• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.84-99
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• 2022

Purpose - This study carried out an empirical study of the impact of sustainability - which has been gaining attention as challenges are arising in supply chains based on existing trade networks due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic - on SCM performance and financial performance of Korean SMEs. The study seeks to propose a measurement model to enhance the SCM performance and financial performance of Korean SMEs and to identify the relationship between sustainability, SCM performance and financial performance to suggest implications to SMEs, governments, and relevant organizations. Design/methodology - Our Analysis established hypotheses that economic sustainability, environmental sustainability, and other factors related to sustainability have a positive impact on SCM performance and financial performance as well as SCM performance has a positive impact on financial performance, making empirical validations by utilizing Structural Equation Modeling based on data collected through survey from Korean SMEs. Findings - According to an empirical study, although environmental sustainability and economic sustainability among factors of sustainability had a positive influence on SCM performance, social sustainability did not have a statistically significant influence. Furthermore, it was learned that only economic sustainability had a positive influence on financial performance while SCM performance has a positive influence on financial performance. Originality/value - This empirical study explored the relationship between SCM performance and financial performance of Korean SMEs with a high tendency to depend on specific supply chains when the international trade network is in confusion and/or the global supply chain has collapsed. If Korean SMEs allocate management resources to the factors deducted from this study, they would be able to build more efficient supply chains and improve financial performance to improve sustainability.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 2010

The competitive strategies of the Korean manufacturing companies have changed from the "cost leadership" strategy in the early developing stage since 1960's to the "stuck in the middle" position since 1990's in the face of emerging new cost leaders as the Chinese companies. The data on the strategic contents of the Korean manufacturing companies show that their strategies are seeking the value innovation through not only quality improvement but also cost reduction altogether rather than selecting one on the trade-off relation between the both competitive dimensions. Their strategic actions seem to be seeking the operational efficiencies through all the value chain activities rather than the strategic effectiveness by selecting and focusing on the specific competitive dimension, which is considered as a typical strategic approach. Their strategy seems to be non-strategic in the general sense. But their non-strategically looking behaviors can be reasonable enough for their sandwiched competitive position between the global quality leaders and following cost leaders. This paper explains why their strategies can be right through the theoretical explanations by using the quality-price elasticity approaches for the consumer behaviors. We can call their strategic activities as the value innovation strategy.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.453-458
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• 2011

The construction industry's importance to nation building, economic empowerment, and contributions to global commerce cannot be over emphasised. However, poor productivity, accidents, rework, time and cost overruns, and client dissatisfaction have characterised the industry performance in a multi-dimensional way. The central issue in this particular research is the seemingly inadequate achievement of optimum performance in the construction process, either with respect to value for money for the client and the entire construction supply chain or value in terms of the utility derived from built assets in spite of efforts by government and governmental bodies such as the Construction Industry Development Board (cidb) to increase industry performance. Therefore, based upon an extensive review of related literature, the paper reports on effects and causes of non-value adding activities in the construction industry in general, and South African construction in particular. The research findings indicate that activities that can be referred to as non-value activities are not only prevalent, but they can also be held responsible for performance related issues in terms of cost, time, quality and health and safety (H&S) in construction; and the exploration of pluralism in the research methodology may result in a robust model based upon the system dynamics approach. Therefore, the study suggests that there is major scope for value optimisation in the construction process especially in terms of availability and implementation of interventions, which have not only proven successful in other industries, but are also adaptable in the construction industry context.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.318-335
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• 2024

Objectives: Despite the growing market share of online grocery shopping, there is a need to understand customer perceived value due to the ongoing advancements in information technology. This study explores the connections between attributes, consequences, and values. Additionally, it conducts a cross-country comparison of consumers' online grocery shopping behaviors to gain a deeper understanding of consumer market segments and any potential variations among them. Methods: Data was collected through an online questionnaire survey conducted from May 1 to 15, 2024, targeting 400 consumers in Seoul, Korea, and Shanghai, China, who have experience with online grocery shopping. The survey utilized the Means-End Chain theory and association pattern technique hard laddering. Data collation and analysis were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics 28.0 program. The LadderUX software was employed to analyze the links between attributes, consequences, and values and create the consumer purchasing process's implication matrix and hierarchical value map (HVM). Results: The study identified key attributes that influence online grocery shopping decisions, including delivery service, price, freshness, and quality. Korean consumers demonstrated a higher sensitivity to price (19.0%) and delivery service (17.0%). In contrast, Chinese consumers prioritized delivery service (15.0%) and after-sales service (14.8%). Commonly cited consequences included time saving (12.6% for Koreans, 11.3% for Chinese), whereas prevalent values encompassed convenience (36.8% for Koreans, 19.6% for Chinese) and economic value (26.6% for Koreans, 14.7% for Chinese). The HVM underscored these insights, highlighting diverse consumer preferences and country-specific nuances. Conclusions: The findings highlight the current state of online food consumption and consumers' value systems, revealing variations among countries. These findings offer empirical insights that can be used to create customized global marketing strategies that resonate with various consumer preferences and market dynamics.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.55-72
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• 2020

