• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.2471-2477
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• 2010

lately, vehicle blackbox increasing importance and usability Is needed accuracy and variety of information. because, blackbox help to analyze the exact cause of the accident and use as objective evidence in vehicle-related crime. In the paper, to overcome the limitations of the existing black box, use various sensors and vehicle information blackbox store current state of the vehicle with OBD-II protocol using vehicle state information and store exact current location and direction information of the vehicle with Gyro sensor and GPS and use global time of GPS for synchronization of information. In addition, blackbox back the information up with wifi. because, when blackbox damaged, dirvers were able to verify the information.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.76-79
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• 2010

lately, vehicle blackbox increasing importance and usability Is needed accuracy and variety of information. because, blackbox help to analyze the exact cause of the accident and use as objective evidence in vehicle-related crime. In the paper, to overcome the limitations of the existing black box, use various sensors and vehicle information blackbox store current state of the vehicle with OBD-II protocol using vehicle state information and store exact current location and direction information of the vehicle with Gyro sensor and GPS and use global time of GPS for synchronization of information. In addition, blackbox back the information up with wifi. because, when blackbox damaged, dirvers were able to verify the information.

• The Korean Journal of Petroleum Geology
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• v.7 no.1_2 s.8
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

Methane hydrate is an ice-like solid material and it has a structure which water molecules enclose gas molecules. For low temperature and high pressure, hydrocarbon gas forms hydrate and due to this condition, it is existed in the arctic region or deep sea. Presently, the amount of methane hydrate is unpredictable, but it is assumed that the amount will be enormous. For this reason, it is expected that it will play a major role as natural gas resources in the future. However, the production technologies are stayed on the low level and the economical technology was not developed yet. Also, emission of natural gas from methane hydrate will cause global warming and thus it is considered as a critical environmental problem. In this paper, the state of the art of the production technologies and environmental effects of methane hydrate were summarized.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.130-151
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• 2018

China's cultural diplomacy is mostly understood as an endeavour to build and project soft power, which draws on three sources of 'culture, political values and foreign policy' according to Nye. This paper focuses on the debates about the vehicle and agents of China's cultural diplomacy. It starts with a theoretical discussion of the competing views in the Chinese context, and develops an argument that the vehicle of China's cultural diplomacy tries to project soft power on two wheels of culture and political values, to serve the purpose of reshaping China's image away from being the 'cultural other' and 'ideological other' respectively. However, the state-led approach to driving this vehicle is generating some side effects with its sponsorship, censorship and presence in the driver's seat. Then the paper analyses the inherent tensions existing in practice both between the two sources of building soft power and between the two means of doing so, attraction and persuasion, with empirical evidence through a comparative case study of the Confucius Institutes in the US and South Korea. The finding shows that China's attempt at reshaping its image as an Eastern cultural contestant is often disrupted by its authoritarian political values, and the state-led persuasion is often reducing China's cultural attraction. Following this, the paper finishes with some recommendations regarding evolving the cultural diplomacy approach from a vertical one that is government-centred to a horizontal one that is network-based with multiple agents, and localising its practice by engaging the target audiences as stakeholders.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.841-852
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• 2018

This paper presents a dual-algorithm search method (GWO-GSO) combining grey wolf optimization (GWO) and golden-section optimization (GSO) to realize maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) systems. First, a modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO) is activated for the global search. In conventional GWO, wolf leaders possess the same impact on decision-making. In this paper, the decision weights of wolf leaders are automatically adjusted with hunting progression, which is conducive to accelerating hunting. At the later stage, the algorithm is switched to GSO for the local search, which play a critical role in avoiding unnecessary search and reducing the tracking time. Additionally, a novel restart judgment based on the quasi-slope of the power-voltage curve is introduced to enhance the reliability of MPPT systems. Simulation and experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can track the global maximum power point (MPP) swiftly and reliably with higher accuracy under various conditions.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.303-308
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• 2011

Vehicle black boxes that have similar functions as airplane black boxes are currently being used due to the loss of many lives and properties arising from vehicle accidents. Both black-box products and Event Data Recorder(EDR) systems are currently available in the market. Most of the existing in-vehicle black boxes, however, record only external videos and images and cannot show the vehicle's driving status, whereas EDR products record only the driving status and not external videos. To address the problem of black boxes that can record only videos and images and that of EDR systems that can record only driving data, an integrated vehicle state and video recording system that uses MOST(Media-oriented System Transport) and OBD-II(Onboard Diagnostics II) and CAM (camera) and GPS (global positioning system).

