• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2008

This study was conducted to evaluate the quality characteristics of domestic as well as imported fermented skate. Three types of fermented skate products were analyzed for proximate composition, pH, VBN, ammonia-N, free amino acids, and fatty acids. The results indicated that the domestic fermented skate contained large amounts of TMAO. Also, the domestic and imported fermented skates each contained approximately 7.1 log CFU/g and $5.8{\sim}6.5$ log CFU/g of aerobic bacteria, respectively, and 585.9 mg and $384.1{\sim}398.5$ mg of total free amino acids, respectively; all samples contained high levels of taurine, anserine, lysine, alanine, glycine, proline, and ${\beta}-alanine$. For fatty acid composition, the domestic fermented skate contained 11 different types of saturated fatty acid and 16 types of unsaturated fatty acid, whereas the imported skate contained 8 types of saturated fatty acid and $10{\sim}15$ types of unsaturated fatty acid. Overall, the results suggest that domestic fermented skate is a better source of amino acids and essential fatty acids and contains more aerobic bacteria than imported fermented skate.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.55-60
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• 1985

This study was carried out to compare the change of free amino acid content in the radish Kimchi added with anchovy pickle sauce with that added with 15% NaCl solution during 30 days fermentation. RESULTS : 1. During the fermentation, the pH of both sample A and B showed the highest values of 7.3 and 7.1, respectively, and then both decreased continually to the lowest value of 4.2 at the 30th day. 2.The salinity in the juice of sample A was higher than that of sample B in all the steps during fermentation, accompanied with a slight decrease of the salinity in both cases with time elapsed. 3. The free amino-type nitrogen content of sample A was nearly duplicated in the final step than in the initial one,while that of sample B showed no significant changes in all the processing period. 4. The free amino acids detected in the both samples were aspartic acid, threonine, serine, proline, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, tyrosine, cysteine, valine, methinonine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, $\gamma-aminobutyrix acid(\ulcorner), ornithine, lysine, histidine and arginine. 5. The amounts of proline, arginine were the highest in all free amino acids during fermentation, and tasty components of radish Kimchi seemed to relate to glutamic acid, alanine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, more deliciousness of Kimchi A and B seemed to derive from amino acids of anchovy pickle sauce added to Kimci A, such as alanine, valine, phenylalanine, lysine.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-39
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• 1977

The male rats after weaning were fed with the mixed diets of rice and some cereals for three weeks in a ad-libitum method. The growthgain of rats were determined by feeding those diets and the contents of free basic amino acids level in plasma were analyzed by amino acid analyzer. The results were as follows; 1. Rice diets group was highest in growthgain and weightgain, the second was the mixed of 80% rice-20% barley, and the last was the 80% rice-20% wheat group. 2. It was similar in the contents of plasma free basic amino acids of every diet group. The contents of Lys was highest and Arg, His were low in order. The mixed diet of 80% rice-20% barley group was higher than the rice only diet group in the contents of Lys and His. but rice only group was highest in Arg. The mixed of 80% rice-20% wheat diet group was lowest in the contents of Lys, His, Arg. Therefore feeding mixed diets of rice and cereals. the contents of Lys was highest, the second was Arg and the last was His in the plasma free basic amino acids level.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.403-411
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• 2001

우리나라 남해안에서 양식 생산되고 있는 김류의 함질소엑스 성분조성 및 월별 변동현상을 구명하기 위하여 1988년 1월부터 4월까지 월별로 전남 장홍군 지선에서 양식된 잇바디돌김, Porphyra dentata를 매월 1회씩 채취하여 건제품으로 가공한 다음 맛과 밀접한 관계가 있는 함질소엑스성분, 즉 엑스분질소, 유리아미노산, ATP관련화합물, 4급암모늄염기 등을 분석하여 전보에서 분석한 잇바디돌김 초촌과 비교하였다. 엑스분질소량은 $670\~1,304mg/100g$ (건물)이었다. 유리아미노산은 28-29종이 검출되었으며, 그 총량은 $2,796\~6,277mg/100g$ (건물)이었다. 함량이 많고 중요한 유리아미노산으로는 alanine, taurine, glutamic acid, glutamine, phosphoserine 등이었다. 결합아미노산은 가수분해 후 18-21종에서 증가되었으며, 그 총량은 1,406-2,142mg/100g (건물)이었으며, 유리아미노산총량의 $26.4\sim55.7\%$ 수준으로서 중요한 함질소 엑스성분으로 밝혀졌다. ATP관련화합물총량은 $65.7\~124.7mg/100g(2.13\sim3.68{\mu}mol/g$, 건물) 수준이었다. Betaine류로서는 homarine이 모든 시료에서 검출되었고, $\beta$-alanine. $\gamma$-butyrobetaine, trigonelline은 가공 중 소실되었다. TMAO와 TMA는 모든 시료에서 검출되었다. 잇바디돌김 생야을 건제품으로 가공과정 중 유리아미노산, TMAO와 TMA가 증가하였고, 결합아미노산, ATP관련화합물, betaine류가 감소되었다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.671-677
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to examine the levels of free amino acids and identify the correlation between ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA)and L-glutamic acid contents in Kimchi during fermentation. During 2 weeks of fermentation, the acidity of Kinchi increased, i.e., the pH level decreased from 5.24 to 4.40. The content of amino acids determined using HPLC differed significantly (p < 0.05) during 7 weeks of fermentation. Over the 7 weeks of fermentation, the content of most free amino acids increased in the order L-valine > L-glutamic acid > L-glycine, except L-methionine decreased. Initially, the GABA content was found to be $72.43{\mu}M/100g$ fresh weight (fw), and it increased to $229.06{\mu}M/100g$ fw after 7 weeks. This rapid increase in the GABA content in the initial stage is considered to be due to L-glutamic acid. However, during the period of 0~7 weeks, no correlations were found between the L-glutamic acid and GABA contents.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.71-77
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• 2016

