• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.69
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• pp.77-104
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the research trend of forest play. The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the vitalization of forest play research by analyzing the research period, research content, and research methods. For this study, 57 domestic master's and doctoral dissertations were extracted through the National Assembly Library and the Research Information Sharing Service(RISS) with the keywords of 'forest', 'play', and 'forest play'. The frequency and percentage were calculated by analyzing forest play research based on four criteria: research period, research content, research method, and research subject. As a result of the research, first, the trend of forest play research by period is from 2011 to 2021, with 49 articles (85.9%) for master's degrees and 8 articles (14.1%) for doctor's degrees. Second, the trend by research content was found to be 16 basic studies (28.1%) and 41 practical studies (71.9%). Forest play research is being actively conducted centered on practical research. Third, the trends by research method were in the order of 39 quantitative studies (68.4%), 17 qualitative studies (29.8%), and 1 literature study (1.8%). Forest play research is focused on quantitative research, and comparatively qualitative research and literature research account for a low proportion. Fourth, the trend by study subject was 56 single subject studies (98.2%). The single subjects were 52 children (91.2%), 3 teachers (5.2%), and 1 parent (1.8%). As for the mixed subjects, there is one study (1.8%) targeting children and parents, and it is necessary to conduct a study with mixed subjects. As for the study of material subjects, 42 articles (73.7%) in the natural environment, 13 articles (22.8%) in educational institutions, and 2 articles (3.5%) in the media were found in the order. Research on the home environment related to forest play is insufficient, so research on parents, children-parents, and home environment related to forest play should be conducted in the future.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.15-30
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the utilization and satisfaction of meal-kits according to food-related lifestyle among total 357 adults who had experience in using meal-kits. This study can provide basic data for effective menu composition and directions toward improvement. The participants of the study were classified into 5 groups 'health-type group', 'economic-type group', 'safety-type group', 'tasty-type group' and 'convenience-type group'. The 'tastye-type group' were found to spend more on purchasing meal-kits than other groups with the higher proportion(36.66%) of spending '30,000-50,000'won(p<0.05), which is the highest price category. The important factors that contributed to purchasing a meal-kits were 'taste'(50.98%), and 'economic-type group' showed the highest tendency of considering taste (58.46%). About half(49.02%) of the respondents preferred 'Korean-food' for meal-kits as for the type of food. All groups highly preferred 'meat'(42.58%) as the main ingredient, particularly the 'tasty-type group'(53.33%)(p<0.001). The 'tasty-type group' showed the highest satisfaction on 'convenience of cooking'(4.05), and 'convenience-type group' showed the lowest satisfaction on the 'origin of ingredient'(2.98) among groups (p<0.01). The overall response indicated that most respondents are willing to use meal-kits in the future (97.20%); and 93.28% of respondents would recommend the purchase of meal-kits to others, where 'convenience of cooking/purchase' was the factor contributing most for recommending(67.23%). Taken together, 'taste' was the most important factor for all groups. And 'Convenience of cooking' was the factor contributing to satisfaction most while 'origin of ingredient' contributing the least. It is recommended for the growth of meal-kits industry, to improve the quality of the meal-kits products and develop various menus.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 1991

Clothing and Textiles was introduced in the 1950s to Korea and has been developed. At this moment, it seems to be valuable to identify state of art of researches in clothing and textiles field. The purpose of the study was to investigate trends of subject-matter emphasis in clothing and textiles. The data were included clothing and textiles related research articles published in three professional journals from 1959 through 1990 and condensed at 5 year intervals. The identified 620 articles with clothing and textiles subject-matter emphasis were categorized in six areas: clothing construction, textiles, history of costume, design and aesthetics, socio-psychological aspect of clothing, and fashion merchandising. The results were as follows: 1. Since 1959, there has been a significant growth in terms of the number of research as well as in quality of research particulary considering the short history of the field. 2. The number of each area research was ranked as follows: 1) textiles (217) 2) history of costume (173) 3) socio-psychological aspect of clothing (88) 4) clothing construction (79) 5) fashion merchandising (34) 6) design and aesthetics (22) and others (7) 3. In the area of textiles, the most dominant area was clothing management (102 out of 217) and clothing hygenics research was getting increased from the late of 1980 through Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles. 4. In the area of history of costume, most of the research have been published through Journal of Korean Costume Society. History of korean costume was the most dominant area (120 out of 173) and history of eastern costume area was getting increased from the late of 1980s. 5. In the area of socio-psychological clothing, the research was accelated in the beginning of 1980s through Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles, while the research was decreased a· little in the late of 1980s. 6. In the area of clothing construction, it was revealed its decrease the percentage of total number of research and most of them were published through Journal of Korean Home Economics. 7. In the area of fashion merchandising, there has been continuous increase in the number of research from the late of 1970s to 1990, present. For the future direction, implications for interdisciplinary and ecological approach were suggested.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.109-131
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• 2010

