• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.1187-1203
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• 2005

Let g(2n, l, d) be the number of general cubic graphs on 2n labeled vertices with l loops and d double edges. We use inclusion and exclusion with two types of properties to determine the asymptotic behavior of g(2n, l, d) and hence that of g(2n), the total number of general cubic graphs of order 2n. We show that almost all general cubic graphs are connected. Moreover, we determined the asymptotic numbers of general cubic graphs with given connectivity.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.173-178
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• 2001

This paper studies the structure and reliability of homogeneous s-coherent multistate system. We describe efficiency of inclusion-exclusion algorithm and pivotal decomposition algorithm for reliability calculation of 2-states system which developed in (Lee 1999) ［10］. We extend our method, applied in ［10］, to the case when components of the system are given multi-states. As an application, the high pressure injection system of a pressurized water reactor is modeled as a multistate system composed of homogeneous s-coherent multistate subsystems. And Several examples are illustrated.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.264-268
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• 2002

Magnetic fluid is a very stable colloid that is attracted by magnetic force as wholly. The magnetic fluids is composed with 10 nm magnetic materials such as magnetite, iron etc., which is dispersed homogeneously in solvent by coating surfactant on their surface. Also this colloid is not separated into magnetic particles and solvent even under magnetic field, centrifugal force, gravity. Due to these properties, the magnetic fluids is used in high vacuum seal, exclusion seal, damper, etc. I would like to introduce the specific properties and applications of the magnetic fluids.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07c
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• pp.1177-1179
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• 1997

In this paper, short-term power demand forecast using exclusion of week periodicity presented. Week periodicity excluded from weekday change ratio. Forecast term of five and multiple regression model of the three form was composed. Forecast result was good. Therefore, It Could be the power demand forecast of special day(weekend). This method may contribute improvement of forecast accuracy.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.16 no.7
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• pp.640-643
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• 1995

The internal standard method, which is widely used in chromatographic techniques, is applied to the size exclusion chromatography for the on-line determination of dn/dc value of the sample. This method is found to provide the dn/dc value with suitable accuracy in determining the absolute molecular weight and the molecular weight distribution of the polymers when a light scattering detector is used.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.27-34
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• 2020

Making Inclusive Cities is a new urban agenda for better future cities. Inclusive cities should be conceptualized from multidimensional viewpoints including various academic disciplines beyond a single discipline such as urban planning/design and urban engineering which are primary disciplines to have handled urban challenges. The aim of this research is to propose diverse approaches to examine the concept of the inclusive city. This study examines the inclusive city from the lens of co-evolution, social exclusion, inclusiveness, and amenity, looking forward to more academic attempts to investigate this worldwide urban agenda.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.129-142
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• 2011

This study investigates the patterns of labor market polarization and analyzes the characteristics and roles of regional labor market in the structuring process of the polarization in the metropolitan areas of Korea. The labor market polarization plays a role of key mechanism for deepening social exclusion in the area through expanding low-pay jobs and working poor. It is of great significance to adopt a spatial approach of local labor market in order to understand underlying dynamics of labor market polarization. Especially it is necessary to develop a more differentiated and systematic policy options based on the analysis of labor market polarization in the metropolitan areas of Korea. It is because understanding spatial differentiation of labor market dynamics is essential to figure out the structuring processes of poverty and sociall exclusion in the metropolican labor market in Korea.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2015

Rejection of ionic solutes by reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes is controlled mainly by electrochemical interaction as well as pore size, but it is very difficult to directly evaluate such electrochemical interaction. In this work, we used an inverse HPLC method to investigate the interaction between ionic solutes and poly (m- phenylenediaminetrimesoyl) (PPT), a polymer similar to the skin layer of polyamide RO and NF membranes. Silica gel particles coated with PPT were used as the stationary phase, and aqueous solutions of the ionic solutes were used as the mobile phase. Chromatographs obtained for the ionic solutes showed features typical of exclusion chromatographs: the ionic solutes were eluted faster than water (mobile phase), and the exclusion intensity of the ionic solute decreased with increasing solute concentration, asymptotically approaching a minimum value. The charge density of PPT was estimated to be ca. 0.007 mol/L. On the basis of minimum exclusion intensity, the exclusion distances between a salt and neutralized PPT was examined, and the following average values were obtained: 0.49 nm for 1:1 salts, 0.57 nm for 2:1 salts, 0.60 nm for 1:2 salts, and 0.66 nm for 2:2 salts. However, $NaAsO_2$ and $H_3BO_3$, which are dissolved at neutral pH in their undissociated forms, were not excluded.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.28-34
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• 2005

We review three methods of separating soil respiration into root and soil microbial contribution: (1) component integration, (2) root exclusion, and (3) isotopic method. Among these methods, component integration and root exclusion are most commonly used. Root respiration contribution to soil respiration estimated by the root exclusion method is higher than those by other two methods. Trenching has little environmental disturbances in soil or on surface of site compared to other methods in root exclusion such as root removal and gap formation. Isotopic method has an advantage over other methods because of minimal soil and root disturbances, but this method is costly and requires techniques for the complex analysis. Trenching seems to be an appropriate in situ method for calculating component contributions to soil respiration with minimum disturbances in site. However, the method overestimates the contribution of microbial respiration because of root decay, and realistic results could be obtained by estimating root decay or avoiding large roots in trenched plots.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2003

This patient was an 53-year-old man who had undergone Sengstaken-Blackmore tube insertion for esophageal varix bleeding. Two days after Sengstaken-Blackmore tube insertion, he developed severe left hemothorax and was transferred to our hospital. The esophagoscopic findings revealed a large perforation lengthening 8-cm in the intrathoracic esophagus. A left thoracotomy was performed 33 days after the injury due to repeated varix bleedings and poor conditions. An 8-cm longitudinal perforation of the intrathoracic esophagus with gross suppurative empyema was found. Primary repair and esophageal exclusion was performed 2cm proximal and distal to the perforation, using rows of nonabsorbable staplers(TA stapler 60 $\times$ 4.8) and large bore thoracostomy tubes were placed for local drainage. Six days after intrathoracic esophageal exclusion, an esophagogram revealed a leakage at just above the proximal stapling site. A cervical esophageal exclusion was performed using the same method. One hundred thirty seven days after exclusion operation for the intra-thoracic esophageal perforation, the patient was able to eat per orally without any secondary esophageal reconstructive surgery.