• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.559-569
• /
• 2003

This study was performed to investigate the effect of whole mandarin, peel, and pulp intake of Citrus unshiu Marc on the antioxidative capacity of 15-month-old rats. Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 621.9 $\pm$ 10.1 g were separated into four groups according to body weight. The rats were raised with diets containing 5% (w/w) dried mandarin powder for four weeks. Three powders were used, consisting of mandarin peel, pulp, and the entire fruit. Total flavonoids, antioxidant vitamins and dietary fiber was highest in the mandarin peel powder, followed by the whole mandarin powder and the mandarin pulp. The body weight gains of the whole mandarin and mandarin pulp groups were higher, while that of the mandarin peel group was lower than that of the control group. Food intake and ratios of liver, kidney and epididymal fat pad (EFP) weights to body weight were not significantly different among the groups, but ratios of EFP weights per body weight of the experimental groups tended to be lower than that of the control animals. Plasma and liver TBARS concentrations decreased in all the mandarin groups compared to the control group. Plasma and liver xanthine oxidase (XO) activity decreased in all of the mandarin diet groups. Erythrocyte and liver SOD activity in all of experimental groups was not significantly different from the control group. Plasma vitamin A concentration increased significantly in all of the mandarin diet groups. That of the mandarin peel group was 4 times higher than that of the control group. Plasma total carotenoids and vitamin C level also increased in the mandarin peel group. Plasma vitamin I level was not significantly different among the groups.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.31-37
• /
• 1981

Mycelial growth and fruit body formation of Diehlomyces microsporus were best on mushroom spawn extract medium and rice bran extract medium, respectively. L-asparagine, fructose and glucose were good nutrient sources for mycelial growth. Optimum temperature for mycelial growth ranged at $25{\sim}28^{\circ}C$. Maximum mycelial growth occurred at pH 5.5 while optimum pH for ascospore germination was 6.0. Mycelial mats of D. microsporus did not survive at $60^{\circ}C$ for 60 minutes while ascospores at $80^{\circ}C$ for 120 minutes. Damages of fruit body of Agaricus bisporus caused by D. microsporus were maximum when the fruit bodies were infected at spawning and casing on the compost. The truffle disease could be controlled by basamid with $100{\sim}150 ppm$ treating on the compost after filling.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.16 no.2
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 1988

Interspecific fusion products were obtained from fusion of Ganoderma applanatum and Ganoderma luridum. Frequency of fusion was 0.77-1.38%. Fusion products were selected by the comparision of morphology and color of colony. Fusion Products had chracteristics of two parental strains and generally grew faster than the parents. Some fusants were segregated on GCM. Fusion products were confirmed by mycelial morphology and electrophoretics pattern of esterase isozyme from mycelium. Most of fusion products were lack in clamp connection but those fusion products, that were segregated produced mycelium with and without clamp connection. Some of the fusion products produced fruit body on sawdust medium.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.82-86
• /
• 2013

A new variety of Pleurotus eryngii which is named 'Gonji No. 8' was bred by mating monokaryotic strain isolated from E085D2 and a monokaryotic strain 'aerini No.3' obtained from the Mushroom Research Institute, Gyeonggi-Do A.R.E.S. The characteristics of the new variety 'Gonji No.8' is as follows. The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was from $23^{\circ}C$ to $26^{\circ}C$ on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. For the primodia formation and the growth of fruit bodies, the optimum temperature was from $14^{\circ}C$ to $16^{\circ}C$. The period of spawn running was around 30 days at $22^{\circ}C$ and the days taken after the removal of the spawn layer to initiate primodia was seven days. The hardness value of fruit body was $8,432{\pm}2,193$ $g/cm^2$, which was two times more than that of 'Keunneutari No.2'. The yield of 'Gonji No.8' was about 133 g per bottle(900cc) and it was same as 'Keunneutari No.2'.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.94-105
• /
• 1993

The genus Cordyceps known as an insect parasite forms a sclerotium in insect bodies and then produces perithecia on the single or multiple stromata produced from sclerotium. Collected Cordyceps were identified into 5 species: Cordyceps militaris, C. nutans, Cordyceps sphecocephala, Isaria japonica, and Torrubiella sp. The fruit bodies of Cordyceps in petri-dish cover were fixed by tape and put the lid on water agar plates to isolate these collected Cordyceps. The germinated spores were transferred from water agar to Potato dextrose agar(PDA) after six hours. Mycelial growth of C. nutans and C. militaris was the most successful on Hamada media and was also good on Complete media and PDA. Mannose as a carbon source was good for two species and Glutamic acid as a nitrogen source was satisfactory to C. militaris and Asparagine gave a good result to C. nutans. C. militaris and C. nutans showed similar mycelial growth rate on the media that contained thiamine-HCI, biotine or nicotinic acid as a vitamine. When conidia of C. nutans were inoculated to insects, mortality was high in Artogeia napi L, Hemiptera, Plutella xylostella and 50% in Orthoptera, 12% in Acantholyda posticalise M, but not Agelastica coerulea B. in Aphididae, C. nutans was collected from only Hemiptera in nature, but killing effect on other insects was proved. Mycelial growth and fruit-body formation were good on the media that consist of rice powder 5g, wheat flour 5g, water 100ml, but formed fruit-body was not complete stromata but a mass of conidia according to results of observing microscope.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.208-214
• /
• 2009

