• Title/Summary/Keyword: Focusing manner

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The Landscape of Seonyoo-do Park Captured in One-Person Media Focusing on Blogs (1인 미디어 블로그(Blog)가 포착한 선유도공원 경관)

  • Bark, Sun-Hee;Kim, Yun-Geum
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.39 no.3
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    • pp.64-73
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    • 2011
  • This study starts from the hypothesis that the information society has affected the layman's interpretation and production of content. Specifically, the manner and contents of communication concerning the landscape of Soonyoo-do Park in blogs are surveyed and the possibilities and limitations of this phenomenon are discussed. The following topics are dealt with. Firstly, what is the landscape of Seonyoodo Park as captured by bloggers? What type of landscape do bloggers respond to? Secondly, what is the unique way that bloggers capture and interpret the landscape? Thirdly, What are the possibilities and limitations discovered from the landscape as captured and interpreted by bloggers? Thus, 1,000 blog posts concerning Soonyoo-do Park, as culled from the Internet, were categorized into three areas, First are blog posts browsed by keywords such as 'photo', 'a photographer's visit', 'a good p1ace for taking photos', and 'landscape'. These are focused on the visual aspects of the landscape. The second category is posts under the keywords 'domestic travel', 'Seoul travel', 'travel', and 'recommendation'. They contain introductory information on Seonyoodo Park; that is, they focus cm the more utilitarian functions of Seonyoodo Park as a place. The third one is posts that record personal experiences. The subjects for photography are the bloggers themselves and their companions. As a result of studying the way bloggers deal with landscape, it was found that first, people have developed the ability to capture the landscape and interpret the landscape actively and independently. This process can be regarded as the reproduction of landscape and place. In addition, the recording of their appreciation and feeling overlaps with evaluation and assumption. One negative aspect, however, is that many bloggers dramatize and repeat similar scenes. This can be seen as a make-up of image. The limitations of this study include difficulty in interpretation because blogs, which are the objects of this study, are very subjective and personal. In addition, it was not easy to categorize posts because there were diverse images and a broad range of writing. Nevertheless, practitioners of landscape architecture should continue to monitor and use one-person media like blogs, because the relationship between modern man and the landscape can be better understood through them.

The Effect of the Integrated Therapy of Neurofeedback, Brain Gymnastics, and Oriental Herbal Tea on the Improvement of Brain Functions and the Quality of Life of Elders living alone (뉴로피드백·뇌체조·한방차를 병행한 통합요법이 독거노인의 뇌기능 향상 및 삶의 질에 미치는 영향)

  • Jeong, Eun-sil;Lee, Jung-eun;Jung, Hyun-mo;Kim, Soo-Kyung;Youn, Mee-Kyung;Lee, Eun-han
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.12
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    • pp.569-581
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    • 2016
  • This experimental study employs a pretest -posttest method concerning the integrated therapy of neurofeedback training, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea effects on seniors living alone. The purpose of the study is to identify effects on brain functions and quality of life. The study participants included 23 seniors living alone (male 10, female 13), ranging in age from 65~90. The experiment lasted 8 weeks, from December 22, 2014, to February 28, 2015. The neurofeedback training utilized the 2 Channel neurofeedback system by Braintech Corporation and was conducted a total of 16 times over 8 weeks, having two sessions per week lasting for 30 minutes focusing on relaxation, concentration and memory. Brain gymnastics, developed by the Korean Science Institute of Psychiatry, ran for 30 minutes, twice a week for a total of 16 sessions administered over 8 weeks. Participants were required to drink 3 cups of oriental herbal tea developed according to Donguibogam for 8 weeks. The results of applying integrated therapy found positive effects on brain function resulting from changes in level of tension and anti-stress quotient. Quality of life, daily life basic measurements, and depression symptoms were significantly influenced by decreases in blood pressure and blood sugar. Results of this study find the integrated therapy of neurofeedback training, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea can significantly enhance brain functions and quality of life within seniors living alone. Therefore integrated therapy involving neurofeedback, brain gymnastics, and oriental herbal tea is a necessary intervention to improve the quality of life of seniors living alone, and will improve the quality of life through healing both mind and body in a more practical and systematical manner.