Investment Agreement is to be a part of FTA, as negotiating together both trade and investment. For example, it has a separate chapter about investment in KORUS FTA contract and is more detailed and inclusive than BIT contents which are traditional investment provisions. It is called to the investment norm of FT A. The investment agreement lures a foreign investment by providing the environment which is stable to the foreign investors. Hence, it plans in goal for the economic development of the home country. In international investment, the arbitration award cases are coming out to be divided into two parts applying MFN provisions in investor protective principles and dispute resolution process; the tendency of broad interpretation and the tendency of limited interpretation. In the case of RosInvest Co UK Ltd v. the Russian Federation awarded in 2007, the arbitration tribunal interprets that the application scope of MFN provisions contain the more lucrative dispute provision than other BITs without limitations in entity right of the investor. This judgment is the same view as arbitration tribunal position of Maffezini case. The arbitration tribunal of Plama case has kept out an assertion magnifying the arbitration tribunal's jurisdiction. That is, for applying more inclusive investor-nation resolution method from different treaty, tribunal mentioned that MFN provision had to see clearly a point of applying the investor-nation dispute resolution method. Dispute resolution process providing inclusive MFN provision has both the tendency of broad interpretation and the tendency of limited interpretation. It needs ceaselessly to do the monitoring about cases of arbitration award. In conclusion, the point where MFN provisions are applied conclusively is recognized, but it is still controversial whether or not to magnify the jurisdiction of arbitration tribunal applying MFN provisions. Therefore, it does not exist clear principle in the theory or in the award eases about the application scope for entity protection provision of MFN. Hence, The Korean government of Korea and local autonomous entities needs to keep their eyes on the trend of the international arbitration award cases in relation to the investment dispute for the future. Also, Korean government or local self-governing group must consider MFN provisions when they make a contract of international investment treaty such as writing concretely the application of MFN provisions from KORUS FTA.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.29-38
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• 1987

The authors studied anxiety-depression using New Anxiety-Depression Scale (NADS) in the subjects of 2.564 male and 1,252 female college freshmen of Yeungnam University. The authors collected the reports of NADS during the periods from January to February 1987, and applied NAOVA and t-test on anxiety depression scores in order to compare them between various psychosocial factors and sexes. The results are as follows : There was significant difference in the mean average of total scores between male and female students : male students scored $33.41{\pm}8.76$ and female students scored $35.34{\pm}9.02$ (P<0.001). The anxiety-depression scores relating to the items of sleep disturbance, apprehension, facial flushing and fatigue were relatively scored higher in both groups. One hundred and thirty nine male students (5.4%) showed seriously higher degree of anxiety-depression scores of 50 or more, while eighty eight female students (7.0%) showed the sane scores. There was a strong tendency toward higher anxiety-depression scores in the students who were dissatisfied with their home atmosphere, colleges, departments, familiarity of parents am those who had pessimistic views of self image in the past, presents and future in both groups (P<0.001).

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.163-174
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• 2007

