• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.5 no.3 s.18
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2005

This study is intended to examine the effect of photoluminescent exit path markings in the event of failure of both the power and back-up power to the lighting and illuminated exit sign. To achieve the purpose, the test house was exhibited in Fire EXPO '05. 520 visitors were examined from May 26-29, 2005. The results of this study are as follows; The evacuation from buildings in dark conditions showed that 70% of men and 72% of women were crawled along the wall. Meanwhile, 88% of men and 83% of women were evacuated with ordinary walking in photoluminescent exit path markings. The photoluminescent exit path markings located on public buildings floors will aid in evacuation from buildings in the event of failure of the power to the lightings and illuminated exit signs.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.102-111
• /
• 1998

This study was concerned with the development of a heavy duty rust-converting agent, the function of which is to form metal complex coatings, containing vinyl halide-acrylic terpolymer emulsion, defoamer, emulsifying agent, glass flakes, chelating agent such as gallotannic acid, gallic acid, and pyrogallic acid, and other additives. The resulted emulsion products(Sample No.1~No.5) were characterized through test either in the forms of emulsions, which include Viscosity, Penetration rate, Acidity and Film drying rate test, or in the forms of coated layer on rusty steel substrates by FT-IR, which include hardness, gloss, salt spray, adhesion and flame retardant test. The test results are as follows ; Penetration rate(0.1~0.4 mm/min), Solid content(70%), Acidity (pH 1.8~2.0), Specific gravity(1.30~1.35), Film drying rate(108min, RH 40% ; 150min, RH 80%), Gloss(83~92, incident angle $60^{\circ}$; 88~97, incident angle $85^{\circ}$), Pencil hardness(4H~5H), Adhesion (100/100), Salt spray test(>720Hr), LOI(%) value(38%), Vertical burning test(UL 94-v-l). According to the various performance of specimens show above, the evaluation of the availability of this heavy duty rust-converting agent can be concluded that all the samples(No.1~No.5) are capable of being used in the field of chemical plant and in the hazard areas of fire and explosion potential. It was observed that the properties of sample No.2, especially gloss and hardness, were much better than that of the other samples.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
• /
• v.2 no.4 s.7
• /
• pp.117-122
• /
• 2002

A large number of accidents at an underground place have been happening, including the gas explosion under construction of subway, the fires of underground utility and underground shopping malls, and other explosion, at home and abroad recently. These accidents make the function of a city ineffective due to the paralyses of electricity and communications net as well as the loss of property, and cause people to feel unsecured with accompaniment of a heavy of toll of lives. This study suggests safety assessment items and fire protection assessment technique for underground shopping malls by extracting dangerous elements in the management stage through examination of related accidents, documents and present conditions.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.64-71
• /
• 2004

This paper describes the result of the pump room fire analysis of the nuclear power plant using CFAST fire modeling code developed by NIST. The sensitivity studies are performed over the input parameters of CFAST: the constrained or unconstrained fire, Lower Oxygen Limit (LOL), Radiative Fraction (RF), and the opening ratio of the fire doors. According to the results, a pump room fire is the ventilation-controlled fire, so it is adequate that the value of LOL is 10% which is also the default value. It is anlayzed that the Radiative Fraction does not affect the temperature of the upper gas layer. It is appeared that the integrity of the cable located at the upper layer is maintained except for the safety pump at the fire area and the Conditional Core Damage Probability (CCDP) is 9.25E-07. It seems that CCDP result is more realistic and less uncertain than that of Fire Hazard Analysis (FHA).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2017

According to the National Fire Data System (NFDS), more than 5,000 vehicle fires have occurred every year for the last 10 years. Vehicle fires are primarily caused by mechanical (breaking system and engine), electrical (wiring and battery), and chemical (oil and fuel gas leakage) problems. The electrical factor has increased with the installation of driver convenience equipment. For example, today, the black box is widely used to provide video data recording of motor vehicle accidents. The black box consists of a front camera, rear camera, and wires. The black box wires are directly connected to the junction box or fuse box from the start battery that operates to provide normal on power supplying for engine stop. It is extremely dangerous when the wires short circuit due to insulation aging, mechanical and electrical stress, etc. In this study, the black box wiring fire risk have been analyzed and investigated when the steady state and abnormal operations, and under the following conditions: wiring arrangements with a high temperature condition, insulation aging, poor contact, and short circuits. The results showed that black box wiring short circuits had a higher fire risk than the other fire hazard elements. To prevent fire hazards caused by black box wiring, the black boxes must be installed by qualified service personnel. Do not modify the wiring, remove the fuse and secure the wiring using cable ties or insulation tape.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.02a
• /
• pp.555-560
• /
• 2007

This paper focused on the ways of disater prevention and risk analysis of the passengers setting up the hypothesis when urban rapid transit broke out fire in subway tunnel which is PSD(Platform Screen Door) installed environment. compared the flud dynamic changes and evacuation specifications whether PSD being installed or not, tried to search the effective ways for sustaining passengers safety.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2007.02a
• /
• pp.250-253
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this research is focussed on the numerical predictions of the heat and smoke propagations for a passenger train fire in an underground subway tunnel for different air supply and extraction flowrates. The analysis is performed for one of the stations on subway line #5 in Seoul under the emergency operation mode for different air supply and extraction flowrates. Five different the air supply and extraction flowrates are considered for the numerical analyses. The numerical results show that the air supply and extraction flowrates affect the smoke control performance significantly by improving the smoke removal performance for the balanced control of air supply and smoke extraction and for the unbalanced control with lager smoke extraction than air supply.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.145-151
• /
• 2014

Not only in Korea, but also in other countries, most helicopter accidents occur at low altitude. Analysis on accidents data collected both in Korea and other countries has brought two conclusions. Firstly, helicopter operations during the night hours carries a high risk. Secondly, the most common cause of night hour operations is loss of control due to the flight illusion. As an operation relying on a night vision in particular has a very high accident hazard, accompanying instruments such as NVG are ought to be provided. Hence, a thorough preparation and inspection on missions for night forest fire extinguishing should be required and perfect guidelines/road maps and enough training programs for the operation should be provided before the engagement in missions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2012.04a
• /
• pp.412-415
• /
• 2012

본 논문에서는 냉온정수기 등의 온수조의 온도 조절 및 온도과승방지를 위해 주로 사용되는 바이메탈 서모스탯 외부 표면의 오손에 따른 화재 위험성에 대하여 실험, 분석하였다. 실험 분석결과, 서모스탯 표면의 극간 간격에 관계없이 절연물 표면의 오염에 의해 절연물 표면에 누설전류가 흘러 탄화되면서 화재로 이어지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 바이메탈 서모스탯의 외부 오염에 의한 화재 예방을 위하여 불연성 재질의 서모스탯으로 하거나 외부 물기 등의 영향을 받지 않는 구조로 개선할 필요가 있음을 확인할 수 있었으며, 제품자체의 안전뿐만 아니라 사용 환경 등을 고려한 안전설계가 요구된다. 연구결과는 관련 규정의 개선과 바이메탈 서모스탯과 관련된 화재원인 규명에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2008.04a
• /
• pp.168-172
• /
• 2008

The flame retardancy by the addition of clay was evaluated to present as the fundamental data to decrease the fire hazard of polymers and life losses. The flame retardancy was examined to increase flame retardancy and to decrease smoke yield of epoxy by the addition of clay such as montmorillonite. For this study, the experiments of flame retardancy were conducted as follows : the measurement of the limiting oxygen index(LOI), char yield, and smoke density. As MMT concentration increased, epoxy/MMT composite increased LOI and char yield with the decreased smoke density.