• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.21-33
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• 1993

This balance study was performed to investigate nutritional effects of guar gum and calcium supplement for 8 weeks. 36 male rate of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 50g were blocked into six groups : 5CN, 5GN, 5CS, 5GS, FFN, 10GN. Food intake, body weight gains, FER, PER, bioavailabity of energy, protein, fat, Ca and P, and Ca & P content of femur and kidney was measured. The results obtained in this study were summarized as follows: (1) Feed intake, weight gains, FER, PER and bioavailabilities of protein and P and the contents of Ca & P in femur of 5GB were significantly higher than 5CN and 5CS (p<0.05) but was not significant different with those 5GN. Fat bioavailabilities of 5GS was significantly lower than 5CN and 5GN (p<0.05) but was not significant different with those of 5CS. Ca contents of kidney of 5GS was significantly higher than 5CN and 5GN(p<0.05) but was not significant different with those of 5SC. (2) According to guar gum levels feed intake. FER and PER were not sifgnificantly different among groups but body weight gains, bioavailabilities of energy, protein, fat and Ca, Ca & P content of femur was significantly decreased (p<0.05). Bioavailabilities of P was significantly increased according to the guar gum levels (p<0.05). Ca contents in Kidney of 10GN was significantly higher those of 5GN(p<0.05) but P contents in kidney was not significant difference by guar gum levels. Therefore 5% supplemental guar gum in diet of obese man and diebetics could be recommended. But it should be careful in using 10% guar gum in diet.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 1988

The spectinomycin resistant strain of slow growing R. japonicum R-168 was selected to be participated in conjugation with E. coli WA803/pGS9. Tn5 was introduced from suicide vector pGS9 into R. japonicum R-168 $spr^{r}$ chromosome at the frequency of $1.0\times 10^{-5}-5.0\times 10^{-7}$ and the transconjugante were selected on the yeast extract-mannitol plate containing kanamycin ($50{\mu}$g/ml) and spectinomycin ($100{\mu}$g/ml) after 8-9 days incubation. All transconjugants we tested were found to contain Tn 5 DNA on their genome, which was confirmed by Southern hybridization experiments. R. japonicum RNa75, which had been selected through plant test, was found to be defective in symbiotic nitrogen fixing ability and the production of leghemoglobin in soybean nodules formed by the inoculation of this mutant. In addition, this mutant strain hardly developed nitrogenase activity asymbiotically in contrast with the wild type strain, indicating that some nitrogen fixing gene might be blocked in this strain and the production of leghemoglobin could be decreased by the interference in nitrogen fixing genes.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.993-994
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• 2006

현대 Mobile module에 알맞은 IP들은 고속에서 얼마나 소비 전력을 낮춰주느냐 하는 방향으로 진화하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 저전력 구현을 위해 digital block에서의 신호를 제어해주는 방법을 사용한 UWB system용 6B 2.5Gsample/s Flash ADC를 소개한다. 소개된 ADC는 2.5GS/s의 clock, 1240MHz의 input 신호에서 36,7dB의 SNDR과 5.80 비트의 ENOB를 가지며 385mW의 전력을 소모한다.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.181-191
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• 2009

To investigate the genetic variation of high-and low-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (BMW-GS and LMW-GS), granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) and puroindoline in 24 Korean wheat cultivars. At the BMW-GS compositions, three Glu-A1 alleles, five Glu-B1 alleles and three Glu-D1 alleles were identified. The high frequency of alleles at each locus was Glu-A1c allele (15 cultivars), Glu-B1b allele (16 cultivars) and Glu-D1f allele (16 cultivars). Four alleles were identified at the Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci and three at Glu-D3 locus and Glu-A3d, Glu-B3d and Glu-D3a were mainly found at each Glu-3 locus. Glu-A3d, Glu-B3d, Glu-D3b or c (4 cultivars, respectively) and Glu-A3d, Glu-B3d, Glu-D3a and Glu-A3c, Glu-B3d or h, Glu-D3a (3 cultivar, respectively) were predominantly found in Korean wheats. At the GBSS compositions, 2 waxy wheat cultivars, Shinmichal and Shinmichal1, showed null alleles on the Wx loci and other cultivars were wild type in GBSS compositions. At the puroindoline gene compositions, Korean wheat cultivars carried 3 genotypes, which 10 cultivars (41.7%) were Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1a, 11 cultivars (45.8%) had Pina-D1a and Pinb-D1b and 3 cultivars (12.5%) carried Pina-D1b and Pinb-D1a. These genetic variations could present the information to improve flour and end-use quality in Korean wheat breeding programs.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.380-385
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• 2012

Glucosamine (GS) is well known for the treatment of inflammation. However, the mechanism and efficacy of GS for skin inflammation are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanism of GS in the mouse 12-O-tetradecanoyl 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema model. TPA-induced ear edema was evoked in ICR or transglutaminase 2 (Tgase-2) (-/-) mice. GS was administered orally (10-100 mg/kg) or topically (0.5-2.0 w/v %) prior to TPA treatment. Orally administered GS at 10 mg/kg showed a 76 or 57% reduction in ear weight or myeloperoxidase, respectively, and a decreased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NF-${\kappa}B$ and Tgase-2 in TPA-induced ear edema by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Role of Tgase-2 in TPA ear edema is examined using Tgase-2 (-/-) mice and TPA did not induce COX-2 expression in ear of Tgase-2 (-/-) mice. These observations suggested that Tgase-2 is involved in TPA-induced COX-2 expression in the inflamed ear of mice and antiinflammatory effects of glucosamine is mediated through suppression of Tgase-2 in TPA ear edema.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.71-81
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• 1997