Purpose : This study analyzes prehospital care report of emergency service at prehospital stage, examines characteristics of activities of 119 paramedics and its users and aims to provide help for improving emergency system in future. Methods : Data collected were 119 prehospital care report and hospital records with 7,160 patients to emergency room by 119 ambulance from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 2006 and percentage and frequency of the data were obtained. Results : 1) Use of emergency room by 119 ambulance was increased in summer and autumn such as August(9.1%), September(11.2%) and October(13.5%) and it was more frequently used on Monday(17.3%), Saturday(17.2%) and Friday(16.1%) by telephone(98.6%). 2) Using emergency room was most in over sixties(51.8%), men(64.2%), community residents (78.3%), by report of family(50.3%) and at '09:01~12:00'(16.5%). 3) Symptoms of emergency room users included headache, chest pain, stomachache, lumbago and others as 40.6% and places where patients were found were at home(60.1%) due to chronic internal diseases at 49.2%. 4) Most of non-emergency patients(80.2%) arriving at hospital had normal pupil condition (88.4%) and clear consciousness(71.2%) and most of them left hospital after having first-aid treatment. 5) Physiological symptom tests evaluated by paramedics at prehospital stage included blood pressure(56.6%), pulse(22.9%), breathing(13.0%) and temperature(9.2%), and there was no SPo2 case. 6) Classification of severity by paramedics showed difference as emergency patients(18.0%) by paramedics and those(24.9%) by hospital. 7) First-aid treatments by paramedics at prehospital stage were promoting comfort(28.9%), hemostasis(7.7%), fixing cervical vertebrae(4.0%) and ensuring vein route(3.1%). 8) Selectors of medical agency were patients or guardians(86.2%) and emergency medical technicians(73.6%). Conclusion : To sum up the above research, it was found that percentage of using 119 ambulance by non-emergency patients was higher and paramedics performed basic first-aid treatment rather than professional first-aid treatment due to several conditions such as legal problems, range of allowance, etc. Therefore, it is considered that method to reduce frequency of ambulance by non-emergency patients and approaches to alleviate limitations of allowance of paramdeics to make them perform effective first-aid treatment at prehospital stage should be sought in the dimension of individual, organization and government.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.40
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• pp.35-56
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was aimed to identify the relationship between pursuit benefit and behavior by spectators participating security exhibition. The result of study is significant because it may provide more effective and aggressive marketing strategies to the future companies participating security exhibition, and suggest developmental direction by actively responding spectators' needs. The subject for this study was spectators who participating World Security Expo 2014 held three days from March 12 to 14 in 2014. 300 samples were selected by convenience sampling for subject of this study. 283 out of 300 surveys, excluded 17 unfaithful and defected surveys, were used for data analysis. Research tool was questionnaire which was based on and recomposed by previous researches home and abroad. The collected data were treated for analysis of frequency, reliability, factor analysis, correlation, and regression by using SPSS statistic package version of 18.0. Through the above research method and procedure, the results were as followings. First, the relationship between pursuit benefit and behavior after participating exhibition appeared positively. It was found that there was high relationship between pursuit benefit and behavior. Second, analyzing relationship of factors between pursuit benefit and behaviors resulted to effect information exploration, good use of spare time, and product purchase on word of mouth. Third, analyzing relationship of factors between pursuit benefit and behaviors resulted to effect good use of spare time, information exploration, and product purchase on re-participation.

• The Korean Journal of Elementary Counseling
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.279-298
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore the different perceptions of relationship with significant others of multicultural children with PTSD symptoms. To select the subjects for this study, Korean version of Greenwald and Rubin's CROPS(Child Report of Post-traumatic Symptoms) was administered to 97 multicultural children and 110 Korean children. Among them 20 multicultural children and 22 Korean children were determined as children with PTSD symptoms. SCT was administrated to 42 children and the content analysis of 42 SCTs was undertaken. The following results are the major findings of this research: a) multicultural children perceived their mothers, fathers, friends, and teachers more negatively than Korean children; b) only 55% of multicultural children had positive self-images while almost Korean children had positive self-images; c) multicultural children expressed psychological trauma from peers in school while Korean children expressed psychological trauma from parents at home. Lastly, we discussed implications of the results, limitations and suggestions for future study.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.614-628
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to analyze research trends and make suggestions regarding the future of information technology (IT) in the fashion industry. In this study, 437 papers written regarding IT fashion from five major journals published between 2000 and 2011 were examined. The research areas were then organized by subject and keyword, and divided into 16 high-context categories. Two IT fashion maps were constructed, one from a fashion consumer's perspective, and the other based on the fashion industry's supply chain. This study identified important trends in IT fashion such as: 3D scanners, 3D digital renderings of the human form, 3D digital garments, smart garments, mass customization, production automation, online shopping, home shopping, online communities, e-commerce, digital media, virtual reality, e-tail, the digital generation, E-CRM, and education. Data from body scans was collected and applied to production, and research on smart textiles was also carried out. As for IT fashion's service areas, the majority of the research focused on online shopping or online communication. Additionally, research done on avatars and cyber space, and studies on social networking services are shown. The results of this study indicated that a new field of research has opened and that current research has been developing. Also, this study showed what is needed to expand and strengthen IT fashion.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.89-102
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• 2014

The establishment and operation of Region-based Teleworking Centers(RTC) in Korea is in the initial stage at the moment. Although some studies have been conducted on telecommuting at home, few studies have been performed on the effects of all-out expansion and diffusion of region-based Teleworking Centers. Therefore, this study analyzed the reduction effect of commuting distance which is possible to obtain from the establishment of Teleworking Centers, based on the network in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, Subsequently, quantitative reduction of the effects of $CO_2$ were calculated from region-based Teleworking Centers. The results of the analysis indicated that region-based Teleworking Centers could reduce a total of 911 tons of $CO_2$ per day. When applying these results to 258 working days per year (according to Statistics Korea), 235,056 tons of $CO_2$ can be reduced annually by the establishment of Teleworking Centers. With quantity on environmental utility to be obtained from the establishment of Teleworking Centers, this study can be utilized as a guideline for selecting effective locations of Teleworking Centers in the future. It can also be helpful in decisions to determine the priority of extending operations of Teleworking Centers through comparisons among administrative districts.