In this study, we investigated the effects of the number of air exchanges (NAE) on shape fruit body in two oyster mushrooms, Chunchu 2# and Suhan 2#. The suitable NAEs of Chunchu 2# were $1/10h^{-1}$ at primordial induction, $1/6h^{-1}$ at early stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at middle stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at late stage of growth and those of Suhan 2# were $1/6h^{-1}$ at primordial induction, $1/6h^{-1}$ at early stage of growth, $1/4h^{-1}$ at middle stage of growth, and $1/2h^{-1}$ at late stage of growth. In those conditions, the fruit bodies grew well. $CO_2$ concentration hardly affected the primordial formation of both mushrooms. However there were ventilation disturbances over 1500ppm. For instance, the end of pileus rolled up etc. As a result, Suhan 2# required higher ventilation compared with Chunchu 2# and the lower NAE was favorable for growth.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.88-92
• /
• 2000

Substrate improvement, maturation period and method of pinheading promotion were investigated to establish the culture method of Lyopyllum ulmarium which could obtained high yield in the short culture period. Rice bran+wheat bran (10%+10%) combination was selected from various additives, which showed vigorous growth of fruit body and high yield (133.8 g/850 cc). Oyster shells powder substance increased yield to 155.5 g per 850 cc capacity bottle. The suitable method for pinheading promotion was to stand the bottle reversely. The number of fruit bodies per 850 cc capacity bottle in this method was 27.2 stipes and bunch formation was good. When the maturation period of mycelium culture was 15 days to 30 days, pinheading period was 10 days. But when the maturing mycelium was 30 to 45 days, yield per 850 cc bottle was 148.2 g.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.228-232
• /
• 2015

'Nongjin-go' is a new breed strain of Lentinula edodes, saw-dust bag variety. It is a cross combination of dikaryon Lentinula edodes ASI 3305mut and monokaryon L5-16 of L. edodes ASI 3305(Sanjo701ho). We crossbred them by 2011 and verified productive capacity from 2012 to 2013 in Rural Development Administration. Optimum temperature of mycelial growth is $30^{\circ}C$ and it of fruit-body primodium formation is range from 15 to $23^{\circ}C$. Nongjigo is agricultured at mid-high temperature well. Fruiting body is platy-hemisphere, light brown and centralizing. And bast is formed around edge of pileus. Yield productions per period is regular than 'Sanjo701'. Plastic bag culture medium is 1.5 kilogram and culture periods are 90~100 days. As its browning of pileus in culture is a little slow, Light and ventilation is needed a lot in light-culturing. Humidity is controlled properly for its color in fruit-body growing. Tested culture medium is consisted of 80% Oak-Tree saw-dust and 20% rice-bran.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.52-63
• /
• 2019

Agrocybe spp. belongs to the Agaricales order, Bolbitiaceae family, and Agrocybe genus. In Korea, so far, it has been cultivated through bottle cultivation; therefore, this study was conducted for the development of a new cultivar using the bag cultivation method for quantitative improvement. Thirty-three gene resources of Agrocybe spp. were collected and their quantity and characteristics of bag cultivation were examined. Next, 5 kinds of crossing parents were selected based on the cultivation period and shape of the fruit body. Seven strains were selected through 3 cross combinations. The 7 selected strains and the comparative cultivar 'Cham' were cultivated in a bag. As a result, the cultivation period was 49 days for 'JBAC15-1' and 50 days for 'JBAC15-6' which are 4 days and 3 days less than the cultivation period of the comparative cultivar 'Cham'(53 days), respectively. Cultivation periods of other strains except for 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-1' were longer than that of the comparative cultivar'Cham'. The best ratio of primordia formation among the selected strains was found to be that of 'JBAC15-1' with 96.1% followed by 'JBAC15-6' with 94.5%. These rates were 3.1% and 1.5% higher than the ratio of primordia formation of the comparative cultivar 'Cham', which is found to be 93.0%. The quantity was maximum in the 'JBAC15-1' cultivar with 176.8 g per bag followed by 'JBAC15-6' with 168.7 g per bag. The quantities were 10% and 5% more than the comparative cultivar 'Cham' with 160.7 g per bag. Based on these results, 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-6', which had shorter cultivation periods and more quantities than the comparative cultivar 'Cham' were finally selected. For the selected strains of 'JBAC15-1' and 'JBAC15-6', mycelial growth was observed to be optimal on PDA medium and the optimum temperature was $27.5^{\circ}C$. The optimum pH was pH 5 for 'JBAC15-1' and pH 6 for 'JBAC15-6'. The color of the pileus of the fruit body was dark brown in 'JBAC15-1' and 'Cham' and light brown in 'JBAC15-6'. The pileus was hemispherical in shape in both 'JBAC15-1' and 'Cham'. However, the colors of the stem were different - light brown in 'JBAC15-1', white in 'JBAC15-6', and ivory in the comparative cultivar 'Cham'.

• Journal of Mushroom
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.84-87
• /
• 2017

Although ear mushroom (Auricularia auricula-judae) is cultivated worldwide, there are a limited number of commercial cultivars in Korea. Recent increase in the import of ear mushroom from China threatens the domestic farming. The present study introduces a new thermotolerant cultivar of ear mushroom, designated 'Hyeonyu', developed by mating monokaryons obtained from JBAA11 and CAA1 strains. The optimal growth temperature for Hyeonyu was 26-36?. The periods of primordia formation and fruit-body growth were 27 and 15 days, respectively. The average mushroom yield per bag (1 kg) was 350 g. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with OPA1 and OPA7 primers identified polymorphic DNA bands between the control, the new variety Hyeonyu, and a Chinese variety.