• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.26-35
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• 2006

The purpose of this research is to suggest the planting methods and the reasonable target levels of IGS for promoting green streetscape in Seoul. Using the three dimensional computer simulations, various greening methods were applied to evaluate effectiveness of promoting green streetscape. The results of this study suggest that promoting tree planting on car lane is more effective than on pedestrian side walks. In wide streets, the height of tree has positive effects on promoting green streetscape. In both car lane and pedestrian side walks, the greening effects of tree planting both in zig-zag pattern and in parallel pattern were similarly most high. The width of strip in side strip planting has positive effect on promoting green streetscape. Promoting stratified planting is very effective. Promoting greening wall on pedestrian side walks is more effective than on car lane. Combined the results of IGS survey with the public officials and complex simulations, suggest that the optimal levels of IGS is ranging from 12.0% in alleys to 54.0% in car lanes among arterial roads.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.55-71
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to propose an evaluation method to assess green environments of streetscapes to improve urban street green spaces in Jeonju City. Through a rapid assessment of urban street green spaces, we suggest an objective basis for expanding street green space as well as for adopting sustainable maintenance and improvement measures. We choose 12 sections of streetscapes (roads and sidewalks) to investigate existing street conditions which have more than four lanes and function as major road axes. Six large roads and six medium roads of Jeonju City center area are investigated as pilot assessment study sites. Site inventory checklists consist of environmental characteristics of streetscape, street tree status, and planting condition evaluation. Environmental characteristics of streetscapes are composed of physical and neighborhood factors. For instance, items for physical factors are types and width of road/sidewalks, paving materials, tree protection materials, and green strip. And surrounding landuse is a neighborhood factor. Assessment items for street tree status are street plant names (tree/shrubs/ground cover), size, and planting intervals. Planting condition evaluation items are tree shape, damage, canopy density, and planting types with existence of adjacent green space. Evaluation results are classified into three levels such as A(maintain or repair), B(greening enhancement), and C(structural improvement). In case of grade A, streetscapes have enough sidewalk width for maintaining green strip and a multi-layered planting(in large road only) with fairly good growing conditions of street trees. For grade B and C, streetscapes have a moderate level of sidewalk width with a single street tree planting. In addition, street tree growing conditions are appeared poor so that green enhancement or maintenance measures are needed. For median, only grade B and C are found as its planting growing foundations are very limited in space. As a result, acquiring enough sidewalk space is essential to enhance ecological quality of urban street green. Especially, it is necessary to have green strip with reasonable widths for plant growing conditions in sidewalks. In addition, we need to consider native species with multi-layer plant compositions while designing street green.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.379-387
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• 2005

This study aims to establish the schematic plan for renewing canopied landscape of Garosoo-gil of Chongju and to review to conserving the resources of streetscape of the Garosoo-gil. The study reinterpreted the Garosoo-gil of tree canopied road, representing meanings and functions of the road with main traffics as well as the image of Chongju city achieved buffer zone for open spaces to city green network. The study relied on the present composition, the status of road trees and streetscapes; additionally, the present streets cape was performed with examinations of those factors, the composition of roadscape, the change of structure according to visitor's movement and road construction condition, which was composed with focused places on concerning the loss and demolition of trees by Garosoo-gil. According to the result, the streetscape could be prospected to decreasing the number of trees and changing the sceneries of streetscape. As a result, the dominant canopied streetscape was found three areas. The analysis could help to find a way to establish the schematic plan for making the streets cape be symbolized and take place identified and better festival events with greens. The study could not only suggest the place of the streetscape to be divided into conservation area and protection area, for tree canopy but also establish alternatives for making the Garosoo-gil be a beautiful street park and enduring for a better landscape of main entrance road.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analysis the application of the ISG(Index of Streetscape Greenness) in EIA through case study of Seoul. ISG is a new index which directly expresses human's perceptions of plants in a street and is defined as the area ratio of which leaves of plants occupy an eye-level view of a person standing on the center line of a street. In this research the 42 cases of 3 step reports such as plans, drafts, and final reports which had been passed through the EIA procedure of Seoul were analyzed. The results are as follows: In the drafts frequent mistakes or errors such as unsuitable picture composition, unsuitable sample points, inconsistency of the simulation result with the planting plan, and insufficient numbers of analysis were found, but almost of them were corrected in the final reports. In the most of final reports, the 30% of minimum requirement was satisfied. At all cases the changes of the ISG values were clearly positive. Finally the average current ISG was 19.6%, meanwhile the average proposed ISG was 35.4%. It was verified that the ISG is very practical index to promote green streetscape, but in order to guarantee an achievement a thorough investigation of reports are needed.

