DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Capacitive Skin Piloerection Sensors for Human Emotional State Cognition

인간의 감정변화 상태 인지를 위한 정전용량형 피부 입모근 수축 감지센서

  • 김재민 (한국과학기술원 바이오 및 뇌공학과) ;
  • 서대건 (한국과학기술원 바이오 및 뇌공학과) ;
  • 조영호 (한국과학기술원 바이오 및 뇌공학과)
  • Received : 2014.05.16
  • Accepted : 2014.10.08
  • Published : 2015.02.01

Abstract

We designed, fabricated, and tested the capacitive microsensors for skin piloerection monitoring. The performance of the skin piloerection monitoring sensor was characterized using the artificial bump, representing human skin goosebump; thus, resulting in the sensitivity of $-0.00252%/{\mu}m$ and the nonlinearity of 25.9 % for the artificial goosebump deformation in the range of $0{\sim}326{\mu}m$. We also verified two successive human skin piloerection having 3.5 s duration on the subject's dorsal forearms, thus resulting in the capacitance change of -6.2 fF and -9.2 fF compared to the initial condition, corresponding to the piloerection intensity of $145{\mu}m$ and $194{\mu}m$, respectively. It was demonstrated experimentally that the proposed sensor is capable to measure the human skin piloerection objectively and quantitatively, thereby suggesting the quantitative evaluation method of the qualitative human emotional state for cognitive human-machine interfaces applications.

본 논문은 감동, 두려움 등 인간의 급격한 감정이나 온도 변화에 따른 피부 입모근 수축 (소름)현상 감지를 위한 정전용량형 전도성 폴리머 센서를 제안하였다. 전도성 폴리머를 이용한 소자 제작을 통해 소자의 착용감을 향상시켰으며, 기존 정성적 소름측정 방식에 비해 정확하고 객관적인 측정을 가능케 하였다. 인공적인 소름돌기를 이용한 실험결과, $0{\sim}326{\mu}m$ 의 정적인 소름의 높이를 $-0.00252%/{\mu}m$의 민감도, 25.9 %의 비선형도로 측정하였다. 또한, 실제 인간의 피부에 부착하여 갑작스런 체온변화의 조건에서 -6.2 fF 과 -9.2 fF 의 정전용량 변화를 측정함으로써 높이 $145{\mu}m$$194{\mu}m$ 의 피부 소름을 측정하였다. 제안된 소자는 피부 입모근 수축현상에 따른 인간의 소름을 객관적이고, 정량적으로 측정함으로써 인간이 느끼는 급격한 감정변화나 환경변화 정도를 수치화 할 수 있는 방법을 제시하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Ohashi, H., Tsutsumi, H., Tanabe, S., Kimura, K., Murakami, H. and Kiyohara, K., 2007, "Subjective Thermal Comfort in the Environment with Spot Cooling System," Clima 2007 WellBeing Inddor Congress, Helsinki, Finland.
  2. Oehl, M., Siebert, F. W., Tews, T., Hoger, R. and Pfister, H., 2011, "Improving Human-machine Interaction-a Noninvasive Approach to Detect Emotions in Car Drivers," The 14th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Towards Mobile and Intelligent Interaction Environments, Florida, USA, pp. 577-585.
  3. Janig, W., 2006, The Integrative Action of the Autonomic Nervous System, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 129.
  4. Benedek, M., Wilfling, B., Lukas-Wolfbauer, R., Katzur, B. H. and Kaernbach, C., 2010, "Objective and Continuous Measurement of Piloerection," Psychophysiology, Vol. 47, pp. 989-993.
  5. Craig, D., 2005, "An Exploratory Study of Physiological Changes During 'Chills' induced by Music," Musicae Scientiae, Vol. 9, pp. 273-287. https://doi.org/10.1177/102986490500900207
  6. Benedek, M. and Kaernbach, C., 2011, "Physiological Correlates and Emotional Specificity of Human Piloerection," Biological Psychology, Vol. 86, pp. 320-329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.12.012
  7. Grewe, O., Kopiez, R. and Altenmuller, E., 2009, "The Chill Parameter: Goose Bumps and Shivers as Promising Measures in Emotion Research," Music Perception, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 61-74. https://doi.org/10.1525/mp.2009.27.1.61
  8. Kim, D., Lu, N., Ma, R., Kim, Y., Kim, R., Wang, S., Wu, J., Won, S., Tao, H., Islam, A., Yu, K., Kim, T., Chowdhury, R., Ying, M., Xu, L., Li, M., Chung, H., Keum, H., McCormick, M., Liu, P., Zhang, Y., Omenetto, F. G., Huang, Y., Coleman, T. and Rogers, J. A., 2011, "Epidermal Electronics," Science, Vol. 333, pp. 838-843. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1206157
  9. Tahk, D., Lee, H. and Khang, D., 2009, "Elastic Moduli of Organic Electronic Materials by the Buckling Method," Macromolecules, Vol. 42, pp. 7079-7083. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma900137k
  10. Dalmases, F., Cibrian, R., Buendia, M., Romero, C., Salvador, R. and Montilla, J., 1988, "Speckle Correlation Technique to Determine Roughness in the Dermatologic Interval," Physics in Medicine and Biology, Vol. 33, No. 8, pp. 913-922. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/33/8/002