• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.281-302
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to offer a history of golden ratio, the criterion raised by Markowsky, and misconceptions about golden ratio. Markowsky(1992) insists that the golden ratio does not appear in the great pyramid of Khufu. On the contrary, we claim that there exists the golden ration on it. Elementary and middle school text books, and domestic history books deal with the great pyramid of Khuff and the Parthenon by examples of the golden ratio. Text books make many incorrect statements about golden ratio; so in teaching and learning the golden ratio, we recommend the design-composition of dynamic symmetry, for example, industrial design, aerodynamic, architecture design, and screen design. Finally we discuss the axial age how to affect the school mathematics with respect to the subject of Thales and the golden ratio.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.49-69
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• 2018

Objectives: Following the Jin Yuan Dynasty, the Ming and Song Dynasties witnessed a great development of Yunqi xue. A study into this development has a vast significance in studying the history of the development of traditional Chinese medicine. Methods: The contents relating to Yunqi within the Comprehensive Medical Books, published during the Ming period, and medical texts separately published specifically dealing with Yunqi were used in order to review the unique characters of the study of Yunqi during this period. Results: There were many cases in the comprehensive medical books during the Ming period that dealt with Yunqi. Some of the examples are: Yunqilu in Yixueliuyao, YunQiZongLun in Yixuerumen, and Yunqilu in Yixueliuyao. A number of books that followed suit from the previous generation's study were published, the examples of which are Wangji's Yunqiyilan, and ZhangJiebin's LeiJingtuyi. WangJi, in his book, opposed the mechanic utilization of YunQi theory, and advocated the flexible application of the theory at the doctor's discretion. Liwei, in his YunQiZongLun, wrote a great deal of knowledge which he gained based on the previous-generation medical masters' achievements. Conclusions: Yunqi became widely accepted during the Ming period which led to some doctors advocating the flexible application of the YunQi theory, and some doctors even completely denouncing Yunqi.

• The Journal of Korean Philosophical History
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• no.31
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• pp.321-346
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• 2011

This is a preliminary study in order to deal intensively with the overall characteristics of Korean military science in the future days. First off, the history of military science of China based on the precedent studies was recapitulated, and a comparative study on the acceptance process of the books on military art and science, as well as on understanding patterns of literati on the subject through literature searches, ranging from the Three Kingdoms Period to the Goryeo Dynasty in Korean peninsula, was conducted. In case of Korea, the Chinese books on military strategy, including Sun Tzu's the Art of War, had already been passed down during the Three Kingdoms Period, and broadly read by scholarly people. They had utilized diverse methods based on their knowledge of Confucianism. In the reference materials, the authors of Korean military strategy books had greatly relied upon the Chinese books on military strategies, however, they had made the military principles run in their own way. At the end of Goryeo Dynasty, 'Military Science' had been well established as a subject in academia, and this curriculum had been taught not only at the National Confucian Academy, Seonggyun-gwan, in the capital but also at the country public school ("Hyanggyo") in the province together with Confucianism. Because of the limits of reference materials, however, it was difficult to confirm whether or not such strategic experiences were actually led to the publication of the books on military art and science, or how many books on military strategies and tactics had been published up until the end of Goryeo Dynasty. But, the facts that there were not many publications of the books on military strategies during the era of Three Kingdoms and of Goryeo Dynasty don't mean that Korean military science had entirely relied upon the Chinese military art and science. For instance, such strategies, tactics and leaderships as exhibited in the process of the Great Victory at Salsu River ("Salsu Daecheop") achieved by General Eulji Mun-deok, as well as the Great Victory at Gwiju ("Gwiju Daecheop") achieved by General Kang Gam-chan could never happen by chance.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.179-199
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• 2008

Purpose: To clarify the influence of "Dongeuibogam" on three important medical books "Euimunbogam", "Jaejungshinpyeon" and "Bangyakhabpyeon", in Chosun Dynasty. Methods: To examine and compare the three medical books, with "Uterus" and "Gynecology" part in "Dongeuibogam" to investigate effects of theories and prescriptions of "Dongeuibogam" upon gynecology. Results: Firstly, "Dongeuibogam" positively and practically reestablished the medical books existing at that time and made the high use of them in practice. Secondly, the three medical books mostly follows the formation of "Pomun" and "Buinmum" in "Dongeuibogam". thirdly, the three medical books inclusively accepted the theory and prescriptions of "Dongeuibogam" and made use of them actively in practice. Furthermore they developed other points of view in 'disease pattern identification and treatment'(辨證施治). Conclusion: "Dongeuibogam" had great influence upon gynecology in the medical books at the latter term of Chosun dynasty. "Dongeuibogam" also have had huge influence upon the clinical practice in gynecology until now by making the foundation of gynecology in traditional Korean medicine.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.253-261
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• 2024