• 농촌계획
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.11-20
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• 2022

As a portal to rural town, Myeon near large cities is expected to represent image of the rural area. But, the landscape are changing rapidly due to development pressure and to the expansion of the transportation network. For visitors and transit traffic, Recognizing that the characteristics of the streetscape is an important task for the vitalization of the rural district. In particular, it was found that the visual quantity of the central street in the location of the town was closely related to the preference of the streetscape, and the visual quantity of trees and the visual quantity of the building showed an inverse relationship of + and - respectively. Since this is not a simple ratio of the sky to the building, but a relative factor, the possibility of landscape improvement can be improved through management of public facilities or green spaces and maintenance of open spaces or gaps between buildings. It seems that it is necessary to secure separate means for the management of the architectural landscape, such as the establishment of a special landscape plan or establishment of ordinances.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to develop the concept and the measurement method of IGS(Index of Greenness in Streetscape) and to analyze the present condition of street environments through field surveys of IGS in Seoul. IGS is a new index which directly expresses human's perceptions of plants in a street and defined as the area ratio of which leaves of plants occupy in an eye-level view of a person standing on the center line of a street. In practice, IGS can be calculated from a photograph taken from a center point of a street at about 1.5 meter height from the ground with single lens reflex camera equiped with 50mm standard lens. The photograph must have a special composition in a way that the center point of the photograph is positioning at the visual vanishing point of street center line. Then the IGS can be calculated by computing the percentage of the area covered with the plant leaves in the photograph. Types of streets in Seoul were classified according to road functions into 4 types. We performed field surveys and calculated IGSs from 300 sample sites in Seoul. Followings summarize some of study results. The average IGSs for arterial roads, highways, alleys and back streets are 16.91%, 16.33%, 13.97% and 7.50% respectively. The difference of average IGS values between Ginkgo biloba and Platanus occidentalis was relatively large. From observation IGSs from April 4th, 2003 to October 2nd, 2003, it was evident that the range and timing of each plant species' IGS change is not the same. According to questionnaire to public officials taking charge of street greening, the current evaluated IGS is 24.4%, and it is expected to be 40.7% in the future.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2003

This study aims to evaluate the Ulsan city residents' perception and satisfaction with open spaces and cityscape after consideration in the side of getting primary data for the city open spaces policy and Green Plan for Ulsan city. In this study, low data was gathered by questionnaires survey with stratified random sampling method. Questionnaires were designed by several sets of variables such as behavioral patterns, satisfactions for open spaces and user's demographic variables. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, cross-tabulation and regression analysis. The main results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. In overage the residents were slightly satisfied with park open spaces. There were good and poor park open spaces. in the perceptions of citizens as follows : 'nearby mountain and open spaces', 'rail side green area' were high satisfactory, and 'riverside', 'green qualities' were low in satisfaction. 2. In overage the residents were slightly satisfied with cityscape. There were good and poor cityscape in the perceptions of citizens as follows : 'nearby forest in and open spaces', 'night scape of an urban center' were high satisfactory, and 'streetscape', 'appearances of high-rise buildings' were low in satisfaction. 3. As a results of regression analysis predictable variables for satisfaction with Park and Open spaces were : 'open spaces by the public', 'open spaces by neighbor', 'grande open spaces', 'open spaces of residence'. 4. As a results of regression analysis predictable variables for satisfaction with cityscape were : 'Central Business District(C.B.D) and nearby mountain and open spaces', 'residence and streetscape', 'riverside and park green open spaces'.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 도시와는 특성이 다른 농촌의 공간적 범위를 대상으로 이용빈도가 높은 가로에서 주민들이 체감하는 녹시율을 분석하고, 가로특성을 조사하여 가로특성이 녹시율에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 충남 예산군을 대상으로 녹시율 분석을 위해 가로 유형을 분류한 후, 인공녹지, 자연녹지, 생산녹지를 포함한 가로 녹시율과 가로 내 가로수만을 대상으로 한 가로수 녹시율을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 예산군의 가로 녹시율은 국도가 15.93%, 지방도는 26.14%, 군도는 28.28%, 면도는 24.72%, 리도는 40.70%, 농도는 32.78%, 도시계획도로는 18.36%로 분석되었고, 가로수 녹시율은 국도는 5.02%, 지방도는 9.10%, 군도는 8.55%, 면도는 4.51%, 리도는 6.92%, 농도는 2.56%, 도시계획도로는 9.39%로 분석되었다. 가로의 특성이 녹시율에 미치는 인자를 알아보고자 가로변 토지이용 형태, 차선의 형태, 가로수의 유·무, 보도의 유·무를 분석하여 녹시율에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 그 결과, 가로변 토지이용, 차선의 형태, 보도의 유·무가 가로 녹시율과 가로수 녹시율에 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었으며, 타 연구들과의 비교를 통해 예산군의 녹시율 개선이 필요함을 도출하였다.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.52-60
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• 2002

