• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.65 no.5
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• pp.652-664
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• 2022

The Kernohan-Woltman notch phenomenon (KWNP) refers to an intracranial lesion causing massive side-to-side mass effect which leads to compression of the contralateral cerebral peduncle against the free edge of the cerebellar tentorium. Diagnosis is based on "paradoxical" motor deficit ipsilateral to the lesion associated with radiologic evidence of damage to the contralateral cerebral peduncle. To date, there is scarce evidence regarding KWNP associated neuroimaging patterns and motor function prognostic factors. A systematic review was conducted on Medline database from inception to July 2021 looking for English-language articles concerning KWNP, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The research yielded 45 articles for a total of 51 patients. The mean age was 40.7 years-old and the male/female sex ratio was 2/1. 63% of the patients (32/51) suffered from head trauma with a majority of acute subdural hematomas (57%, 29/51). 57% (29/51) of the patients were in the coma upon admission and 47% (24/51) presented pupil anomalies. KWNP presented the neuroimaging features of compression ischemic stroke located in the contralateral cerebral peduncle, with edema in the surrounding structures and sometimes compression stroke of the cerebral arteries passing nearby. 45% of the patients (23/51) presented a good motor functional outcome; nevertheless, no predisposing factor was identified. A Glasgow coma scale (GCS) of more than 3 showed a trend (p=0.1065) toward a better motor functional outcome. The KWNP is a regional compression syndrome oftentimes caused by sudden and massive uncal herniation and leading to contralateral cerebral peduncle ischemia. Even though patients suffering from KWNP usually present a good overall recovery, patients with a GCS of 3 may present a worse motor functional outcome. In order to better understand this syndrome, future studies will have to focus on more personalized criteria such as individual variation of tentorial notch width.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.212-217
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• 2007

As a preliminary study for the development of electrical stimulation strategy of artificial retina, we set up a method fur the reconstruction of input intensity variation from retinal ganglion cell(RGC) responses. In order to estimate light intensity variation, we used an optimal linear filter trained from given stimulus intensity variation and multiple single unit spike trains from RGCs. By applying ON/OFF stimulation(ON duration: 2 sec, OFF duration: 5 sec) repetitively, we identified three functional types of ganglion cells according to when they respond to the ON/OFF stimulus actively: ON cell, OFF cell, and ON-OFF cell. Experiments were also performed using a Gaussian random stimulus and a binary random stimulus. The input intensity was updated once every 90 msec(i. e. 11 Hz) to present the stimulus. The result of reconstructing 11 Hz Gaussian and binary random stimulus was not satisfactory and showed low correlation between the original and reconstructed stimulus. In the case of ON/OFF stimulus in which temporal variation is slow, successful reconstruction was achieved and the correlation coefficient was as high as 0.8.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.419-423
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Inorganic component is made up largely of salt, because the criteria are difficult to split into domestic and imported ingredients, organic examined the fatty acid composition is to see a possible use as a marker using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The 14 domestic samples and 8 imported samples were collected from China, India and other countries were investigated on item of 37 fatty acids. METHODS AND RESULTS: The major components were six species, myristic acid ($C_{14:0}$), palmitic acid ($C_{16:0}$), palmitoleic acid ($C_{16:1}$), stearic acid ($C_{18:0}$), oleic acid ($C_{18:2,n9}$), linoleic acid ($C_{18:2,n6}$) among detected twenty fatty acids including 9 unknowns. The content of palmitic acid were highest as 25.2 to 50.8% of total fatty acids contents. Domestic has seen the most amount of salt in the Taepyeong salts $250.8{\mu}g$/100g, imports $135.2{\mu}g$/100g salt in Chinese Weifang salts showed the lowest content. CONCLUSION(s): The total fatty acid content has seen the most amount of salt in 352.3 ug/100g Christmas island salts showed the lowest content of $164.0{\mu}g$/100g, as a result it is difficult to distinguish the domestic salts and imported by the composition of fatty acid.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2016

Continued miniaturization and increasingly exact requirements for thin film deposition in the semiconductor industry is driving the search for new effective, efficient, selective precursors and processes. The requirements of defect-free, conformal films, and precise thickness control have focused attention on atomic layer deposition (ALD). ALD precursors so far have been developed through a trial-and-error experimental approach, leveraging the expertise and tribal knowledge of individual research groups. Precursors can show significant variation in performance, depending on specific choice of co-reactant, deposition stage, and processing conditions. The chemical design space for reactive thin film precursors is enormous and there is urgent need for the development of computational approaches to help identify new ligand-metal architectures and functional co-reactants that deliver the required surface activity for next-generation thin-film deposition processes. In this paper we discuss quantum mechanical simulation (e.g. density functional theory, DFT) applied to ALD precursor reactivity and state-of-the-art automated screening approaches to assist experimental efforts leading toward optimized precursors for next-generation ALD processes.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 2011

Oxygen sensitive functional particles(OSParticle) were fabricated by three different methods for using the particles as oxygen sensors and PIV tracers. The used methods were a physical coating method, an ion-exchange method and a dispersion polymerization method. The physical coating method is dipping $SiO_2$ hollow particles into dye solution then drying. This method is very simple, but particles are not uniform in diameter and luminescence. The particles fabricated by the ion-exchange method have very uniform diameter and well doped. However, it can not be used in water since the particles are hydrophobic. In case of the dispersion polymerization method, the diameter of OSParticles is quite uniform. The diameter of OSParticles can be changed by controlling the quantity of AIBN (2,2'-azobis isobutyronitrile). For the purpose of dissolved oxygen concentration measurement in micro scale water flows, the dispersion polymerized OSParticles turn out to be the most superior functional particles. The luminescent intensity of OSParticles was tested with the variation of dissolved oxygen concentration in water samples. As a result, the luminescent intensity of OSParticles is monotonically decreased with increasing DO (Dissolved oxygen) concentration of water.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.114-120
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• 2014

Bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the quantitative traits that are genetically inherited and affected by various factors. Over the past years, genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have searched for many genetic loci that influence BMD. A recent meta-analysis of 17 GWASs for BMD of the femoral neck and lumbar spine is the largest GWAS for BMD to date and offers 64 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 56 associated loci. We investigated these BMD loci in a Korean population called Korea Association REsource (KARE) to identify their validity in an independent study. The KARE population contains genotypes from 8,842 individuals, and their BMD levels were measured at the distal radius (BMD-RT) and midshaft tibia (BMD-TT). Thirteen genomic loci among 56 loci were significantly associated with BMD variations, and 3 loci were involved in known biological pathways related to BMD. In order to find putative functional variants, nearby SNPs in relation to linkage equilibrium were annotated, and their possible functional effects were predicted. These findings reveal that tens of variants, not a single factor, may contribute to the genetic architecture of BMD; have an important role regardless of ethnic group; and may highlight the importance of a replication study in GWASs to validate genuine loci for BMD variation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bioinformatics Conference
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• 2005.09a
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• pp.78-82
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• 2005

Three of the genus Pseudomonas (P. aeruginosa, P. putida, P. syringae) show highly different phenotypic characteristics among them. Two of the three members are pathogenic and the other is non-pathogenic. Comparative analyses of the complete genomes can elucidate the genomic similarities and differences among them. We analyzed the three genomes and the genes of them to reveal the degree of conservation of chromosomes and similarity of the genes. The 2-dimensional dot plot between the pathogenic P. aeruginosa and non-pathogenic P. putida shared higher portion of the nucleotide sequences than other two combinations. Comparison of the nucleotide compositions by calculating the genome-scale plot of G+C contents and GC skew showed the variation of location. Comparison of the metabolic capabilities using the functional classification of KEGG orthology revealed that the differences in the number of genes for the specific functional categories resulted in the phenotypic differences. Finally combination of the analyses using the protein homologs supported the evolutionary distance of the P. putida obtained from other genome-scale comparisons.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.415-433
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• 1991

Seasonal variation in size and number of floral structures was examined in two massachusetts populations of chelidonium major, a self-compatible herb. All floral charcters except for anther number per flower declind significantly during a 3 week period. However, temporal patterns were not identical among characters or between popolations. The result indicate that floral characters varied in conjunction with flower diameter,but that the pattern of changes in floral characters in response to environments may not be easy to predict. Principal components analysis was conducted to environments may not be easy to predict. principal compenents analysis was conducted tl identify the functional relationship among floral male function, and female function, respectively, perhaps reflecting the functional distinction of floral characters. Based on this pattern, the relative allocation to sexual structures within flowers was examined: male allocation was relatively greater than female allocation eary or in the middle of flowering season, depending upon populations. Temporalvariation in relative allocation within flowers was not independent of seed tield components:; different combinations of the size and number of floral characters were correlated with different seed yield components, for example, either seed size or number per fruit, during a season. in particular, allocations to attractive and male structures were highly correlated with mean seed weight only earlier in the season. These result provide some evidence that flowering phenolgy is an important comportant to be considered in the study of sexual allocation.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1037-1043
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• 2014

We extensively observed macroalgal assemblages of species composition and biomass of summer benthic marine algae at Dokdo in the East sea of Korea. A total of 102 species (12 Chlorophyta, 36 Phaeophyta, and 54 Rhodophyta) were identified in quadrats and were analysed qualitatively to define the variation patterns. Biomass in dry weight according to various depths ranged between 146.0 to 764.2 g m-2 at study sites. Mean biomass at the investigated sites was greater in the 10m depth range than in the 5 and 15m depths at Dongdo. The flora could be classified into six functional groups: coarsely branched form (51.0%), filamentous form (17.7%), thick leather form (15.7%), sheet form (5.9%), jointed calcareous form (4.9%) and crustose form (4.9%). The R/P, C/P and (R+C)/P value were 1.67, 0.50 and 2.17, respectively. The number of marine algae species and the biomass in Dokdo area were markedly reduced as compared with those in the previous studies. This result suggests possible future changes in the algal vegetation, considering coastal marine environment of this area.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.642-649
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant activity in the leaves and stems of 50 tomato accessions, in order to examine the possibility of using tomato by-products as a functional material. The extracts of the leaves (LE) and stems (SE) were analyzed for DPPH, ABTS, and total polyphenol content (TPC). Antioxidant activities and TPC differed significantly between the LE and SE of the 50 tomato accessions. TPC in LE and SE showed wide variation, ranging from 24.4 to 60.6 and 12.5 to 18.8 mg GAE/g, respectively. The DPPH and ABTS antioxidant activities of LE ranged from 10.0 to 38.2% (scavenging effect) and 20.8 to 59.0 mg ASC/g, respectively, while the DPPH and ABTS measurements of SE were 1.4 to 8.8% and 2.2 to 22.5 mg ASC/g, respectively. As assessed by the relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI), IT033117 and IT203466 had the highest antioxidant activity in LE and SE, respectively. These results will expand the knowledge of antioxidant activity and provide information on tomato accessions valuable for the development of functional foods and food additives.