• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.127-130
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• 2004

We describe here the cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding a putative myosin light chain-2 (MLC-2) from the mole cricket, Gryllotalpa orientalis. The G. orientalis MLC-2 cDNA sequences comprised of 615 bp with 205 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of approximately 23 kDa. The deduced protein sequence of G. orientalis MLC-2 cDNA showed 64% and 54% identity to Drosophila melanogaster MLC-2 and D. yakuba MLC-2, respectively. Northern blot analysis confirmed the muscle-specific expression of G. orientalis MLC-2.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.504-509
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• 1996

Promoters which are useful for constructing expression vectors for lactic acid bacteria were obtained from the chromosomal DNA of Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis MG1363. pBV5030, a promoter-selection vector, replicates in L. lactis and Escherichia coli and carries a promoterless chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene (cat-86). After examining E. coli transformants which grew on LB media containing chloramphenicol (Cm, 20$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) , many MG1363 derived DNA fragments which encompass promoter sequences were identified. Some recombinant E. coli cells can grow at the Cm concentration of 1,000$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL. When plasmids from those highly resistant E. coli cells were purified and introduced into L. lactis ssp. lactis MG1614 cells by electroporation, lactococcal transformants showing Cm resistance were obtained. So far, five plasmids with different promoter inserts were introduced into L. lactis MGl614 cells. The maximum level of Cm resistance in L. lactis MG1614 transformants was quite low (20$\mu\textrm{g}$/mL) when compared with that observed in recombinant E. coli cells harboring the same plasmids.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.43-60
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• 2008

Instrumental studies (e.g., aerodynamic, EPG, and EMMA) have shown that the first of two stops in sequence can be articulatorily reduced in time and space sometimes; either gradient or categorical. The current EMMA study aims to examine possible factors_linguistic (e.g., speech rate, word boundary, and prosodic boundary) and paralinguistic (e.g., natural context and repetition)_to induce gradient reduction of $C_1$ in /pk/ cluster sequences. EMMA data are collected from five Seoul-Korean speakers. The results show that gradient reduction of lip aperture seldom occurs, being quite restricted both in speaker frequency and in token frequency. The results also suggest that the place assimilation is not a lexical process, implying that speakers have not fully developed this process to be phonologized in the abstract level.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2006

Epigenetic alterations are common features of human solid tumors, though global DNA methylation has been difficult to assess. Restriction Landmark Genomic Scanning (RLGS) is one of technology to examine epigenetic alterations at several thousand Notl sites of promoter regions in tumor genome. To assess sequence information for Notl sequences in RLGS gel, we cloned 1,161 unique Notl-linked clones, compromising about 60% of the spots in the soluble region of RLGS profile, and performed BLAT searches on the UCSC genome server, May 2004 Freeze. 1,023 (88%) unique sequences were matched to the CpG islands of human genome showing a large bias of RLGS toward identifying potential genes or CpG islands. The cloned Notl-loci had a high frequency (71%) of occurrence within CpG islands near the 5' ends of known genes rather than within CpG islands near the 3' ends or intragenic regions, making RLGS a potent tool for the identification of gene-associated methylation events. By mixing RLGS gels with all Notl-linked clones, we addressed 151 Notl sequences onto a standard RLGS gel and compared them with previous reports from several types of tumors. We hope our sequence information will be useful to identify novel epigenetic targets in any types of tumor genome.

• MALSORI
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• no.53
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• pp.17-35
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• 2005

A New Method of Extracting the Filter Characteristics of the Nasal Cavity Using Homorganic Nasal-Stop Sequences: A Preliminary R eportHansang ParkThis study provides a new method of extracting the filter characteristics of the nasal cavity. Korean lenis stops are realized as voiced in the homorganic nasal-lenis stop sequences between vowels. Since the only difference between the two members of the homorganic nasal- lenis stop sequences, such as [mb], [nd], and [ g], is whether the passage to the nasal cavity is open or not, the subtraction of the LPC spectrum of the voiced stop from that of the preceding nasal leads to the filter characteristics of the nasal cavity of an individual speaker regardless of place of articulation. The results suggest that various attempts should be made to extract a robust filter characteristics of the nasal cavity by giving variation to LPC coefficients and by paying particular attention to speech samples. This study is significant in that it provides a preliminary report about a new method of extracting the filter characteristics of the nasal cavity.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.177-200
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• 2007

