• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.43-51
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• 2012

This study was carried out to observe the impacts of a mouse's inhalation of toxic gas SO2 generated from combustion on its organs by different concentrations. As for research methods: First, after concentrations of SO2 generation from combustion had been set to three: low (10.4 ppm), middle (24.9 ppm) and high (122 ppm) through Gas Toxicity Testing Method (KS F 2271) and SO2 combustion gas was exposed to eight mice in each concentration. Five mice that were able to move based on LD50, a criterion, which sets the down time of a mouse's average behaviors to over 9 minutes, were randomly selected in each concentration, and they were set up as the subjects of the study on toxicity bio-markers. Second, tissues were taken from heart, liver, lungs, spleen and the thymus gland of the mice selected in each concentration and a pathological examination of them was carried out. As a result, microvascular congestion appeared in the heart, and cell necrosis, cortex congestion and tubule medulla congestion, etc. in each concentration were observed in addition to vascular congestion in liver, lungs, spleen and the thymus gland. Also, it was found that the higher the concentrations of SO2 exposure is, the greater, the changes in the organs get. Through this study, SO2 of various toxic gases generated from fire turned out to affect the tissues of each organ of a mouse, it is expected that the toxic gases may greatly affect human body in case of actual fire, and this study is evaluated as having a significance as a basic data on inhalation toxicity assessment of toxic substances generated in combustion.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2019

휴대용 전자기기의 시장이 성장함에 따라서 Lithium Ion Battery(LIB)의 수요 또한 증가하고 있다. LIB는 다른 2차 전지에 비해 높은 효율성을 보이지만 열 폭주(Thermal runaway)로 인한 폭발/화재의 위험성이 있다. 특히나 대용량 LIB cell을 탑재한 Electric Vehicle(EV)의 경우 화재로 발생하는 대량의 독성 가스로 인한 위험성 또한 존재한다. 따라서 사고 피해를 최소화하기 위한 EV 화재로 발생하는 독성 가스의 위험성 분석이 필요하다. 이 연구에서는 EV의 화재로 발생하는 독성 가스의 유동을 전산유체역학(Computational Fluid Dynamic; CFD)을 이용하여 해석하였다. 문헌 조사 결과와 국내 EV 자료를 기반으로 시나리오를 설정하여 시나리오 발생 경과시간에 따른 독성 가스의 확산을 수치 해석하여 위험성에 대하여 분석 하였다. 이 연구는 EV 화재로 인한 독성 가스의 위험성을 분석하여 사고 발생에 의한 인명, 재산피해를 최소화하는데 의의를 가진다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.128-132
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• 2007

Thermal Imaging systems are reported to be crucial for fire fighting and beginning to be used by fire fighters. The performance of thermal imaging system is determined by both the radiation of infrared from the target and the attenuation of infrared signal in the optical path by the absorption, scattering, diffraction and reflection. In the scene of fire, water drops with various sizes such as vaporized water, wafer mist from sprinkler, and wafer to suppress the fire reside with various gas generated by burning. To measure the transmission of infrared radiation in the scene of fire, fire simulating system and thermal imagers with cooled detector which detects $3{\sim}5{\mu}m$ infrared and uncooled detector fabricated by the MEMS technology which detects $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$ infrared. are made. With thermal imagers and Ire simulating system, the change of thermal image with respect to the change of visibility controlled with the burned fas was measured. It was found that the transmission of infrared was not reduced by the burned gas, which could be explained by the long wavelength of infrared ray compared with visible ray. However, the transmission of infrared ray was largely reduced by the combination of burned gas and water mist supplied by sprinkler. This is contrary to the results of calculated transmission through the pure water mist and shows that the transmission of infrared ray is mostly affected by the compounds of water mist and burned gas. In this case, it was found that the uncooled detector which detects $8{\sim}12{\mu}m$ infrared ray is better than cooled detector which detects $3{\sim}5{\mu}m$ infrared ray for fire fighting.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2008년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.456-460
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• 2008