The Effect of Informal Learning of University Students on Employment Competency and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on the Satisfaction Level of Team-based Learning (대학생의 무형식학습이 구직능력 및 창업의도에 미치는 영향: 팀 학습 만족도의 조절효과를 중심으로)

  • Ka, Hye Young;Jeon, Hye Jin
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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    • v.15 no.3
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    • pp.121-132
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    • 2020
  • University Students go through the development process of expertise in a single field based on theoretical knowledge they have learned in the university. Their plans to develop their careers could lead to a shift in business as they choose to find jobs and start businesses throughout their lives. The attitude of career decision making process has been changed from learning in the form of receiving and memorizing existing knowledge to learning in a more proactive and autonomous manner, and there is a growing need for informal learning. In this study, the informal learning is investigated to clarify the impact on the employment competency and entrepreneurial intention. New implications are deduced by the introduction of start-up business to the traditional approach based on the employment ability. In addition, the importance of team-work has been increased in the field of eduction and business. The impact on the employment competency and entrepreneurial intention is studied based on the satisfaction level of team-based learning. Survey was conducted on 163 university students in North Chungcheong Province from March to June 2019 and the results of the study were summarized as follows. First, it has been confirmed that the informal learning of university students has a significant impact on their employment competency, but not on their entrepreneurial intention. Second, the employment competencies have perfect mediating effect on the informal learning and the entrepreneurial intention. Third, the satisfaction on the team-based learning did not have a significant impact on the employment competency of university students by informal learning, but it had a positive effect on the dependency between employment competency and entrepreneurial intention. In these days, start-up education at universities has been strengthened. Throughout this research, the need for informal learning is confirmed to enhance the employment competency and entrepreneurial intention of the university education program. In addition, team-based learning is introduced actively to utilize a variety of information from the university students.

An analysis of the Domestic Interior Materials as the Ecological Design Aspects (친환경측면에서 본 국내 실내건축자재의 현황 조사 및 분석)

  • Chun Jin-Hie;Kim Jung-Ah
    • Archives of design research
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    • v.19 no.4 s.66
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    • pp.133-144
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    • 2006
  • According to the latest report by the Customer Protection Board, those who moved into newly constructed buildings are complaining about unidentified pains, asking for more careful selection of constructive materials for prevention of such potential problems. It is internationally recognized today that ecological materials can serve a significant factor for users' health, environmental protection and better industrial competitiveness. This study examined eco-design aspects of each interior material through web site search, in order to help customers learn about and capitalize on eco materials in a proper manner. As a result, 1. It turned out that the domestic industry are giving an impetus to releasing new eco items focusing on lower VOCs emission or addition of functional components as part of the marketing strategy. However, it is recommended that company understand significance of life cycle, and produce eco-concept materials. 2. The reliable standard for choosing the domestic material is EL, HB, GR marks. It is desirable to enhance recycling technologies and expand the sustainable consumption. customer class, since many recycled items are not developed. 3. The sourcing is a vulnerable part in terms of the concept of being environment-friendly material. Therefore, many manufacturers should design the easy knock-down products and produce the good items using recycled materials instead of new raw materials. Also solutions for making the energy from burning material should be studied. 4. The guidebook or manual with correct information about eco-materials is required to promote production and consumption with sustainable concept. 5. Many manufacturers are emphasizing ecological materials for customers, but some of them intended to disrupt customers' proper selection by promoting even unverified items to be environment-friendly.

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The Impact of Perceived Risks Upon Consumer Trust and Purchase Intentions (인지된 위험의 유형이 소비자 신뢰 및 온라인 구매의도에 미치는 영향)