To determine the nutritional value of domestic tomatoes, the levels of amino acids, amino acid metabolites, and the bioactive compound ${\gamma}-aminobutyric-acid$ (GABA) were analyzed in three domestic tomato varieties (Rafito, Momotaro, and Medison). Eighteen free amino acids were found, and total free amino acid content was 3,810.21~4,594.56 mg/100 g (dry weight). L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) was the most abundant amino acid, ranging from 1,866.60 mg/100 g for Momotaro to 2,417.45 mg/100 g for Medison. The next most abundant amino acids were L-glutamine (L-Gln) and L-aspartic acid (L-Asp). The three tomato varieties had a good balance of all the essential amino acids except tryptophan. Total essential amino acid content was 274.26~472.71 mg/100 g (dry weight). The following amino acid metabolites were found: L-carnitine (L-Car), hydroxylysine (Hyl), o-phosphoethanolamine (o-Pea), phosphoserine (p-Ser), ${\beta}-alanine$ (${\beta}-Ala$), N-methyl-histidine (Me-His), ethanolamine (EtNH2),and L-citrulline(L-Cit). Large quantities of GABA were found in all three varieties: 666.95-868.48 mg/100g (dry weight). These results support the use of these tomato varieties as nutritious food materials.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.316-322
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• 2009

This study was performed to quantitatively analyze free amino acids in the bean sprouts of three different merchants by the parts and the cooking methods in order to evaluate the nutritional and sensory values of bean sprouts. Three merchant bean sprouts were analyzed from total, cotyledon and hypocotyls. Aspartic acid was the most common acid isolated from bean sprouts from all three merchants and was found more in the hypocotyls than the cotyledon. On the other hand, arginine, the second most common amino acid, was found more in the cotyledon than the hypocotyls while valine, the third or fourth most common amino acid in total bean sprout, occurred in a greater amount in hypocotyls than in cotyledons. After cooking, was the most concentrated amino acid in the liquid portion of both boiled bean sprouts and bean sprout soup was glutamic acid. Total bean sprouts from merchant C showed significantly higher contents of the most abundant amino acids, such as aspartic acid, arginine, alanine, serine, glutamic acid, isoleucine, leucine and tyrosine (p<0.05). After cooking, bean sprouts from merchant B showed less of a decrease in amino acid content in the solid parts than the products from merchants A and C. In conclusion, aspartic acid was the major amino acid in bean sprouts, regardless of the source, but after cooking, glutamic acid became the most abundant amino acid in the liquid part. Additionally, the pattern of release of the amino acids from the solid beans to the liquid portion during cooking was different with each merchant.

• 생약학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.43-46
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• 1982

Free amino acids and total amino acids were detected by two dimensional TLC method in some edible mushrooms in Korea. The result is presented in the Table I and the chromatograms are shown in the Fig. 1 to 6.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2001

기존의 간장 담금 용수 대신에 고로쇠와 대나무 수액을 이용하여 간장을 제조하였고 90일간 숙성시키면서 유기산, 무기물, 유리당, 유리아미노산 및 질소화합물 등을 분석하였다. 90일간 숙성시킨 후 무기질의 총량을 보면 일반간장에 비해 고로쇠수액 간장에서 약 2.0배, 대나무수액 간장에서는 약 4.4배 높게 정량되었다. 무기질 중 특히 칼슘, 칼륨 및 마그네슘 함량이 높았다. 유리당은 대조구에서는 glucose와 galactose, 수액 간장에서는 상기 유리당 외 fructose와 sucrose가 검출되었고, 유기산은 butyric acid가 월등히 높았다. 유리아미노산은 재래식 간장에서는 leucine, phen-ylalanine, isoleucine, lysine 그리고 glutamic acid의 함량이 높았고, phosphoserine을 포함한 11종류의 아미노산은 숙성중 계속 증가하였다. 수액간장의 숙성 중 유리아미노산의 증감 양상은 대조시료와 유사하였다. 총질소, 아미노 질소 및 암모니아성 질소의 함량은 대조시료, 수액간장 모두 일정기간동안 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.19-22
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• 1964

The free amino acid content of Indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella HUBNER) was analysed at various developmental stages by means of paper chromatography. 1) The free amino acids : present are alanine , arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, leucine, methionine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine and valine. 2) Proline was detectable only in the acid-hydrolyzed Indian meal moth. 3) Arginine was clearly detected only in the larva stage. 4) Tyrosine methionine and valine were increased in the pupa stage. 5) Serine, glycine and tyrosine were present in high concentration in all stages.