• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.147-152
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• 2015

We designed, fabricated, and tested the capacitive microsensors for skin piloerection monitoring. The performance of the skin piloerection monitoring sensor was characterized using the artificial bump, representing human skin goosebump; thus, resulting in the sensitivity of $-0.00252%/{\mu}m$ and the nonlinearity of 25.9 % for the artificial goosebump deformation in the range of $0{\sim}326{\mu}m$. We also verified two successive human skin piloerection having 3.5 s duration on the subject's dorsal forearms, thus resulting in the capacitance change of -6.2 fF and -9.2 fF compared to the initial condition, corresponding to the piloerection intensity of $145{\mu}m$ and $194{\mu}m$, respectively. It was demonstrated experimentally that the proposed sensor is capable to measure the human skin piloerection objectively and quantitatively, thereby suggesting the quantitative evaluation method of the qualitative human emotional state for cognitive human-machine interfaces applications.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.667-675
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• 2018

When a financial time series consists of daily (closing) returns, traditional volatility models such as autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and generalized ARCH (GARCH) are useful to figure out daily volatilities. With high frequency returns in a day, one may adopt various multivariate GARCH techniques (MGARCH) (Tsay, Multivariate Time Series Analysis With R and Financial Application, John Wiley, 2014) to obtain intraday volatilities as long as the high frequency is moderate. When it comes to the ultra high frequency (UHF) case (e.g., one minute prices are available everyday), a new model needs to be developed to suit UHF time series in order to figure out continuous time intraday-volatilities. Aue et al. (Journal of Time Series Analysis, 38, 3-21; 2017) proposed functional GARCH (fGARCH) to analyze functional volatilities based on UHF data. This article introduces fGARCH to the readers and illustrates how to estimate fGARCH equations using UHF data of KOSPI and Hyundai motor company.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.2403-2409
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• 2014

Absolute isotope ratio is a critical constituent in determination of atomic weight. To measure the absolute isotope ratio using a mass spectrometer, mass discrimination factor, $f_{MD}$, is needed to convert measured isotope ratio to real isotope ratio of gas molecules. If the $f_{MD}$ could be predicted, absolute isotope ratio of a chemical species would be measureable in absence of its enriched isotope pure materials or isotope references. This work employed gravimetrically prepared isotope mixtures of argon (Ar) to obtain $f_{MD}$ at m/z of 40 in the magnetic sector type gas mass spectrometer (gas/MS). Besides, we compare the nitrogen isotope ratio of nitrogen trifluoride ($NF_3$) with that of nitrogen molecule ($N_2$) decomposed from the same $NF_3$ thermally in order to identify the difference of $f_{MD}$ values in extensive m/z region from 28 to 71. Our result shows that $f_{MD}$ at m/z 40 was $-0.044%{\pm}0.017%$ (k = 1) from measurement of Ar artificial isotope mixtures. The $f_{MD}$ difference in the range of m/z from 28 to 71 is observed $-0.12%{\pm}0.14%$ from $NF_3$ and $N_2$. From combination of this work and reported $f_{MD}$ values by another team, IRMM, if $f_{MD}$ of $-0.16%{\pm}0.14%$ is applied to isotope ratio measurement from $N_2$ to $SF_6$, we can determine absolute isotope ratio within relative uncertainty of 0.2 %.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for the Gifted Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.137-138
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• 2003