  • Hong, Il-Yoo B.;Kim, Woo-Sung;Lim, Byung-Ha
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.1-25
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    • 2011
  • Internet-based commerce has undergone an explosive growth over the past decade as consumers today find it more economical as well as more convenient to shop online. Nevertheless, the shift in the common mode of shopping from offline to online commerce has caused consumers to have worries over such issues as private information leakage, online fraud, discrepancy in product quality and grade, unsuccessful delivery, and so forth, Numerous studies have been undertaken to examine the role of perceived risk as a chief barrier to online purchases and to understand the theoretical relationships among perceived risk, trust and purchase intentions, However, most studies focus on empirically investigating the effects of trust on perceived risk, with little attention devoted to the effects of perceived risk on trust, While the influence trust has on perceived risk is worth studying, the influence in the opposite direction is equally important, enabling insights into the potential of perceived risk as a prohibitor of trust, According to Pavlou (2003), the primary source of the perceived risk is either the technological uncertainty of the Internet environment or the behavioral uncertainty of the transaction partner. Due to such types of uncertainty, an increase in the worries over the perceived risk may negatively affect trust, For example, if a consumer who sends sensitive transaction data over Internet is concerned that his or her private information may leak out because of the lack of security, trust may decrease (Olivero and Lunt, 2004), By the same token, if the consumer feels that the online merchant has the potential to profit by behaving in an opportunistic manner taking advantage of the remote, impersonal nature of online commerce, then it is unlikely that the merchant will be trusted, That is, the more the probable danger is likely to occur, the less trust and the greater need to control the transaction (Olivero and Lunt, 2004), In summary, a review of the related studies indicates that while some researchers looked at the influence of overall perceived risk on trust level, not much attention has been given to the effects of different types of perceived risk, In this context the present research aims at addressing the need to study how trust is affected by different types of perceived risk, We classified perceived risk into six different types based on the literature, and empirically analyzed the impact of each type of perceived risk upon consumer trust in an online merchant and further its impact upon purchase intentions. To meet our research objectives, we developed a conceptual model depicting the nomological structure of the relationships among our research variables, and also formulated a total of seven hypotheses. The model and hypotheses were tested using an empirical analysis based on a questionnaire survey of 206 college students. The reliability was evaluated via Cronbach's alphas, the minimum of which was found to be 0.73, and therefore the questionnaire items are all deemed reliable. In addition, the results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) designed to check the validity of the measurement model indicate that the convergent, discriminate, and nomological validities of the model are all acceptable. The structural equation modeling analysis to test the hypotheses yielded the following results. Of the first six hypotheses (H1-1 through H1-6) designed to examine the relationships between each risk type and trust, three hypotheses including H1-1 (performance risk ${\rightarrow}$ trust), H1-2 (psychological risk ${\rightarrow}$ trust) and H1-5 (online payment risk ${\rightarrow}$ trust) were supported with path coefficients of -0.30, -0.27 and -0.16 respectively. Finally, H2 (trust ${\rightarrow}$ purchase intentions) was supported with relatively high path coefficients of 0.73. Results of the empirical study offer the following findings and implications. First. it was found that it was performance risk, psychological risk and online payment risk that have a statistically significant influence upon consumer trust in an online merchant. It implies that a consumer may find an online merchant untrustworthy if either the product quality or the product grade does not match his or her expectations. For that reason, online merchants including digital storefronts and e-marketplaces are suggested to pursue a strategy focusing on identifying the target customers and offering products that they feel best meet performance and psychological needs of those customers. Thus, they should do their best to make it widely known that their products are of as good quality and grade as those purchased from offline department stores. In addition, it may be inferred that today's online consumers remain concerned about the security of the online commerce environment due to the repeated occurrences of hacking or private information leakage. Online merchants should take steps to remove potential vulnerabilities and provide online notices to emphasize that their website is secure. Second, consumer's overall trust was found to have a statistically significant influence on purchase intentions. This finding, which is consistent with the results of numerous prior studies, suggests that increased sales will become a reality only with enhanced consumer trust.

The Effect of the Participative Leadership on Creative Behavior - Focusing on Unidimensional and Multidimensional Mediating Effects of Psychological Empowerment - (참여적 리더십이 창의적 행동에 미치는 영향 - 심리적 임파워먼트의 단일차원과 다차원 매개효과를 중심으로 -)

  • Tak, Je-Woon;Shin, Je-Goo
    • Management & Information Systems Review
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    • v.36 no.5
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    • pp.61-83
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    • 2017
  • The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating effects of psychological empowerment between participative leadership and creative behavior. Especially, it aims to analyze the unidimension and multidimension of psychological empowerment in an integrated manner, and to suggest effective practice of participative leadership together with theoretical and methodological implications. In this study, the dependent variable was measured separately with time lag as a method to solve the common method bias that can be shown by the self-report type survey method, and positive emotions and negative emotions expressing emotional states in job situations were employed as control variables along with rank. A total of 283 questionnaires were collected from employees who work for companies in various industries with more than 300 domestic employees. SPSS PROCESS macro program('model 4') was used for statistical analysis. Results, First, the full mediation effect of psychological empowerment(unidimension) was confirmed in the relationship between participative leadership and creative behavior. Second, the analysis of the multidimension of psychological empowerment revealed the full mediating effect of meaning, self-determination, and impact, and the mediating effect of competence was not significant. Third, as a result of comparing the mediating effects of unidimension of psychological empowerment and the mediating effects of multidimension, the magnitude of mediating effect of unidimension was found to be much greater than mediating effect of multidimension. And The magnitudes of the three multidimensional mediating effects were similar. This is a case in which the motivational model of participative leadership revealed in the overseas study is proven in the domestic management environment and is significant in that it is the basis of future research. Based on the results of the empirical studies, the implications and limitations of the study and future research directions are presented.