The role of the library is as a public institution that provides academic information to a variety of people, including students, the general public, and researchers. These days, as the importance of lifelong education is emphasized, libraries are evolving beyond simply storing and lending materials to complex cultural spaces that share knowledge and information through various educational programs and cultural events. One of the problems library user's faces is locating books to borrow. This problem occurs because of errors in the location of borrowed books due to delays in updating library databases related to borrowed books, incorrect labeling, and books temporarily located in different locations. The biggest problem is that it takes a long time for users to search for the books they want to borrow. In this paper, we propose a system that visually displays the location of books in real time using an AI vision sensor and LED. The AI vision sensor-based book location guidance system generates a QR code containing the call number of the borrowed book. When the AI vision sensor recognizes this QR code, the exact location of the book is visually displayed through LED to guide users to find it easily. We believe that the AI vision sensor-based book location guidance system dramatically improves book search and management efficiency, and this technology is expected to have great potential for use not only in libraries and bookstores but also in a variety of other fields.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.33-43
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• 2017

The content curation service through big data analysis is receiving great attention in various content fields, such as film, game, music, and book. This service recommends personalized contents to the corresponding user based on user's preferences. The existing book curation systems recommended books to users by using bibliographic citation, user profile or user log data. However, these systems are difficult to recommend books related to character names or spatio-temporal information in text contents. Therefore, in this paper, we suggest a personalized book curation system based on integrated mining of a book. The proposed system consists of mining system, recommendation system, and visualization system. The mining system analyzes book text, user information or profile, and SNS data. The recommendation system recommends personalized books for users based on the analysed data in the mining system. This system can recommend related books using based on book keywords even if there is no user information like new customer. The visualization system visualizes book bibliographic information, mining data such as keyword, characters, character relations, and book recommendation results. In addition, this paper also includes the design and implementation of the proposed mining and recommendation module in the system. The proposed system is expected to broaden users' selection of books and encourage balanced consumption of book contents.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

There are three kinds of books written by different authors in different regions in the 19th century. These books include "BonChoYuHam (本草類函)" (1833), "BonChoBuBangPyeonRam (本草附方便覽)" (1855) and "BonChoBang (本草方)" (1860?). However, these books are very similar in terms of content and format. They were written in the format of large medical books and they contained prescriptions made up with 1-2 kinds of herbals depending on diseases. These three books which could not affect each other appear to have these commons. The reason is that these books were newly edited based on Bubang (附方) in "BenChaoGangMu" depending on diseases and "BenChaoWanFangZhenXien" (1712) written by Cai, lie Xian (蔡烈先) was used as the reference. Woodblock printed book of "BenChaoGangMu" viewed by medical practitioners in Joseon Dynasty in the 19th century mostly had "BonChoManBangChimSun" which could be called '"BenChaoGangMu" Bubang index' as the appendix. All authors of three books tried to make 'reorganization of "BenChaoGangMu"' by using "BonChoManBangChimSun" as the important reference. Work of 'reorganization of "BenChaoGangMu"' focusing on symptoms being made in the 19th century was made a few times in the 20th century. "YangMuSinPyeon" and "SuSeBiGyeol" published in 1928 were outcomes of these works in the 20th century. 'Reorganization of "BenChaoGangMu"' being made in 19th-20th centuries showed great interest for "BenChaoGangMu" in the medical community in the late Joseon Dynasty. In addition, the practical scholarship of Joseon Dynasty gave "BenChaoGangMu" the value as the collection of prescriptions rather than the concept of book for herbal medicine. Prescriptions of reorganized "BenChaoGangMu" have been spread out to many books in the late Joseon Dynasty. Thus, the impact of "BenChaoGangMu" on society in the late Joseon Dynasty seems to be much larger than what has been known so far.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.4
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• pp.109-140
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• 1995