Understanding how and why people differ is a fundamental, if distant, goal of research efforts to bridge psychological and biological levels of analysis. General fluid intelligence (gF) is a major dimension of individual differences and refers to reasoning and novel problemsolving ability. A conceptual integration of evidence from cognitive (behavioral) and anatomical studies suggeststhat gF should covary with both task performance and neural activity in specific brain systems when specific cognitive demands are present, with the neural activity mediating the relation between gF and performance. Direct investigation of this possibility will be a critical step toward a mechanistic model of human intelligence. In turn, a mechanistic model might suggest ways to enhance gF through targeted behavioral or neurobiological intervent ions, We formed two different groups as subjects based on their scholarly attainments. Each group consists of 20 volunteers(aged 16-17 years, right-handed males) from the National Gifted School and a local high school respectively. To test whether individual differences in general intelligence are mediated at a neural level, we first assessed intellectual characteristics in 40 subjects using standard intelligence tests (Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking) administered outside of the MR scanner. We then used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRl) to measure task-related brain activity as participants performed three different kinds of computerized reasoning tasks that were intended to activate the relevant neural systems. To examine the difference of neural activity according to discrepancy in general intelligence, we compared the brain activity of both extreme groups (each, n=10) of the participants based on the standard intelligence test scores. In contrast to the common expectation, there was no significant difference of brain region involved in high-g tasks between both groups. Random effect analysis exhibited that lateral prefrontal, anterior cingulate and parietal cortex are associated with gF. Despite very different task contents in the three high-g-low-g contrasts, recruitment of multiple regions is markedly similar in each case, However, on the task with high 9F correlations, the Prodigy group, (intelligence rank: >99%) showed higher task-related neural activity in several brain regions. These results suggest that the relationship between gF and brain activity should be stronger under high-g conditions than low-g conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2011

Purpose: In real life there are both straight-paths and curved-paths. To evaluate walking ability of both kinds, a figure-8 walking test (F8WT) was developed. The aim of this study was to validate the measure in hemiplegic patients with walking difficulties and to identify correlations of curved walking ability with straight walking ability, motor function, and walking performance ability. Methods: Twenty subjects participated in this study. Curved walking was measured by a F8WT. Straight walking ability was measured by a 10-meter walking test (10MWT). Dynamic balancea bility was measured by timed up and go (TUG) tests. Walking performance ability was measured using a modified motor assessment scale (MMAS). Motor function was measured by the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation analysis. Linear regression analyses were performed to explore other functional tests in mobility ability by F8WT time, 10MWT (dependent variable). Results: There was a significant positive correlation of F8WT time with 10MWT and TUG. There was a significant negative correlation of F8WT time with MMAS and FMA-coordination. There was a significant positive correlation of 10MWT with TUG. There was a significant negative correlation of 10MWT with MMAS and FMA-coordination. The F8WT time for curved walking ability was attributed to 10MWT for straight walking ability as 94% level of contribution. Conclusion: The results suggest that the F8WT is a good instrument for measuring walking ability because there is a robust correlation of F8WT time with 10MWT, TUG, MMAS, and FMA-coordination in hemiplegic patients who, after stroke, have a mobility deficiency.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.56-67
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of rosemary oil inhalation on memory, attention and autonomic nervous system according to the concentration difference in the aged. The research design was non-equivalent control group non-synchronized design. Participants were 89 individuals aged 65 or older who live in the community. Participants inhaled almond carrier oil(control group), 10%(experimental group A) and 100%(experimental group B) rosemary oil. Memory, attention, and autonomic nervous system responses were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS win 24.0. The differences of the group and time were analyzed through repeated measure ANOVA. There were no significant differences in immediate recall (F=.42, p =.656), delayed recall (F=.45, p=.639), recognition (F=1.45, p=.242), digit span-forward (F=1.53, p=.223), digit span-backward (F=.46, p=.636), activities of sympathetic nerve system (LF)(F=.19, p=.828), activities of parasympathetic nerve system (HF)(F=.37, p=.694), LH/HF(F=1.39, p=.256), systolic blood pressure (F=.37, p=.694), diastolic blood pressure (F=1.25, p=.291). The inhalation of 10% and 100% rosemary oil for five minutes showed no significant effects on memory, attention and automatic nervous system in the aged.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2018