The language socialization approach states that novices are socialized into cultural norms through participating in routine, repeated interactional acts and sequences (e.g., Ochs & Schieffelin, 1984; Ochs, 1988; Schieffelin & Ochs, 1986a; 1986b; Watson-Gegeo & Gegeo, 1986). One of the cultural norms or dominant epistemological orientations in American culture is the tendency to avoid the overt display of power asymmetry in novice-expert relationship (Ochs & Schieffelin, 1984). This study examines how this cultural preference is reflected and encoded in ESL teachers' use of routine discourse patterns in corrective sequences. Eight hours of ESL classes taught by three Caucasian teachers born and educated in the U.S. were analyzed for the study. The analysis showed that the cultural tendency in question is keyed and indexed in the teacher's routine corrective discourse patterns in the form of various questioning, elicitation, and mitigation practices. Findings support that teachers' routine classroom discourse practices represent their cultural ideologies and transfer these cultural predispositions to second language learners and that they possibly socialize the learners into the target language-oriented beliefs.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.7
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• pp.921-926
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• 2012

In order to protect the genetic resource of native horse breeds, the genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop of three native horse breeds in western China were investigated. Forty-three 600 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed by PCR and sequencing techniques, 33 unique haplotypes with 70 polymorphic sites were detected in these horses, which account for 11.67% of 600 bp sequence analyzed, showing the abundant genetic diversity of the three native horse breeds in western China. The Neighbour-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree based on 247 bp of 43 D-loop sequences demonstrated the presence of seven major lineages (A to G), indicating that the three native horse breeds in western China originated from multiple maternal origins. Consistent with the front, the NJ phylogenetic tree based on 600 bp of mtDNA D-loop sequences of 43 Chinese western native horses and 81 sequences of six horse breeds from GenBank indicated that the three horse breeds had distributed into the seven major lineages (A to G). The structure of the phylogenic tree is often blurred because the variation in a short segment of the mitochondrial genome is often accompanied by high levels of recurrent mutations. Consequently, longer D-loop sequences are helpful in achieving a higher level of molecular resolution in horses.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.27 no.1_2
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• pp.291-299
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• 2009

For $G_{\phi}$-sequences ${\phi}_i$ and ${\kappa}$-functions ${\kappa}_i$(i = 1,2,3) we obtain the most general $H{\ddot{o}}lder$ type inequalities on the functions of $G_{\kappa}G_{\phi}$-bounded variations.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.709-715
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• 1997

For a fibration (E,B,p) with fiber F and a fiber map f, we show that if the inclusion $i : F \to E$ has a left homotopy inverse, then $G^f_n(E,F)$ is isomorphic to $G^f_n(F,E) \oplus \pi_n(B)$. In particular, by taking f as the identity map on E we have $G_n(E,F)$ is isomorphic to $G_n(F) \oplus \pi_n(B)$.

• Mycobiology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.192-204
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• 2018

The name Golovinomyces cynoglossi s. lat. is traditionally applied to a complex of morphologically similar powdery mildews on hosts of the plant family Boraginaceae. The current species-level taxonomy within this complex is ambiguous due to the lack of phylogenetic examinations. The present study applied phylogenetic methods to clarify the taxonomy of G. cynoglossi s. lat. Phylogenetic analysis of rDNA ITS sequences retrieved from Asian, European and North American specimens revealed that G. cynoglossi s. lat. collections from different hosts involved several species in five clearly separated lineages. Clade I consists primarily of Golovinomyces cynoglossi s. str. on Cynoglossum. Clade III consists of Golovinomyces sequences retrieved from the host genera Symphytum and Pulmonaria. The taxa within clade III are now assigned to G. asperifoliorum comb. nov. Clade V encompasses G. cynoglossi s. lat. on the host genera Bothriospermum, Buglossoides, Echium, Myosotis, and Trigonotis. The taxa within clade V are now assigned to G. asperifolii comb. nov. The species concerned in this study were lecto- and epitypified to stabilize their nomenclature.