. In lowland, rice soils under water logged conditions the effect of organic matter application on rice yield is not straight borward and demands more refined knowledges for the interpretation of it. 3. It is found that the application of compost in rice soils is more effective when nitrogen fertilizer application is limited it dicating that nitrogen contained in the organic maerials can become available to rice plant and plays an important role for increased yield of rice under the condition where nitrogen fertilizer supply is limited. 4. Application of organic matter does not always bring about the desirable effects. Very often the organic matter application results in more intensive soil reduction leading to the accumulation of harmful substances which would can cancel out the positive effects of organic matter. This is partiunlarly true in poorly drained soils. 5. Rice straw or compost, when applied rice soils, supply sizeable amounts of available silicate to rice plant resulting in yield increase. 6. Although the effectiveness of organic matter application on rice yield in short term experiments is not consistent due to many reasons, the long term effect of organic matter is significant. 7. The term of the $O.M/SiO_2$ ratio in rice soils can serve as a criterion for the judgement of whether organic matter or silicate fertilizer is needed to be applied in a certain soil.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2012

Pueraria lobata is a perennial legume plant, widely distributed in the countries of East Asia. It is a medicinally important leguminous plant and produces various isoflavones such as puerarin, daidzein etc which have potential for preventing several chronic diseases including osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease and cancer. In this study, we tried to induce hairy roots in vitro from Korean wild arrowroot P. lobata and investigated the effects of hormones and light conditions. Initially leaf and stem segments were infected with Agrobacterium rhizogenes and incubated in different conditions. Hairy roots were induced from only stem segments and the induction was best at dark condition and the presence of IBA during incubation. Secondary roots were also significantly much more induced at the dark condition than at the 16 hours light condition. Among plant growth regulators of auxin, IBA was best for secondary root formation while 2,4-D, IAA and NAA produced callus or less hairy roots. The presence of the foreign gene rolC transferred by A. rhizogenes that plays a major role in hairy root induction was confirmed by PCR. The accumulation of isoflavones such as puerarin and daidzin was also confirmed. These results will facilitate mass production of hairy root and can be used for the production of functional substances from wild arrowroots.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.84-92
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• 2008

강원도 양양 지역 산불 피해 소나무 목재의 피해 정도에 따른 해부 및 물리적 특성을 조사하였다. 피해 정도에 따라 수피의 탄화 깊이가 깊어지는 경향이 관찰되었으나 목질부까지 탄화가 진행되지는 않았으며 수지의 삼출정도에 차이를 보였다. 산불 피해목 변재의 생재함수율은 건전재보다 다소 낮게 나타났으나 심재의 경우에는 건전재보다 피해목이 다소 높게 나타났다. 생재밀도는 피해재 심재가 건전재 심재보다 다소 높게 나타났으며, 변재에서는 차이를 보이지 않았다. 형성층대를 관찰한 결과, 산불 피해를 강하게 입은 경우 형성층의 활동이 일어나지 않았고, 비교적 피해를 약하게 입은 경우에는 형성층의 활동이 관찰되었으나 세포분열 속도는 건전재보다 느렸다. 산불 피해를 강하게 입은 목재에서는 에피델리움세포와 방사조직의 세포벽이 짙게 염색되고 세포내에 과립형태의 물질이 관찰되었으며, 최외각 연륜 부위의 결정화도는 산불 피해재가 건전재보다 다소 높게 나타났다.