This paper presents an autonomous detection and aiming point computation of a battle tank by using RGB images. Maximally stable extremal regions algorithm was implemented to find features of the tank, which are matched with images extracted from streaming video to figure out the region of interest where the tank is present. The median filter was applied to remove noises in the region of interest and decrease camouflage effects of the tank. For the tank segmentation, k-mean clustering was used to autonomously distinguish the tank from its background. Also, both erosion and dilation algorithms of morphology techniques were applied to extract the tank shape without noises and generate the binary image with 1 for the tank and 0 for the background. After that, Sobel's edge detection was used to measure the outline of the tank by which the aiming point at the center of the tank was calculated. For performance measurement, accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure were analyzed by confusion matrix, resulting in 91.6%, 90.4%, 85.8%, and 88.1%, respectively.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.6-11
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• 2009

In this paper, manufactured composite nanofiber by electrospinning that make spinning solvent according to weight of PAN/PVdF. PVdF content of composite nanofiber decreases, diameter of fiber decreased. Result that measure contact angle to confirm hydrophile property of PAN/PVdF composite nanofiber, PVdF content increases, could confirm that contact angle with water increases. After leave filter measurement sample for 25 hours in temperature of $40^{\circ}C$, humidity of 85%, result PAN/PVdF composite nanofiber that estimate efficiency could confirm that display performance of HEPA more than 99.95% and ULPA more than 99.999%. And fiber diameter is small, could confirm that filter performance increases. Tensile strength of bulk of PAN/PVdF composite nanofiber was 5-8MPa, expansion 100-300%. And strength and expansion could know that increase according as PVdF's content increases. Tensile strength was 3-8MPa degree after annealing PAN/PVdF composite nanofiber during 2 hours in 120t. Tensile strength was no change almost by annealing, and expansion could know that decrease.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.56 no.3
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• pp.37-59
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• 2004

Short Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test for Fathers(F-SMAST) and Mothers(M-SMAST) is to measure the presence of an alcohol use disorder in one's father and/or mother. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the Korean version of the F-SMAST and M-SMAST. A total of 241 college students, who resided in Seoul and two other cities, participated in this study. The internal consistency of the Korean version of the F-SMAST and M-SMAST was assessed using alpha coefficient. The alpha coefficient of both the F-SMAST and the M-SMAST was 0.82. Standard Errors of Measurement(SEM) were also computed. SEMs of the F-SMAST and the M-SMAST were quite low. With a cut-off score of 3, the F-SMAST correctly identified 91 percent of respondents who were presumed to be children of alcoholics and correctly identified 81 percent of respondents who were presumed not to be children of alcoholics. Sensitivity and specificity of the M-SMAST with a cut-off score of 1 are 0.33 and 0.81, respectively. Several variables were examined in relation to the F-SMAST and the M-SMAST to examine convergent and discriminant validity. It was found that the F-SMAST and the M-SMAST were significantly correlated with most of convergent variables(average amount of drinking per day, AUDIT, distress) and had not statistically significant relationships with discriminant variables(demographic variables). This study suggests that the Korean version of the F-SMAST and the M-SMAST be repeatedly assessed across different sample in order to confirm the findings of this study.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3941-3949
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• 2013

This study evaluated the effects of knowledge, attitude, confidence and skills in pre-post and 3months after of CPR education on female nursing students. 49 nursing students were participated. Data were analyzed through descriptive analysis, t-test, repeated measure ANOVA and Bonferroni correction using SPSS/WIN 18.0. The results showed that although scores of knowledge of CPR were significantly increased from 14.47 to 16.71, 3 months after was decreased to 14.96 (F=36.77, p<.001). Scores of attitude were increased from 14.96 to 16.76, but decreased to 15.39 in 3 months (F=27.59, p<.001). There were significantly increased in scores of confidence from 29.39 to 32.55. Otherwise, 3months after was revealed 30.22 (F=19.50, p<.001). Skills were significantly decreased from $10.94{\pm}0.24$ after CPR education to $6.4{\pm}1.62$ in 3 months(t=21.22, p<.001). In conclusion, this research implies the needs of re-education on CPR before 3 months for effects and retention of CPR education.