As we considered in the main subjects, investigations on the theory of 'Doctrine on five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣學說)' through 'Wang Bing's Commentary(王氷 注本)' of 'The seven great chapters in The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic Su Wen' ("黃帝內經素問 七篇大論") are as follows. (1) In The seven great chapters("七篇大論")' Wang Bing supplement theory and in the academic aspects as a interpreter, judging from 'forget(亡)' character. expressed in the 'The missing chapters("素問遺篇")', 'Bonbyung-ron("本病論")' and 'Jabeob-ron(刺法論)', 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")' must be supplementary work by Wang Bing. Besides, he quoted such forty books as medical books, taoist books, confucianist books, miscellaneous books, etc in the commentary and the contents quoted in the 'Su Wen(素問)' and 'Ling Shu("靈樞")' scripture nearly occupy in the book. As a method of interpreting scripiure as scripture, he edited the order of 'Internal Classic("內經")' ascended from the ancient time and when he compensated for commentary, with exhaustive scholarly mind and by observing the natural phenomena practically and writing the pathology and the methods of treatment. We knew that the book is combined with the study of 'Doctrine on five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣學說)' (2) When we compare, analyze the similar phrase of 'The seven great chapters in The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic Su Wen'("黃帝內經素問ㆍ七篇大論") through 'Wang Bing's Commentary(王氷 注本)', he tells abouts organized 'five elements(五行)' and 'heaven's regularly movement(天道運行)' rather than 'Emyangengsangdae-ron("陰陽應象大論")' in 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")'. Also the 'Ohanunhangdae-ron("五運行大論")' because the repeated sentences with 'Emyangengsangdae-ron("陰陽應象大論")' is long they are omitted. And in the 'Youkmijidae-ron("六微旨大論")', 'Cheonjin ideology(天眞四象)' based on the 'Sanggocheonjin- ron("上古天眞論")', 'Sagijosindae-ron("四氣調神大論")' is written and in the 'Gigoupyondae-ron("氣交變大論")', the syndrome and symptom are explained in detail rather than 'Janggibeobsi-ron("藏氣法時論")', 'Okgijinjang-ron ("玉機眞藏論")' and in the 'Osangieongdae-ron("五常政大論")', the concept of 'five element(五行)' of the 'Gemgwejineon-ron("金櫃眞言論")' is expanded to 'the five elements' motion concept(五運槪念)' and in the 'Youkwonjeonggidae-ron("六元正紀大論")', explanations of 'The five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣)' function are mentioned mainly and instead systematic pathology is not revealed rather than 'Emyangengsangdae-ron("陰陽應象大論")'. And in the 'Jijinyodae-ron("至眞要大論")', explanations of the change of atmosphere which correspond to treatment principle by 'The three Yin and Yang(三陰三陽)' as a progressed concepts are revealed. Therefore there are much similarity between the phrase of 'Emyangengsangdae-ron("陰陽應象大論")' and 'chapters of addition(補缺之篇)'. Generally, the doctrine which 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")' are added by Wang Bing(王氷) is supported because there are more profound concepts rather than the other chapter in 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")'. (3) When we study Wang Bing's(王氷) 'Pattern on five elements motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣格局)' in 'The seven great chapter("七篇大論")', in the 'Cheonwongi-dae-ron("天元紀大論")', With 'Cheonjin ideology(天眞思想)' and the concepts of 'Owang(旺)'${\cdot}$'Sang(相)'${\cdot}$'Sa(死)'${\cdot}$'Su(囚)'${\cdot}$'Hu(休)' and 'Cheonbu(天符)'${\cdot}$'Sehwoi(歲會)' are measured time-spacially to the concept of 'Three Sum(三合)' the concept of 'Taeulcheonbu(太乙天符)' is explained. In the 'Ounhangdae-ron("五運行大論")', 'The calender Signs five Sum(天干五合)' is compared to the concepts of 'couples(夫婦)', 'weak-strong(柔强)' and in the 'Youkmijidae-ron("六微旨大論")', 'the relationship of obedience and disobedience(順逆關係)' which conform to the 'energy status(氣位)' change and 'monarch-minister(君相)' position is mentioned. In the 'Gikyobyeondae-ron("氣交變大論")', the concept of 'Sang-duk(相得)', 'Pyungsang(平常)' is emphasized but concrete measurement is mentioned. In the 'Osangieongdae-ron("五常政大論")', the detailed explanation with twenty three 'systemic of the five elements' motion(五運體系)' form and 'rountine-contrary treatment(正治. 反治)' with 'chill-fever-warm-cold(寒${\cdot}$熱${\cdot}$溫${\cdot}$凉)' are mentioned according to the 'analyse and differentiate pathological conditions in accordance with the eight principal syndromes(八綱辨證)'. In the 'Youkwonjeonggidae-ron("六元正紀大論")', Wang Bing of doesn't mention the concepts of 'Jungwun(中運)' that is seen in the original classic. In the new corrective edition, as the concepts of 'Jungwun, Dongcheonbu, Dongsehae and Taeulcheonbu(中運, 同天符, 同歲會, 太乙天符)' is appeared, Wang Bing seems to only use the concepts of 'Daewun, Juwun, and Gaekwun(大運, 主運, 客運)'. In the 'Jijinyodaeron("至眞要大論")', Wang Bing added detailed commentary to pathology and treatment doctrine by explaining the numerous appearances of 'Sebo, sufficiency, deficiency(歲步, 有餘, 不足)' and in the relation of 'victory-defeat(勝復)', he argued clearly that it is not mechanical estimation. (4) When we observe the Wang Bing's originality on the study of 'the theory of Doctrine on five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣學說)', he emphasized 'The idea of Jeongindogi and Health preserving(全眞導氣${\cdot}$養生思想)' by adding 'Wang Bing's Commentary(王氷 注本)' of 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")' and explained clearly 'The theory of Doctrine on five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣學說)' and simpled and expanded the meaning of 'man, as a microcosm, is connected with the macrocosm(天人相應)' and with 'Atmosphere theory(大氣論)' also explained the meaning of 'rising and falling mechanism(升降氣機)'. In the sentence of 'By examining the pathology, take care of your health(審察病機 無失氣宜)'. he explained the meaning of pathology of 'heart-kidney-water-fire(心腎水火)' and suggested the doctrine and management of prescription. In the estimation and treatment, by suggesting 'asthenia and sthenia(虛實)' two method's estimation, 'contrary treatment(反治)' and treatment principals of 'falling heart fire tonifyng kidney water(降心火益腎水)', 'two class of chill and fever(寒熱二綱)' were demonstrated. There are 'inside and outside in the illness and so inner and outer in the treatment(病有中外 治有表囊)'. This sentence suggests concertedly. 'two class of superfies and interior(表囊二綱)' conforming to the position of disease. Therefore Wang Bing as an excellent theorist and introduced 'Cheoniin ideology(天眞思想)' as a clinician and realized the medical science. With these accomplishes mainly written in 'The theory of Doctrine on five elements' motion and six kinds of natural factors(運氣學說)' of 'The seven great chapters("七篇大論")', he interpreted the ancient medical scriptures and expanded the meaning of scriptures and conclusively contributed to the development of the study 'Korean Oriental Medicine(韓醫學)'.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.83-103
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• 2018

