• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.118-126
• /
• 2004

This study started from the premise that the future elementary school should be designed based on ecological approach in order to restore the emotionality of children. This study aimed at providing a guideline for designing the interior of elementary schools based on ecological approach. Through literature review, the characteristics of ecological architecture and the regulations for green buildings were explored. Also 7 elementary schools which were evaluated as good school design through renowned books representing the ecological characteristics were chosen and analyzed. The results revealed that the school design included natural lighting by roof lighting, natural ventilation, greening, and use of natural materials. This study suggested three categories as a the guideline for the interior space of eco-school design; energy efficiency, greening and sustainability, which included natural lighting, natural ventilation, heating and cooling, planting, materials and water recycling.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
• /
• 제27권3호
• /
• pp.63-77
• /
• 2015

인성과 환경을 강조한 녹색식생활 교육이 중학교에서 실시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 중학생의 자아존중감과 행복감이 녹색식생활 실천에 미치는 영향과 현재 중학교에서 실시되고 있는 녹색식생활 단원 교육 효과를 살펴보고, 효과적인 녹색식생활 교육 프로그램 개발을 위하여 실시되었다. 대구시 소재 중학교 2학년 242명을 대상으로 2014년 3월과 6월에 각각 실시되었다. 녹색식생활 실천과 효능감은 성별과 학년, 가정의 경제적 수준, 한 달 용돈에 따라 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.5). 자아존중감의 가족관계, 또래관계, 자기역량 요인(p<0.05)과 행복감의 긍정적, 부정적 요인이 녹색식생활 실천에 유의적인 영향을 미쳤고(p<0.001), 녹색식생활 실천 효능감은 자아존중감의 가족관계, 또래관계, 자기역량 요인(p<0.05), 행복감의 긍정적, 부정적 정서, 부정적 인관관계에 유의적인 영향을 받았다(p<0.001). 녹색식생활 교육 후 녹색식생활에 대한 흥미와 실천도는 유의적으로 증가하였지만(p<0.05) 청소년의 자아존중감 요인들(가족관계, 불만족, 또래관계, 자기역량)과 행복감 요인들(긍정적, 부정적 정서, 부정적 인간관계)에는 유의적인 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 따라서 중학생의 녹색식생활 교육이 성별, 학교성적, 경제적 수준, 한 달 용돈 등을 고려하는 동시에 자아존중감과 행복감을 높일 수 있는 전략을 세워 실시된다면 인성과 녹색식생활 교육의 효과를 더욱 높일 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 2009

본 연구는 경상북도에 소재하는 초등학교의 학교숲 현황을 조사하고, 주 이용자인 학생들을 대상으로 만족도 설문을 실시하여 만족유형에 따른 학교숲 조성방향을 제시하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 학교숲의 만족도는 수목 많음 항목이 가장 높았고, 소음 감소 항목이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 15개의 항목별 만족도를 이용하여 요인분석을 실시한 결과 3개 요인이 추출되었으며 각각 환경적 기능, 교육 휴게 기능, 생태적 기능으로 명명하였다. 다음으로 요인 점수를 이용하여 학생들을 4개의 군집으로 유형화하였다. 그 결과, 군집 I은 환경적 기능, 군집 III은 교육 휴게 기능, 군집 IV는 생태적 기능의 만족도가 높은 것으로 분석되었으며, 군집 II는 3개의 기능에 대한 만족도가 모두 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 학생들의 만족유형에 따라 학교별 특성을 살펴본 결과, 군집 II에 속하는 학생들이 적고, 타군집의 분포가 비슷한 학교일수록 전체 만족도가 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 학교의 경우 운동장의 많은 부분을 식재공간으로 활용하여 학교숲 면적 및 비율이 타학교에 비해 크게 나타났으며, 체험 및 교육 프로그램을 통해 학생들의 참여를 유도하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서, 학교숲을 조성할 경우 학교숲의 양적인 증가와 더불어 다양한 체험 및 교육 프로그램 등을 도입하여 환경적, 교육 휴게 및 생태적 기능 등 학생들의 만족요인을 고려해야 하며, 기존 화단에 수목을 추가하는 방식보다는 학교숲을 이용할 수 있는 공원형 방식으로 조성해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제34권4호
• /
• pp.61-68
• /
• 2006