This paper presents a streetscape design for "Dangiae-Gil"which is located at 126-1 Yangpyung-2dong, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul and is about 500m in length and about 24m in width. The design goals are to make a green street on which people want to walk and people can walk and rest safely and pleasantly. To achieve these goals, concepts of environmentally-friendliness, placeness, safety, amenity, vitality, connectivity, and democracy are developed. For pedestrian safety, shared street concepts, such as crank, slalom etc. are adopted. The site is divided into 5 thematic spaces, such as "Village Entrance Space", "Culture Street", "Dangsan Park", "Nature Street", and "Ferry Space". The Village Entrance Space, which is an entrance of the Dangjae-Gil and a welcoming space, is for communicating information about the area. "Dangnamu"(zelkova tree) and signs are introduced here. The Culture Street is for experiencing past and present culture of the area. Colored tiles and plant boxes attached to benches are introduced. The Dangsan park is a sacred space where modem people can feel the sacredness of nature arid of being in a refuge. Dangjib, Dangnamu, multi-purpose plaza, athletic facilities, and playground for infants are introduced. The Nature Street is a space for feeling and teaming nature which has disappeared from the area leading to the river and a space for community participation. The elementary school walls were demolished and nature education spaces, such as butterfly and dragonfly garden, ecological pond, wildflower garden, etc., which are related to school education, are introduced. The Ferry Space is a space symbolizing a old ferry crossing and an entrance plaza to a bridge for "Sunyu-do\" . A boat-shaped deck, an elevator for handicap people, and parking space are introduced. In conclusion, sustainable management schemes for the site are suggested.sted.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.31-41
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• 2009

우리나라 건축법에 따르면, $200m^2$ 이상의 대지 위에 건축행위를 하기 위해서는 반드시 일정면적비율 이상의 식재를 실시해야 한다. 대규모 개발에서는 이 법규가 잘 지켜지나, 소규모 개발에서는 잘 지켜지지 않고 있기 때문에 소규모 개발에 대해서는 특별한 관심이 기울여져야 한다. 따라서 이 연구의 목적은 대지의 조경에 대한 국내외 사례를 분석하고 서울시에서 소규모 대지에 대한 조경관리 실태분석을 통해 소규모 대지의 조경 설치 및 사후관리에 대한 합리적인 개선 방안을 마련하는 것이다. 이 연구에서는 2002년도에 서울시 성북구와 강남구를 대상으로 조사된 조경 실태자료를 사용하였고, 추가 현장조사와 담당공무원 및 건물소유주에 대한 설문조사를 수행하였으며, 그 분석결과를 토대로 건축단계별로 개선방안을 도출하였다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 건축설계 상위계획 단계에서는 조경기준의 강화, 지구단위계획에서의 지침 제공, 인센티브 제도의 도입 등을 제안하였다. 둘째, 건축설계단계에서는 설계지침 및 사례집 제작 보급, 합벽개발 허용, 연면적 2,000m2 이상 건축물 건축에서 조경기사의 직접참여 또는 협력 의무화 법조항 신설 등을 제시하였다. 셋째, 건축허가 및 준공, 사후관리단계와 관련하여 조경에 대한 허가서류 검토에 녹지직 공무원 참여 보장, 현장 검사 및 확인 업무에 조경전문가가 참여할 수 있도록 관련규정의 개정 등을 제시하였고, 사후관리에 조경전문기술자가 대행 또는 참여할 수 있도록 허용하는 관련 규정 개정 필요성 등을 제시하였으며, 시정명령 미이행 또는 위법건축물에 대한 관리감독 강화의 필요성을 제기하였다.