Purpose - In this paper, we provide recommendations for Korea's long-term direction and strategic measures to attract inward foreign direct investment (FDI) in response to Japan's export regulations. In doing so, we analyze the current situation and characteristics of trade between Korea and Japan, focusing on the parts and materials industry, which is particularly affected by Japan's trade regulations. Design/methodology - Based on the analysis of five successful inward FDI cases (e.g. Toray, IGK, Delkor, GlobalWafers, DuPont) and statistic trend review in the parts and materials industry, we consider various factors pertaining to successful inward FDI in Korea and propose valuable investment attraction strategies. Findings - For a successful investment attraction strategy, we studied some statistical trends in the internal and external environments of the parts and materials industry and successful investment attraction cases in Korea. We have found that in order to increase the probability of success in attracting investment, we need a mid-to long-term strategy considering multiple factors such as "Production-oriented, Demand-linked, Global Value Chain (VGC) linked, and Policy-linked investment attraction." Originality/value - We suggest several specific measures and important strategic implications for the Korean government and firm's managers to attract inward FDI successfully.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.146-163
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• 2021

Purpose - This paper examines China's impact on Korea's ICT exports considering the direct competition channel, the production shift channel, and the indirect demand channel at once. This paper also takes China's economic rebalancing into account and discusses whether it makes any differences in the effect of the three channels. Design/methodology - To quantify the effect of the three channels, I constructed a linear panel regression model and estimated it with various estimation methods including the system GMM. China's exports toward the same destination as Korea's exports, Korea's exports toward China, and the third countries' exports toward China respectively reflect the three channels. China's GVC indicators are included as well to evaluate the effect of further China's economic rebalancing. Since the present paper has a greater interest in the effect of China rather than the determinant of bilateral trade, a (fixed effect) panel model becomes more appropriate than the gravity model because timeinvariant variables in the gravity model, such as the distance and the language, are eliminated during the estimation process. Findings - The estimation results indicate that Chinese ICT exports are complementary to Korea's ICT exports in general. However, when markets are considered in subgroups, China's ICT exports could have a negative effect in the long run, especially for SITC75 and SITC76 markets, implying a possible competitive threat of China. The production shift effect turns significant during China's economic rebalancing in the markets for the advanced economies and the SITC76 product. China's indirect demand channel is also in effect significantly for the advanced economy and SITC75 commodities during China's economic rebalancing periods. In addition, this paper shows that China's transition toward upstream in the global value chain could have a positive impact on Korea's ICT exports, especially at the Asian market. Originality/value - The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it focuses on the ICT industry for which Korea increasingly depends on China and China becomes a global hub of the GVC. Second, this paper quantitatively studies three channels in a model in contrast to the literature which mostly examines those channels separately and pays less attention to the GVC aspect. Third, by utilizing relatively recent data from the period of 2001-2017, this paper discusses whether China's economic rebalancing affects the three channels.

• 무역학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.245-267
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• 2016

본 연구는 GVC(글로벌가치사슬) 관점에서 한국의 해외직접투자(FDI)의 현황을 실증적 연구방법을 통해 분석하고 정책방향을 제시하였다. 전 세계 50개국의 자료를 활용한 회귀분석과 독일, 스위스, 싱가포르 등 주요국과의 국제비교 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과 2000년대 이후 동시에 늘어나는 전 세계 FDI와 수출입을 동시에 설명하는 GVC 관점에서 볼 때, 한국의 국제화 수준은 지나치게 무역위주로만 형성되어 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 한국의 1인당 GDP를 높이기 위해서는 분석에 포함된 주요국에 비해 20~30여년 뒤쳐져 있는 해외직접투자(OFDI) 수준을 높이는 것이 필요해 보인다. 즉, 무역의 이익과 투자의 이익을 동시에 추구하여 1인당 GDP 수준을 높여나가는 것이 중요한 것으로 분석되었다.

• 무역학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.175-195
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• 2023