A park will soon be developed in an area of Gwangjang-dong, Gwangjin-gu. The place has been a patch of green space for years, isolated by driveways and apartment complexes and abandoned. This article describes plans to infuse the abandoned green space with history, ecology, culture, and sports. The facilities that are to be constructed in and around the green space are positioned to take into account the path of the sun and the location of the curvilinear green space axis. The cultural space is planned as a centerpiece of the park, linked with the sports facilities. The overall framework is arranged in harmony with nearby elementary schools, parks, public facilities, athletic facilities, parking lots, and apartment complexes. The themed circulation route was constructed according to the environmental conditions and the spatial plan. In addition, the historical space is planned to work in close conjunction with the cultural space, and the streets and pedestrian pathways have characters of their own. The established contour lines will be carefully preserved, and an ecological pond will. The facilities, such as the outdoor performance stage, the outdoor art gallery, the Monument of Wind represented by a sail, and the pedestrian bridge in memory of Acha-sansung, are positioned for spatial balance and to provide a nexus. The bamboo forest, designed to foster the experience of sound effects, the architectural thematic plants, and the ecological pond are positioned to connect to each other around the greenspace axis. The main facilities are the outdoor theater, the bamboo forest, the Acha-sansung bridge, the Monument of Wind, the ecological pond, the four-season flower garden, parking lots, playgrounds, circulatory athletic pathways, and the tennis court.

• 대한가정학회지
• /
• 제43권9호
• /
• pp.97-107
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to investigate the elementary, middle and high school food service utilization of traditional Korean food in Gwangju and Jeonnam Area dietitians, and to provide basic data for the utilization of traditional food in school food service. The conclusions of this study are as follows. The utilizations of traditional Korean food was remarkable among the dietitians who are elderly, have worked for a long time, are married and in elementary schools. For the elementary, middle and high schools, the utilization of rice was remarkable in Bombop(boiled rice and nuts)(p<.001), Okeukbop(boiled rice mixed with five grains)(p<.001), Potbop(boiled rice and red-bean)(p<.001), Boribop(boiled rice and barley)(p<.01), and Kongbop(boiled rice and beans)(p<.01) The utilization of one-dish meals was remarkable in Kongnamulbop(boiled rice and bean sprouts)(p<.001). The utilization of porridge was remarkable in Hobakjuk(pumpkin porridge)(p<.001) and Potjuk(red-bean porridge)(p<.001). The utilization of noodles was remarkable in Mandu soup(a bun stuffed with seasoned meat and vegetables)(p<.001) and Kalkuksu(cut noodles)(p<.001). The utilization of soup and pot stew was remarkable in Kongnamul soup(p<.001), sagolugeoji soup(p<.001), Calbitang(p<.001) and sullungtang(p<.001), kongbiji stew(p<.01), and soondubu stew(p<.05). The utilization of steamed dish and hard-boiled food was remarkable in green perilla stew(p<.001), fish stew(p<.001) and seasoned and steamed pollack(p<.01). The utilization of pan-boiled food stew was remarkable in small octopus stew(p<.001). The utilization of fried food or grilled food was remarkable in grilled fish(p<.001), bindaetteok(vegetable pancake)(p<.001), fried green pumpkin(p<.001), fried sea food with stone-leek(p<.001) and Buchu fried food(p<.001). The utilization of salad and cooked vegetables was remarkable in spinach salad(p<.001), cucumber salad(p<.001) and Kongnamul(bean sprouts)(p<.05). The utilization of Kimchi was remarkable in Baek kimchi(p<.001), Gat(leaf-mustard) kimchi(p<.001), Youlmu(young radish) kimchi(p<.01) and Oisobaki(p<.01). The utilization of desserts was remarkable in seasonable fruits(p<.001), Kangjung(p<.01), Tteok(rice cake)(p<.01) and Sik Hye(Cinnamon flavored persimmon punch)(p<.01).

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.81-91
• /
• 2019

The world is constantly endeavoring to reduce global $CO_2$ emissions by international agreements. However, in general, the public cannot be fully understood and it is difficult to know how to implement sustainable development. The purpose of the study is to explore the concept of Eco-School and to investigate the eco-friendly education program in order to prepare an environmental school design guidelines. In addition, an analysis of the UK's Green Certification Program(BREEAM) explores the sustainability of the educational environment and how it achieve the built environment. Furthermore, this study suggests ways to increase sustainability in education and design field. First, through the literature review, recent trends of eco-friendly school design will be analyzed and the concept with characteristics of Eco-School system should be examined. Second, the evaluation factors and application methods of BREEAM will be explored, and the correlation between Eco-School and BREEAM evaluation items by sustainable development goals of United Nations Development Program(UNDP) will be considered. Through the analysis of the BREEAM schools which are constructed in England based on the BREEAM New Construction 2018, design characteristics and methods of eco-friendly schools will be researched so this study suggest practical ways to contribute design guideline which enables to create the specific policy and design improvement of eco-friendly schools in Korea.

