• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2011

In the existing digital map of the Ver.1.0, it is impossible to make a small scale digital map, which is under the 1/5000 scale map, by using the 1/1000 digital map which is the most large scale one. Because of this reason, the existing digital maps are produced into a 1/1000 and a 1/5000 map by means of two different scale aerial photos. The next generation digital map should be successively related to a small scale digital map based on the most large scale digital one. This is so important from the aspects of data share and the consecutive renewal. Ever since the development of the digital map of the Ver. 2.0, the possibility of making a multi-scale consecutive digital map has been presented and the related research has been done again. The most basic thing in the multi-scale digital maps is to decide the criteria of the generalization between the two scales. In this study, I try to formulate the criteria of the generalization required to make the 1/5000 digital map by using the 111000 digital one. In addition, I by to explore the application possibility of the consecutive renewal by carrying out auto-generalization.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry, and Cartography Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.19-21
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• 2010

In this study, regarding to the generalization of the map, we analyze how the different tolerances influence on the performances of linear generalization operators. For the analysis, we apply the generalization operators, especially two simplification algorithms provided in the commercial GIS software, to 1:1000 digital topographic map for analyzing the aspect of the changes in positional error depending on the tolerances. And we evaluate the changes in positional error with the quantitative assessments. The results show that the analysis can be used as the criteria for determining proper tolerance in linear generalization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2019

In automatic map generalization, the formalization of cartographic principles is important. This study proposes and evaluates the selection method for road network generalization that analyzes existing maps using reverse engineering and formalizes the selection rules for the road network. Existing maps with a 1:5,000 scale and a 1:25,000 scale are compared, and the criteria for selection of the road network data and the relative importance of each network object are determined and analyzed using $T{\ddot{o}}pfer^{\prime}s$ Radical Law as well as the logistic regression model. The selection model derived from the analysis result is applied to the test data, and road network data for the 1:25,000 scale map are generated from the digital topographic map on a 1:5,000 scale. The selected road network is compared with the existing road network data on the 1:25,000 scale for a qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The result indicates that more than 80% of road objects are matched to existing data.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.121-128
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• 2001

In this paper, we define Jacobson modules which are the generalization of Jacobson rings. We give criteria of Jacobson modules and useful properties of Jacobson modules.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.291-318
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• 2002

We investigated on the primary school children's abilities of formal reasoning. Seventy students in grade 5 participated in the study. They responsed their best reactions on the problems constituted of three parts requiring the informal or formal reasoning and generalization. Their reactions are classified by some criteria depending the level of reasoning. About 10 students showed that they constructed a kind of scheme for solving the problems, similar to formal reasoning and beyond naive informal reasoning. And about 30 students did so partially. We concluded that the teaching and learning of reasoning by the progressive increasing the degree of rigor from grade 5 is possible.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.491-502
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• 2023

As a generalization of Berwald spaces, we have the ideas of Douglas spaces and Landsberg spaces. S. Bacso defined a weakly-Berwald space as another generalization of Berwald spaces. In 1972, Matsumoto proposed the (α, β) metric, which is a Finsler metric derived from a Riemannian metric α and a differential 1-form β. In this paper, we investigated an important class of (α, β)-metrics of the form $F={\mu}_1\alpha+{\mu}_2\beta+{\mu}_3\frac{\beta^2}{\alpha}$, which is recognized as a special form of the first approximate Matsumoto metric on an n-dimensional manifold, and we obtain the criteria for such metrics to be weakly-Berwald metrics. A Finsler space with a special (α, β)-metric is a weakly Berwald space if and only if B^m_m is a 1-form. We have shown that under certain geometric and algebraic circumstances, it transforms into a weakly Berwald space.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1489-1496
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• 2013

Consider the ROC surface which is a generalization of the ROC curve for three-class diagnostic problems. In this work, we propose ve criteria for the three-class ROC surface by extending the Youden index, the sum of sensitivity and specificity, the maximum vertical distance, the amended closest-to-(0,1) and the true rate. It may be concluded that these five criteria can be expressed as a function of two Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistics. A paired optimal thresholds could be obtained simultaneously from the ROC surface. It is found that the paired optimal thresholds selected from the ROC surface are equivalent to the two optimal thresholds found from the two ROC curves.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.8-20
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• 2017

When it comes to set up the BIM through the reverse engineering, the level of detail(LoD) required for finalized outcomes is different from each purpose. Therefore, it is necessary to establish some concrete criteria which describe the definition of LoDs on 3D modeling for the purpose of each reverse engineering. This research shows the criteria of the 1) positional accuracy, 2) generalization level, 3) scale level, 4) scope of description, and 5) the area available for application by classifying LoD from 1 to 6 on 3D modeling for each purpose of reverse engineering. Moreover, through applying those criteria for the 3D point cloud dataset of building made by terrestrial LiDAR, this research finds out the working hour of 3D modeling of reverse engineering by each LoDs according to defined LoD criteria for each level. It is expected that those findings, how those criteria of LoD on reverse engineering are utilized for modeling-workers to decide whether the outcomes can be suitable for their budget, applicable fields or not, would contribute to help them as a basic information.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.563-566
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• 2009

This paper presents an LMI-based method to design a integral sliding mode controller for a class of uncertain systems. Using LMIs we derive an existence condition of a sliding surface. And we give a switching feedback control law. Our method is a generalization of the previous integral sliding mode control design methods. Since our method is based on LMIs, it gives design flexibility for combining various useful design criteria that can be captured in the LMI-based formulation.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.8B
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• pp.1078-1084
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• 2001

In this paper, fuzzy-ARTMAP neural network is applied for compensating the nonlinearity of satellite communication channel. The fuzzy-ARTMAP is made of using fuzzy logic and ART neural network. By a match tracking process with vigilance parameter, fuzzy ARTMAP neural network achieves a minimax learning rule that minimizes predictive error and maximizes generalization. Thus, the system automatically learns a minimal number of recognition categories, or hidden units, to meet accuracy criteria. Simulation studies are performed over satellite nonlinear channels. The performance of proposed fuzzy-ARTMAP equalizer is compared with MLP-basis equalizers.