We have studied the IR properties of molecular clouds in the region of the supershell GS234-02 using IRAS and COBE data. The mean values of dust color temperature and optical depth at $240{\mu}m$ are derived to be $15.4\pm1.5K\; and\;9.0\pm5.7\times10^{-4}$, respectively, which agree well with those determined by Sodroski et al.(1994) for the outer Galaxy. Mean IRAS colors, $R_{12}/100= 0.074,\; R_{25}/100= 0.052,\; R_{60/100}= 0.219$, indicate that the abundance of PAHs is enhanced but other particles are nearly the same as those of the solar neighborhood. We found the anticorrelation between $R_{100/140}\;and\;R_{140/240}$. It cannot be explained by the thermal emission of traditional big grains. The anticorrelation implies that, at high ISRF, $T_{100/140}$ underestimates the equilibrium temperature, while $T_{140/240}$ overestimates it and, at low ISRF, vice versa. Therefore we propose to use the intensity ratio, $R_{100/240}$ as a dust thermometer.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.473-481
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• 2013

A fractional folding analog-to-digital converter (ADC) with a novel arithmetic digital encoding technique is discussed. In order to reduce the asymmetry errors of the boundary conditions for the conventional folding ADC, a structure using an odd number of folding blocks and fractional folding rate is proposed. To implement the fractional technique, a new arithmetic digital encoding technique composed of a memory and an adder is described. Further, the coding errors generated by device mismatching and other external factors are minimized, since an iterating offset self-calibration technique is adopted with a digital error correction logic. A prototype 8-bit 1GS/s ADC has been fabricated using an 1.2V 0.13 um 1-poly 6-metal CMOS process. The effective chip area is $2.1mm^2$(ADC core : $1.4mm^2$, calibration engine : $0.7mm^2$), and the power consumption is 88 mW. The measured SNDR is 46.22 dB at the conversion rate of 1 GS/s. Both values of INL and DNL are within 1 LSB.

• Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.386-392
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• 2013

Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stacks are constructed by stacking several to hundreds of unit cells depending on their power outputs required. Fuel and oxidant are distributed to each cell of a stack through so-called manifolds during its operation. In designing a stack, if the manifold sizes are too small, the fuel and oxidant would be maldistributed among the cells. On the contrary, the volume of the stack would be too large if the manifolds are oversized. In this study, we present a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model with a geometrically simplified flow-field to optimize the size of the manifolds of a stack. The flow-field of the stack was simplified as a straight channel filled with porous media to reduce the number of computational meshes required for CFD simulations. Using the CFD model, we determined the size of the oxidant manifold of a 30 kW-class PEM fuel cell stack that comprises 99 cells. The stack with the optimal manifold size showed a quite uniform distribution of the cell voltages across the entire cells.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.395-404
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• 2016

A 6-bit 3.4 GS/s flash ADC in a 65 nm CMOS process is reported along with the proposed 4x time-domain interpolation technique which allows the reduction of the number of comparators from the conventional $2^N-1$ to $2^{N-2}$ in a N-bit flash ADC. The proposed scheme effectively achieves a 4x interpolation factor with simple SR-latches without extra clocking and calibration hardware overhead in the interpolated stage where only offset between the $2^{N-2}$ comparators needs to be calibrated. The offset in SR-latches is within ${\pm}0.5$ LSB in the reported ADC under a wide range of process, voltage supply, and temperature (PVT). The design considerations of the proposed technique are detailed in this paper. The prototype achieves 3.4 GS/s with 5.4-bit ENOB at Nyquist and consumes 12.6 mW power at 1 V supply, yielding a Walden FoM of 89 fJ/conversion-step.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.274-284
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• 2013

The incidence of Broad bean wilt virus 2 (BBWV2) on red pepper was investigated using the samples obtained from 24 areas of 8 provinces in Korea. Two hundred and five samples (79%) out of 260 collected samples were found to be infected with BBWV2. While the single infection rate of BBWV2 was 21.5%, the co-infection rate of BBWV2 with Cucumber mosaic virus, Pepper mottle virus, Pepper mild mottle virus and/or Potato virus Y was 78.5%. To characterize the genetic diversity of BBWV2 Korean isolates, 7 isolates were fully sequenced and analyzed. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that BBWV2 isolates could be divided largely into two groups as Group I and Group II. Based on the partial sequence analyses, 153 selected BBWV2 isolates were subgrouped into GS-I (21.6%), GS-II (3.9%) and GS-III (56.9%). BBWV2 GS-III, which was predominant in Korea, appears to be a new combination between Group I RNA-1 and Group II RNA-2. Viral disease incidence of BBWV2 on red pepper was under 2% before 2004. However, the incidence was increased abruptly to 41.3% in 2005, 58.2% in 2006 and 79% in 2007. These rapid increases might be related with the emergence of new combinations between BBWV2 groups.