The Practice of Funerary and Ancestor Memorial Service and the Theory of Jongbeob in the Eighteenth Century: Focusing on Seongho Lee Ik (星湖 李瀷)'s Discussion on Seungjung (承重) and Yiphu (立後) (18세기 상(喪)·제례(祭禮) 실천과 종통(宗統)의 이상 - 성호(星湖) 이익(李瀷)의 승중(承重)·입후(立後) 논의를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Nam Yi
    • (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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    • no.35
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    • pp.387-414
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    • 2009
  • This paper looks into the Confucius customs of Yiphu and Seungjung, that is respectively a problem of deciding the successor of the family and a matter of establishing Jongtong (宗統: the proper inheritance line of the family), especially concerning the funerary and ancestor memorial services through Seongho Lee Ik's discussion on proprieties, whose Yeahak (禮學: Studies on Proprieties) is representative of the eighteenth century Yeahak. Seongho Lee Ik sees that there is one penetrating principle that should apply the same concerning Jongtong, regardless whether it is for the state or for a family or whether it is for the royal family or for the gentry in or out of the state service. To establish this one penetrating principle, he emphasizes the manners that fit one's circumstance and social standing, proposed as the theory and practice of 'Seoin-garyea (庶人家禮: Proper customs that even common people with no official titles can practice in marking their important life events like coming-of-age, marriage, and death)'. These two aspects of Seongho seem at odds with each other at a glance. Yet given that he considers that keeping proprietary manners for their own social standings would help secure the fundamental social order, which is of supreme importance to him, it makes sense. Next, the most problematic issues about Seongjung and Yiphu are the timing when one can declare the 'absence of the patriarch' and the manner how one substitutes oneself for the absent patriarch. Seongho sees that it is one thing to 'inherit the Jongtong' and it is another to 'become a next patriarch'. Basically, he does not separate the problem of Jongtong by one's social standings. The real situation involved can be different based on one's social standing, he readily acknowledges. Yet, 'the unchangeable ethical principle between the father and the son' would prevail over the same regardless of classes, he insists. This attitude of his is in line with his philosophy of proprieties and his practical guidance that proposes 'Seoin-Garyea' with an appeal to establish fundamental social order based on the practice of proper manners in accordance of one's social standing as he philosophizes the rules of Jongtong on the base of the one penetrating principle.

A Study on the Influence of the Quality of the Care Service of the Caregivers in a Nursing Hospital for the Elderly in the Intent of Reuse: Focusing on Chinese-Korean Caregivers (노인요양병원 간병인의 돌봄서비스 질이 재이용의도에 미치는 영향 연구: 중국동포 간병인을 중심으로)

  • Song, In Sik
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.20 no.5
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    • pp.456-467
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    • 2019
  • The rapid aging of South Korea is causing difficulties in meeting the man-power demands for the increasing number of elderly nursing hospitals. To cope with this gap in supply and demand, more foreign workers are now being hired to provide elderly care services. The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the quality of the care services provided by foreign caregivers in nursing hospitals for the elderly. For this purpose, the researcher surveyed 249 senior citizens who are receiving care services from Chinese-Korean caregivers in six elderly nursing hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi region. The data collected from the survey were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS. The result of the analyses showed that, first, the quality factors of the care services of the caregivers at elderly nursing hospitals, such as reliability, responsibility, empathy, formality, and expertise, all turned out to have a positive correlation with the trust in, satisfaction with, and intent to revisit the institute. Second, thefluencing factors for the qualities of the care services by Chinese-Korean care givers in elderly nursing hospitals included responsiveness, materiality, and expertise, while the factors that influenced satisfaction with significance included trust, materiality, and expertise. Also, the trust in and satisfaction with the institution both influenced the intent of revisit in a positive manner. Third, the indirect effect of trust in the relationship between the quality of the care services by the Chinese-Korean care givers and satisfaction, appeared in all independent variable except for responsiveness, which was a factor of the quality of the care services. And, it was also shown that the satisfaction level had an indirect effect in the relationship between trust and revisiting intent. The result of this study implicates that, in order to cause the quality of the care service by the Chinese-Korean care givers in elderly nursing hospitals to increase the revisit rate, it would be necessary to provide a strategy to increase the levels of trust and satisfaction through a higher quality level of care services.