• 한국조경학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.37-70
• /
• 1985

The purpose of this study is to present objective basic data for environmental design by the quantitative analysis of visual quality emboded in physical environment. For this, as for the front garden of high schools, the spatial image was measured by the S.D. Scale Method, Factor Analysis was proceeded by the principal component analysis and the visual preference was investigated by the Paired Comparision Method. The scale values of plain and unpleasant road surface and external appearance of buildings, which are related to emotions of simpleness fell from straightness and stability, were found to be high. But, except for the road surface of Kyunggi High School, scale values of variables explaining the variation of the quality of materials, level of floor and rythm were generally low. For all green spaces, scale values of variables explaining the degree of pleasantness was found to be generally high. And, those explaining tidiness and characteristics of green spaces were not in the same tendency. But, the green spaces of Youngdong High school can be considered to the space with plenty of visual absorption uniqueness were high. As for the correlation between variables, variables for green spaces(12 and 26) and those for overall view of front garden( 1 and 4) revealed high positive correlation. Also, "order - disorder" and "convenient- incovenient" included in road surface variable can be regarded to have the same meaning since the correlation coefficient between them is very high, 0.7045. Image variables including road surface, external appearance of buildings, green spaces and overall view of front garden showed 91.21~61.08% of total variance. Thus, the remains can be considered to be the error valiance or specific variance. In Fctor I, II and III, main components explaining the road surface image of front gardens are order, hardness, texture, color, gradient and rythm. As for the external appearance of b wilding, variables of color, hardness, stability, peculiality and shape revealed high values of factor load. For all variables, communality was drastically high and ellen values and common variance were found to be very high in Factor I. As for the front gardens, variables explaining volume and peculiarity were found to be the main components of Factor I. In Factor II and III, variables of factor load were tidiness, pleasantness.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제34권1호
• /
• pp.35-47
• /
• 2024

Objectives: Many cases of lung cancer have been reported by school kitchen workers as occupational cancer. Twenty-eight schools in Gyeongsangnam-do Province were selected to evaluate the effect of improved kitchen ventilation systems. Ventilation characteristics before and after renovation were compared and design techniques were identified. Methods: In the design stage for kitchen ventilation systems, expert intervention was used to improve the designs. Ventilation characteristics and air quality were evaluated before and after the renovations. Hood face velocity and fan flow rate were measured and the smoke visualization technique was used to evaluate the capability of protecting worker's breathing zone. The concentrations of PM_0.3 were measured at points not adjacent to cooking equipment because these concentrations fluctuate greatly. Results: Mean hood face velocity increased from 0.29 m/s before renovation to 0.7m/s after renovation. The concentrations of PM_0.3 showed a roughly 95% reduction. Concentrations of CO showed more than a 75% reduction. Smoke visualization showed greater protection of workers' breathing zone. Conclusions: Advanced design techniques for school kitchen ventilation systems were applied to renovate old kitchen ventilation systems. The performance of the new kitchen ventilation systems was nearly excellent. Further improvement of design techniques is still needed, however.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.55-62
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual condition of real certification schools of environment-friendly architecture per ecological environment elements through extracting ecological environment elements which is possible to analyze in quantity certification standards of environment friendly architecture. As the method of this study, firstly, certification as an examination on certification system of environment-friendly architecture, summary of certification system of environment-friendly architecture and eco-school pilot model project, ecological environment elements which is possible for quantitative analysis of ecological environment certification standards were extracted. Secondly, actual condition of ecological environment elements per school grade by collecting actual data of certification schools environment-friendly architecture were analyzed. The average of ecological area ratio was 24.5 percent in case of this certification regardless of school grade and region and it was analyzed that the natural based green area ratio was 22.9 percent, bio-tope area ratio was 0.60 percent and ecological learning places area ratio was 0.39 percent.

• 경영과정보연구
• /
• 제2권
• /
• pp.95-106
• /
• 1998

Color Echo-sounder display signals reflected from underwater objects in eight colors according to the strength of the signal. When the sea bottom is hard due to the presence of rocks, etc, the trailing on the reflection become strong signal and soft to presence of mud, etc the trailing on the reflection become weak signal. Strong signals are displayed in the color range, reddish brown, orange and yellow, in descending order of intensity. Weak signals are displayed in the range blue, light blue, cyan and green, in ascending order of intensity. Image of fish schools at or near the sea bottom vary according to the characteristics of the beam angle setting. When the angle is wide, even fish not near the bottom may be recorded as being on the seabed. A narrow angle should, therefore, be selected when you want to get an accurate recording of fish at or near the sea bottom. The condition of the sea bottom can be determinded more easily when the beam angle is wide and pulse with is long. Though the objects could be verified by the type of reflected signals which have been transformed into digital signals strong middle and weak ones, the experiments have in continue under various condition. Futhermore, the methode of measuring temperature inside the sea ought to be examined.