• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2002년도 춘계공동학술대회
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• pp.673-677
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• 2002

Cellular-phone payment system is a new innovating technology emerged in Korea since fool. Previous studies concerning the electronic payment system are usually about the payment process itself, so they focused on the matter such as security or the robustness of the process. The study from the angle of behavioral science seldom exists. This article Identifies which characteristic of the cellular-phone payment service affects to the user status (user, non-users). To do this, we used perceptual 4 characteristics in Roger's Technology Acceptance Model with one additional characteristic-security.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2001

상부 벽체와 하부 골조로 구성되는 주상복합건물은 전이층에서 수직적인 강성과 강도의 불연속성을 갖는다. 이러한 복합구조는 전이층에서 춤이 큰 보에 의하여 하중이 전달되면 설계시 매우 중요하게 고려하여야 하는 사항이다. 그러나 이에 대한 연구가 충분히 이루어져 있지 않으며 실제 전이보의 설계시 춤을 매우 크게 하여 요구되는 강도보다 큰 안전율이 고려되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 전이층의 단순화모델을 이용하여 보의 높이 및 지지면의 길이에 따른 아치거동의 변화를 조사하였다. 유한요소법을 이용하여 구조물을 분석하고 두 변수를 포함하는 헌치부재를 이용하여 그 효과를 기존 시스템과 비교하였다. 중요 변수와 헌치의 기울기는 1:1의 비율에서 사장 효율이 좋은 것으로 나타났으며, 이러한 결과를 전이보를 대신하여 사용한 결과 중력방향의 상부 아치거동에 대하여 효과적으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 응력 집중부위에서의 응력 감소와 깊이 전이보의 높이감소에 효과적으로 작용하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.57-66
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• 2021

딥뉴럴네트워크는 이미지 인식, 음성 인식, 패턴 인식 등에 좋은 성능을 보여주고 있는 대표적인 딥러닝모델 중에 하나이다. 하지만 이러한 딥뉴럴네트워크는 적대적 샘플을 오인식하는 취약점이 있다. 적대적 샘플은 원본 데이터에 최소한의 노이즈를 추가하여 사람이 보기에는 이상이 없지만 딥뉴럴네트워크가 잘못 인식 하게 하는 샘플을 의미한다. 이러한 적대적 샘플은 딥뉴럴네트워크를 활용하는 자율주행차량이나 의료사업에서 차량 표지판 오인식이나 환자 진단의 오인식을 일으키면 큰 사고가 일어나기 때문에 적대적 샘플 공격에 대한 방어연구가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 여러 가지 파라미터를 조절하여 적대적 샘플에 대한 앙상블 방어방법을 실험적으로 분석하였다. 적대적 샘플의 생성방법으로 fast gradient sign method, DeepFool method, Carlini & Wanger method을 이용하여 앙상블 방어방법의 성능을 분석하였다. 실험 데이터로 MNIST 데이터셋을 사용하였으며, 머신러닝 라이브러리로는 텐서플로우를 사용하였다. 실험방법의 각 파라미터들로 3가지 적대적 샘플 공격방법, 적정기준선, 모델 수, 랜덤노이즈에 따른 성능을 분석하였다. 실험결과로 앙상블 방어방법은 모델수가 7이고 적정기준선이 1일 때, 적대적 샘플에 대한 탐지 성공률 98.3%이고 원본샘플의 99.2% 정확도를 유지하는 성능을 보였다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1215-1225
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• 2021

인공지능 기술은 우수한 성능을 기반으로 다양한 분야에 적용되고 있지만 입력 데이터에 인간이 감지할 수 없는 적대적 섭동을 추가하여 인공지능 모델의 오작동을 유도하는 적대적 예제에 취약하다. 현재까지 적대적 예제에 대응하기 위한 방법은 세 가지 범주로 분류할 수 있다. (1) 모델 재학습 방법; (2) 입력 변환 방법; (3) 적대적 예제 탐지 방법. 이러한 적대적 예제에 대응하기 위한 방법은 끊임없이 등장하고 있지만 각 적대적 공격 유형을 분류하는 연구는 미비한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 차원 축소와 군집화 알고리즘을 활용한 적대적 공격 유형 분류 방법을 제안한다. 구체적으로, 제안하는 방법은 적대적 예시로부터 적대적 섭동을 추출하고 선형 판별 분석(LDA)를 통해 적대적 섭동의 차원을 축소한 후에 k-means 알고리즘으로 적대적 공격 유형 분류를 수행한다. MNIST 데이터셋과 CIFAR-10 데이터셋을 대상으로 한 실험을 통해, 제안하는 기법은 5개의 적대적 공격(FGSM, BIM, PGD, DeepFool, C&W)을 효율적으로 분류할 수 있으며, 적대적 예제에 대한 정상 입력을 알 수 없는 제한적인 상황에서도 우수한 분류 성능을 나타내는 것을 확인하였다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1996년도 Proceedings of the Korea Automatic Control Conference, 11th (KACC); Pohang, Korea; 24-26 Oct. 1996
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• pp.259-262
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• 1996

This paper proposes an approach in modeling a 4x60inch Allis Chalmers Hydrocone Crusher [1] hydroset and presents some numerical simulation results. The mining and quarry industry is one of the industries which extensively use hydrocone crushers, which are a family of cone crushers, for rock size reduction. Field studies have proved that if proper control and management of these machines is undertaken, they can yield an increased production output of more than 30%, in addition substantial savings in both energy consumption per unit ton produced and manpower can be easily realized. In order to achieve these economic benefits, high performance from these machines is expected. Implementing automatic control for such machines would be a great leap towards achieving both economic benefits and more effective fool-proof predictive maintenance. But, unfortunately, for such a control system to be designed, it necessary to make a mechatronical model of this plant. The plant model is able to give us an insight into variations of both the plant gap setting (displacement) and system pressure due to variable loading arising from the crushing process.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.101-120
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• 2003