해상운송은 개별 국가만이 아니라 세계 경제에 높은 영향력을 미치며, 글로벌가치사슬(GVSc)을 통한 분업 실현에 이바지 하고 있으며 이러한 국제분업 활동은 일상화되어 있다. 해상운송업 사이에도 국제분업을 통한 글로벌 가치사슬(GVSs)이 존재하며 국가 간 해상운송업 사이 혹은 관련 산업 사이에도 거래관계가 발생해 상호 연관구조가 긴밀한 국가들이 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 아시아개발은행(ADB)에서 1년 단위로 발표하는 국제산업연관표(WIOT)을 이용하여 63개 국가 중에서 세계 30대 선박 보유국 안에 포함되면서 수상운송업의 총 산출액이 높은 14개 국가를 대상으로 수상운송업 간의 상호 연관구조를 분석하였다. 분석을 통해서 우리나라 수상운송업과 높은 연관구조를 가진 국가와 우리나라 수상운송업의 특징을 확인하였다. 분석 결과 우리나라는 투입구조에서 국산 중간재비중이 약 70%로 유럽의 주요 해운 국가 대비 국내산 이용 비율이 높았다. 하지만 2000년 이후로 꾸준히 국외 중간투입이 증가하면서 국외 산업과 연관구조가 높아졌으며, 발생하는 부가가치는 하락하였다. 줄어드는 부가가치에 비해 국내 산업으로 생산유발계수는 크게 변화가 없어 같은 금액 투자에도 국내에 미치는 경제적 영향은 줄어든 것으로 평가되어 해운산업의 부가가치를 높이기 위한 정책적인 방안이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. 우리나라 수상운송업과 높은 연관구조를 가진 국가는 투입구조 상에서는 미국(USA), 배분구조에서는 싱가포르(SIN), 일본(JPN) 순으로 해당 국가의 생산활동에 높은 영향을 받는 것을 확인하였다. 생산유발계수를 통한 연관구조를 보면 우리나라 수상운송업과 높은 연관구조를 가진 국가의 수상운송업은 싱가포르(SIN)이다. 싱가포르(SIN)는 유럽 항로의 중간지역으로 우리나라 수상운송업과 상호 간에 높은 생산유발효과를 주고받는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.67-82
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• 2018

최근 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR)에 대한 인식이 변하고 있다. 종전 CSR은 특정 기업이 이미지 개선을 위해 일시적으로 행해 왔던 선행정도로 치부되어 왔으나 CSR은 더 이상 선택사항이 아니라, 기업의 지속성장과 경쟁력 향상의 원천이라는 인식이 확산되고 있다. 기업의 사회적 책임은 시대나 경제환경에 따라 변해 왔으며 최근 글로벌 가치사슬이 중요해지면서 수출중소기업의 성장전략으로 자리잡게 되었다. 수출중소기업의 경우 글로벌 가치사슬(GVC)에 참여하기 위해서는 글로벌 기업이 요구하는 CSR에 대한 국제적 표준을 충족시켜야 한다. 이런 추세를 반영하여 수출중소기업은 CSR활동을 통해 사회적 책임 이행과 효율적 성장이라는 두 가지 목표를 동시에 달성할 수 있는 방향으로 노력해야 할 것이다. 중도기업의 지속성장을 위한 핵심방안의 하나로서 정책적 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째. 중소기업 CSR 전담 국가기구의 설립이 필요하다. 중앙정부 산하에 중소기업 CSR을 전담하는 조직을 설립하여 중소기업 CSR업무를 총괄해야 한다. 둘째, CSV 평가모델 개발 및 인증사업을 추진해야 한다. CSR의 국제적인 트랜드를 개별기업에 신속하게 전달하고 컨설팅을 통해 경제적인 효과를 극대화할 수 있도록 지원해야 할 것이다. 셋째, 글로벌 진출과 연계해야 한다. 중소기업의 CSR보고서는 글로벌 가치사슬에서 실질적인 효과가 있도록 작성해야 할 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.287-299
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• 2018

이 연구는 기업의 사회적 책임을 재조명하고 국제적인 CSR 핵심가치에 맞춰 국내 기업들의 CSR이 어떻게 발전해야 할 것인가에 대한 방향을 제시하는 개념적 연구를 수행하는데 주된 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 연구방법론적으로 한국의 CSR체계나 기준에 대하여 총체적으로 접근하고, 이를 글로벌 기준과 비교하여 발전방향을 도출하였다. 한국기업의 사회적 책임활동은 아직도 사회공헌에 초점을 두고 있는 반면에, 글로벌 기업들의 CSR활동은 다양한 비즈니스 영역에서의 활동뿐만 아니라 노동, 환경 등 기업 내 외부를 둘러싸고 있는 환경 전반에 걸쳐 사회적 책임을 다하고 있다. 특히 그들은 기업의 가치사슬 내에서 안정적인 CSR활동을 수행하고 있다. 게다가 기업 간의 거래관계에서도 사회적 책임이 검증된 기업과의 거래를 기본으로 수행하고 있어, 원청과 1차 하청기업, 다시 1차하청기업과 2차 하정기업간의 관계 모두에서 CSR활동이 요구되기 때문에 사회 전반에 걸쳐 CSR이 보편화되어 있다. 이는 CSR을 바탕으로 보다 나은 근로조건, 보다 나은 생활환경을 유인하기 때문에 기업의 CSR활동이 사회 전반의 발전에 기여하는 동력이 된다는 점을 확인할 수 있다. 따라서 이번 연구를 통해 제시되는 CSR 방향은 국내 기업의 글로벌 진출뿐만 아니라 우리 사회를 더 나은 사회로 변화시키는데 기여할 수 있다는 점에서 의미와 가치가 있다고 할 수 있다.