Objectives: The Qing Dynasty experienced a development in Yunqi even greater than in the Ming Dynasty. Popularization and universalization of Yunqi theory led to many books on the subject published, especially with weights on Warm Heat Disease and Pestilence, also giving birth to new Yunqi theories. A study into this development has a great significance in the study of the traditional medicine in Qing. Methods: The paper studies the Yunqi books published in the Qing dynasty to find out the unique characters of those books. To understand the direction which the Yunqi theory in the Qing period took, the paper also reviewed the positions of different groups, those who were favorable, those who compromised, and those who were unfavorable. Results: Four directions were taken by the study of Yunqi in the Qing period. First is the systemic study and composition of Neijing's chapter of Yunqi. This direction was taken by Liumaoxiu's NeiJingYunQiBingShi) and $N{\grave{e}}ijingyunqibiao$, Xuefuchen's Suwenyunqitushuo, Zhuenhua's Suwenyunqiqianshuo, an unknown person's Su wen yunqi chao, Weigeliu's Neijingqihuapian. The second direction is the study of Yunqi in relation with the Warm Heat Disease and Pestilence, which was taken by Mayin lin's Wuyunliuqiwenyifayuan, Lumaoxiu's Suwenyipianbìngshi, Litianchi's Shiyiwenbingqìyunzhengyan lun, and Wangxun's Cihangsanyuanfujifang. The third direction deals with a new Yunqi theory. The Fourthis the explanation of Yunqi in the form of Songs, which was taken by Wuqian's Yunqiyaojue, and Wengzao's Yunqiyaojue. Conclusions: Ludanchen published Yunqibian, and explained that Haizichouyinmaochen, which is the eclipse's south latitude, becomes Nanzheng, and Southern government, which is the eclipse's north latitude, becomes Northern government. Lumaoxiu revealed that the Liuqidasitian, founded by Wangpuzhuang, his great grandfather on the mother's side, is in alignment with the theory of Dashitian, used by Liushozhen, Lidongyuan, Zhudanxi, and Zhangjingyue. The representative figure in the favorable view of Yunqi in the Qing period is Wuyang, that of those who compromised is Fengzhaozhang, and that of opposition is Zhangzhuo.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.291-320
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• 2010

The Bible has been and still is one of the most influential books ever published. The English Bible has a great impact on English language, literature, and culture. Therefore, knowledge of the Bible is essential in learning English language, its literature, culture and tradition. Biblical allusions are found in great literature and the daily newspapers as well. Rock musicians, screenwriters, television producers, and advertisers use the Bible as a source. Politicians use the words and accounts of the Bible to frame their debates. The Bible has continued to be philosophically, ethically, religiously, and politically influential in Western, Eastern, now World cultures. Therefore, not to know it means not to understand a great portion of world culture. This study examines the influence of the first book of the Bible, Genesis, in English language, literature, and culture. Furthermore, this study suggests why we should incorporate the English Bible in English education.