The aesthetics of irony in repetition and the difference of Oh! Soojung (<오! 수정>의 아이러니 미학 - 반복과 차이의 구조를 중심으로)

  • Suh, MyungSoo
    • 기호학연구
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    • no.57
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    • pp.121-153
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    • 2018
  • In terms of the story told, we see that Oh! Soojung(Virgin Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors) is a film of the ideololgy of masculinity. However, from the point of view of the manner of presenting story, Oh! Soojung is a film that aims to devalue this ideology. How will it be possible? This is the principle of the irony that the speaker, by saying P, wants to make Q listen that devalues and contradicts P. Our study is tempted to explain the process of interpreting the irony in the film. The ideology of the film occurs when the presupposed contents have become the subject. For example Cendrion who tells a story of a girl married to a prince presupposes that the girl, Cendrion, is obedient. The subject of this story is that the presupposition: /the girls who want to be happy must be obedient/, which represents the ideology of masculinity. Presupposed content thus imposes on the public a collective and conservative value, as its enunciator belongs to the collective voice. Since ironisation occurs when the utterance itself is annulled, one must also deny or cancel the story told of Oh! Soojng: /Jeahun who is rich and Soojung who is obedient and virgin have become lovers/. Since there is no semantic mark within the utterance, irony is a voice that comes from without; this is how we understand irony in a purely pragmatic way. The outer voices are two things: the way to build the story: question of focusing, ocularization and auricularization, and the way to present the story: question the order, the frequency or the plot. Our study is focused on the question of frequency at Oh! Soojung which has a repetition structure in which the memory of Jeahun and that of Soojung are represented one after the other. Since the memories of two characters are not identical, the repetition is accompanied by differences. The differences at first allow the public to build their own story from the di?g?se of the film and then make the audience fall into confusion where we can not be certain of what we see and know in the di?g?se of the film, and finally make their knowledge questionable. About repetition, so that it can have validity in terms of the informativeness of the utterance, it must deny the existence of the previous repetition. This is how repetition cancels itself and consequently the utterance. We see that the irony of Oh! Soojung occurs by repetition with differences that cancels the story of the film.

Transition of the Views on the Mudang Gut Chum (shamanistic dance) (무당굿춤을 바라보는 시각의 전환 - 서울굿과 황해도굿을 중심으로 -)

  • Hong, Tea-Han
    • (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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    • no.37
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    • pp.33-60
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    • 2018
  • This article is to present that the research on the Mudang Gut Chum should be within the context of the performance of Mudang Gut and examines its meanings and implications with focus on Seoul Mudang Gut Chum and Hwanghae-do Mudang Gut Chum. Seoul and Hwanghae-do Mudang Gut Chums do not exist in the form of simple dance or movement. They feature continuity while serving the function of revealing the existence of spirit and sometimes show the process of the spirit joining the Gut ritual, which means that the Mudang Gut Chum should not be understood as the dance itself only. Instead, care attention should be paid to the status of the tune of Gut where the dance is placed, relationship between the gut and the spirit, and the flow of narrativity. Also, the Mudang Gut Chum has a lot to do with the tune. Looking at the Mudang Gut Chum simply focusing on dancing steps, and the movement of feet and/or hands fails to gain an accurate understanding of the fundamentals of the Mudang Gut Chum. Closely connected to the tune, which is also associated with the grade of the spirit, the dance shows a variety of performances conducted by entering the Gut ritual of the spirit. In that respect, complex views on the Mudang Gut Chum are required. The same applies to the hereditary shaman Mudang Gut as well. The Korean Mudang Gut Chum has a slight difference between the Gangshinmu gut and the hereditary gut but is in basically the same aspect. The Gut Chum holds its meaning in the flow of gutgeori (tune or dance performed during exorcism, a shaman song) and delivers its own meaning in connection with the tune. It is definitely meaningful to focus on the individual movements of a dancing shaman but one should be able to derive the network of meanings that such movements have within the performance of the gutgeori, which means that intensive studies on the field performance and circumstances should be completed before studying the Mudang Gut Chum. In addition, the Mudang Gut Chum discloses the characteristics of the performance group. The Mudang Gut Chum exists in a complex manner. With respects to the status of the spirit, it shows the characteristics of the performance group. It represents the progress of Gut while closely connected with the tune. Therefore, the way of describing the Mudang Gut Chum should be far more than just simply keeping the dance notations. With this in mind, one should investigate and record the Mudang Gut Chum.