This study was on basic step to develop a good clean extinguishing agent. In order to get a satisfactory result, we tested fire extinguishing ability using Novec which is inert gas. In study used to Cup Burner Test its made by international standard ISO-14520 regulations of gaseous extinguishing agent ability test. The finding is that a new clean agent, Novec has a very efficient extinguishing ability in a state of gas.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2010

Water mist fire suppression system is environmental system and needs a flange pump to jet water. In this research, high pressure Nitrogen cylinder is used as a pressurizing source instead of flange pump, and also we tried to find the possibility of using compressed Nitrogen as a fire suppression agent. As a result, it was possible to design water mist fire suppression system with Nitrogen cylinder and suppress oil fire effectively. With DK1.58 nozzle, the optimum Nitrogen pressure was 80bar and the pressure was stable during water mist spray. However, jet of Nitrogen was not effective fire suppression agent when it was dually used with water mist because water mist has blown away, and it is efficient way to use compressed Nitrogen as a pressurizing source only.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.344-350
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• 2006

The present study investigates the characteristics of fire-driven heat flows and gas concentration in a compartment fire by using the modified VHS model (MVHS). The main idea of this model is to add some source terms for combustion products and oxygen consumption to the original VHS model for providing more accurate and useful information on gas concentration distributions as well as thermal fields. It is found that the present MVHS model shows fairly good agreement with the experimental data and the eddy breakup combustion model. The tilting angle of fire plume calculated by MVHS is larger than that of EBU model because the fire source of VHS is affected by ventilating flow less than EBU. However, this discrepancy is apparently reduced in the downstream region of fire source.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2000

When fire and explosion accidents have occurred due to a leak of the flammable gas involving the LNG & LPG in an industrialized society, it is a very important problem. Accordingly, in this paper, we have compared and analyzed the occurrence transition and the electrostatic energy according to dust supplies and pressure variations for the electric charge due to the gas-solids of pipe flow. As the experimental results, if dust amounts and the initial pressure increased, electric charge in the pipe and the exit increased. The Specific charge of $Fe_2O_3$ increased proportionally if the initial pressure increased but if the quantity of dust increased, the specific charge decreased. Energy increased significantly as the dust amounts and the initial pressure increased. The possibility of fire and explosion exist in the measuring point(M 1) and the Faraday cage if natural gas and LPG were used.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.39-44
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• 2009

In order to prevent fire and explosion due to the electrostatic discharge at the Gas Station etc. This result will be applied to standard in the future. Wearing the non-electrostatic removing wear, Charged voltage of human body is 3,980V(MIE is approximately 0.79mJ). There is a possibility of fire explosion because the MIE of LP gas is 0.25mJ. In accordance with using period(whasing times), Charged voltage is shown that propensity is increased. Electrostatic charge amount is upper standard($0.6{\mu}$C) of the hazard of electrostatic removing wear. There is a possibility of fire and explosion. Therefore, countermeasure and management are needed about gas station worker.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.1-4
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• 2015

본 연구는 벌크로리 이 충전중 가스누출로 인해 화재가 발생하여 주변의 식당 등 2차적인 피해를 준 가스사고에 대해 위험성평가를 DNV사의 PHAST-RISK v6.7 program을 활용하여 제트화재시 영향면적, 복사열 농도 및 피해영향거리 등 가스 누출 확산 피해범위에 대해 도출하여 충전중 가스사고를 사전에 예방하고자 한다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.48-54
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• 2004

The recent Ire incident in an elementary school of Chonan city causes the media focus on the fire safety of residential container buildings. In this study, real fire tests were conducted in this kind of buildings. Combustion products including $O_2,\; CO_2,\;CO,\;NOx,\;SOx,\;HCI,\;HCN$ were measured, and blood samples of lab rats were analyzed in terms of Co-Hb, Glucose, AST(GOT), ALT(GPT), in order to investigate the hazard-reduction effects of employing gas mask protected with filter during the fire emergency of residential container buildings. According to the test results, whether or not employing the filter showed a sheer difference in the toxicity of the fire-induced gases, and then the importance of wearing a gas mask was evidently demonstrated.