The today society comes wind important position we and the economic room gets and our dietary life simple ´it eats,´ is not only the act which is primary work, ´it enjoys,´, ´appreciates´with culture dimension to execute, becoming, it fellowed hereupon and with the aesthetics idea which pursues the quality of change and life of our dietary life there is to a culture and the repast tool which is an essential width enjoyed from meaning as the jar tool and with meaning as the object and it will be able to appreciate it developed it came. The research which it sees the repast fool of the Orient and the West it is appropriate from dietary life and it uses to respect with It observes the understanding of the chopsticks and the cutlery. With the repast tool development and evolution or it undergoes the process of change and comparison analyzes becomes the all chopsticks and the cutlery with each other and the understanding for the culture collision and a culture harmony of the heterogeneous element which bisection is objective of research.

• 복식
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.110-122
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the expressional traits and internal meanings of fake design in the 2000s' fashion, based on study of art and design area. For achieving the purpose, this study performed related research works and a demonstrative analysis of fashion collection photographs. The scope of this study is from 2000 to 2009. The results are as follows. Fake design uses trompe-l'oeil which is an art technique related to the meanings of 'deceive or fool the eye'. This eye-deceiving technique has been used for a long time in the art, and particularly noticed as one of techniques of Surrealism. Art works using trompe-l'oeil express familiar and unreasonable world at the same time, and also the fusion of reality and fabrication. Fake design in design area of the 2000s makes people take daily life in unfamiliar way by unusualness and breaking the boundary between real and fake. By fake design, people can enjoy fun and a sense of freedom with amusement rather than unpleasant of being deceived. Fake design in the fashion of the 2000s uses eye-deceiving technique and also focuses on the concept of 'fake'. The expressional traits were categorized as realistic expression, surrealistic expression and fake value expression. The internal meanings were analyzed as breaking boundary between real and fake, rediscover dailiness, new attitude to traditional thinking. In conclusion, fake design in the fashion of the 2000s gives playfulness, fun, feeling of release and will be pursued continually.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2000년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.165-165
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• 2000

In the phoneme level, English stop sounds are classified with the feature of 'voicing': voiceless and voiced (p/b, t/d, k/g). But when realized, a voiceless stop is not alwats the same sound. For example, the two 'p' sounds in 'people' are different. The former is pronounced with much aspiration, while the latter without it. This allophonic differnece between [$P^h$] and [p] out of an English phoneme /p/ can be well explained to Koreans because in Korean these two sounds exist as two different phonemes {/ㅍ/ and /ㅃ/ respectively). But difficulties lie in teaching the English voiced stop sounds (/b, d, g/) to Koreans because in Korean voiced stops do not exist as phonemes but as allophones of lenis sounds (/ㅂ, ㄷ, ㄱ/). For example, the narrow transcription of '바보' (a fool) is [baboo]. In the word initial position, Korean lenis stops are pronounced voiceless and even with a slight aspiration while in the inrervocalic environments they become voiced, That is in Korean voiced stops do not occur independently and neither they have their own letters. To explain all these more effectively to Koreans, it is very helpful to use Korean Phenetic Alphabet (KPA) which is devised by Dr. LEE Hyunbok (a professor of phonetics at Seoul National Univ. and chairman of Phonetic Society of Koera.)(omitted)

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1995년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.158-165
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• 1995

A new fungible materal named Epoxy-Granite composite is applied to the column structure of drilling center in order to investigate the advanced dynamic chatateristics comparing with a conventional cast iron material. The dimensions of new colum structure are adjusted to keep the same stiffness (El value) and the manufacturing conditions are formulated based on the preceeding research experience about the development of Epoxy-Granite structural material. The two kinds of experiments are set up. one of which is for the measurement of natural mode and frequency using experimental modal analysis and the other one is for the measurement of vibration amplitude during idling operation of a machine fool. The comparison of maximum, accelerance values at each natural frequency of bending mode shows a Epoxy-Granite column have larger modal damping ratios(over 2times) than a cast iron column. The vibration amplitude of Epoxy-Granite column measued on the bed motor base and top of column are also much smaller (up to 12%) than the case of cast iron column. It is therefore confirmed that a Epoxy-Granite materal exhibits a good anti-vibrational property even if it is used under the actual operational environments of machine eool as a practical structural element.

• 대한지역사회영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한지역사회영양학회 1998년도 International Workshop School Lunch Program Expansion in Asia
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• pp.21-30
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• 1998

Sound nutrition is the basic foundation for the health of a population. Proper nutrition education through the school system can actualize the building of sound nutrition being provided at school lunch programs along with nutrition education can have far reaching impact to the health of the whole nation. In Hong Kong, the recent change over from a half day to full day school program signaled the need for a school lunch program. However, there has been no organized effort so far in Hong Kong to provide such service. School lunches are being provided by caterers who are more concerned about profits than food safetly. Alarming rates of food poisoning occurring recently in Taiwan school has further accentuated the importance of fool safety. With the advent of centralized food production technologies, Dietirians can apply their nutrition knowledge and integrate with food production processes such that safe, healthy and nutritious mcals can be produced in large quantities in a cost-effective manner serving he needs of the school children. This paper introduces the centralized food production concept, using some of the cool chill production centers for school lunch programs in the United States as examples to discuss how new technologies and management system can be integrated to yield the best outcome in food quality and safety.