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.72
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• pp.139-160
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• 2016

Using the gravity model, this paper analyzes empirically how the world trade in goods is affected by regional trade agreements(RTAs) which have been spreading rapidly since the mid-1990s. This paper attempt to do the panel data analysis about 174 countries during the period of 1994-2008. These panel data include 157 RTAs. It is meaningful that this paper uses comprehensive data to analyze the net effect of regional trade agreements on the global trade volume. This provides a clue as to the answer to the stumbling block debate raised early in the regional trade agreement. Also, confirming how the participation of the WTO affected the trade volume among the member countries, the WTO-related dummy variables are additionally introduced to this gravity model. And as far as we know, the state system-related variables is first considered in this model. This variable reflects the social and cultural environments of countries as the proxy variable representing the sociocultural homogeneity. In all regressions, joining to the WTO and consistency of the state system have a positive effect on increasing the trade volumes between countries. According to the analysis of RTA trade effects, RTAs, on average, increase the volume of trade within the RTA region by 27%~37%, and decrease the volume of trade between the regional and the non-regional nation by 1.2%~3.4%.Therefore, the net effect of regional trade agreements on the promotion of global welfare is positive. For robustness check, we also introduce the interaction term of the dummy variable which reflects the RTA tightening and the continuous variable which reflects the distance effect. As a result, the RTAs alleviate the trade-decreasing effect which is caused by the distance between the countries.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.138-143
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• 2006

This paper presents intelligent digital redesign method for hybrid state space fuzzy-model-based controllers. For effectiveness and stabilization of continuous-time uncertain nonlinear systems under discrete-time controller, Takagi-Sugeno(TS) fuzzy model is used to represent the complex system. And global approach design problems viewed as a convex optimization problem that we minimize the error of the norm bounds between nonlinearly interpolated linear operators to be matched. Also, by using the bilinear and inverse bilinear approximation method, we analyzed nonlinear system's uncertain parts more precisely. When a sampling period is sufficiently small, the conversion of a continuous-time structured uncertain nonlinear system to an equivalent discrete-time system have proper reason. Sufficiently conditions for the global state-matching of the digitally controlled system are formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Finally, a TS fuzzy model for the chaotic Lorentz system is used as an . example to guarantee the stability and effectiveness of the proposed method.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.737-743
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• 2009

Design optimization process and results of Loop Heat Pipe(LHP) using Tabu Search have been presented in this study. An objective of optimization is to reduce a mass of the LHP with satisfying operating temperature of a Lithium Ion battery onboard an aircraft. The battery is assumed to be used as power supply of air borne high energy laser system because of its high specific energy. The analytical models are based on a steady state mathematical model and the design optimization is performed using a Meta Model and Tabu Search. As an optimization results, the Tabu search algorithm guarantees global optimum with small computation time. Due to searching by random numbers, initial value is dominant factor to search global optimum. The optimization process could reduce the mass of the LHP which express the same performance as an published LHP.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

Global population is expected to reach nine billion in 2050 and the total demand for food is expected to increase approximately by 60 percent by 2050 as compared to 2005. Therefore, it is important to increase crop production in order to meet the global demand for food. Slow release fertilizers have been developed and designed in order to improve the efficiency of fertilizers. Mineral-based slow release fertilizers are useful because the minerals have a crystalline structure and are environmentally friendly in a soil. This review focuses on slow release fertilizers based on montmorillonite, zeolite, and layered double hydroxide phases as a host for nutrients, especially N. Urea was successfully stabilized in the interlayer space of montmorillonite by the formation of urea-Mg or Ca complex, $[(Urea)_6Mg\;or\;Ca]^{2+}$ protecting its rapid degradation in soils. Naturally occurring zeolites occluded with ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate by molten salt treatment could be used as slow release fertilizer because the occlusion process increased the capacity of zeolites to store nutrients in addition to exchangeable cations. Additionally, surface-modified zeolites could also be used as slow release fertilizer because the modified surface showed high affinity for anionic nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate. Moreover, there were attempts to develop and use synthetic layered double hydroxide as a carrier of nitrate because it has positively charged layers which electrostatically bond nitrate anions. Kaolin was also tested by combining with a polymer or through the mechanical-chemical process for slow release of nutrients.