• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.177-181
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• 2008

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH) is a key enzyme for carbohydrate metabolism in most living organisms. Recent reports and our own searches of teleost species in publicly available genomic databases have identified at least two distinct GAPDH genes in a given species. The two GAPDH genes are located on the same chromosome in teleosts, whereas they are located on the different chromosomes in mammals. Thus, we reconstructed a phylogenetic tree to better understand the evolutionary history of the GAPDH genes in the vertebrate lineage. Our phylogenetic analysis revealed unambiguously that the two GAPDH genes of teleosts are phylogenetically closely affiliated to one of the cytosolic GAPDH and spermatogenic GAPDH-S of mammals. This indicates that the two paralogous GAPDH genes shared a common ancestor and subsequently underwent a gene duplication event during early vertebrate evolution. However, GAPDH-S of teleosts showed significant differences in the polypeptide residues and tissue distribution of its mRNA transcripts from that of mammals, implying they have undergone a different history of functionalization.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolutionary process of Ddeulzip. The subject of this study is a clan family of Andong Kwon in Andong Area. Ddeulzip's evolutionary process of the construction and management is divided into largely three periods in Josun Dynasty. The establishment and changing process of Ddeulzip for Andong Kwon's family are analyzed according to three periods called the early(15~16C), mid(17~18C) and late(19~20C). The characteristics of the early and mid period are that they created their own ancestral building form of Ddeulzip. Those of the late period are in their strong will to make similar scale of Ddeulzip. And during the late period, although the construction of new Ddeulzip was started in the early stage, no more formation of Ddeulzip was made as it approached toward the late stage. And most important point is similar constructional space(gan) of first time. The residential Ddeulzip of Andong Kwon's family created at the 19C can be regarded as an representative example of large space that shows a typical form of housing by noble residents at the time.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.25-37
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolutionary process of Ddeulzip. The subject of this study is a clan family of Euisung Kim in Andong Area. Ddeulzip's evolutionary process in the construction and management is divided into largely three periods. The establishment and changing process of Ddeulzip for Euisung Kim's family are analyzed according to three periods called the early (15~16C), mid(17~18C) and late(19~20C). The characteristics of the early period are that they created their own ancestral building form of Ddeulzip. Those of the mid period are in their strong will not only to preserve their on ancesteral housing but also to make additional construction of Ddeulzip. And during the late period, although the construction of new Ddeulzip was started in the early stage, no more formation of Ddeulzip was made as it approached toward the late stage. And most important point is smaller construction space (gan) dan first time. The residential Ddeulzip of Euisung Kim's family created at the start of Chosun Dynasty can be regarded as an representative example that shows a typical form of housing by noble residents at the time.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.93-98
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• 2002

In this paper, we critically survey the mathematical Platonism in respect to its abstract, ahistorical, asocial and acultural character. The uncertainty of man's concepts is investigated with special attention to evolutionary theory, philosophical and epistemological developments regarding the cognitive unconsciousness and the embodied mind. We research into the implication of the Darwin machine theory for human consciousness and Wittegenstein's philosophy of mathematics.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.57-68
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• 2017

Seven transmembrane receptors (7TMRs), also known as G protein-coupled receptors, are popular targets of drug development, particularly 7TMR systems that are activated by peptide ligands. Although many pharmaceutical drugs have been discovered via conventional bulk analysis techniques the increasing availability of structural and evolutionary data are facilitating change to rational, targeted drug design. This article discusses the appeal of neuropeptide-7TMR systems as drug targets and provides an overview of concepts in the evolution of vertebrate genomes and gene families. Subsequently, methods that use evolutionary concepts and comparative analysis techniques to aid in gene discovery, gene function identification, and novel drug design are provided along with case study examples.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.99-103
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• 2014

Mitochondrial genome sequence of malaria parasites has served as a potential marker for inferring evolutionary history of the Plasmodium genus. In Plasmodium falciparum, the mitochondrial genome sequences from around the globe have provided important evolutionary understanding, but no Indian sequence has yet been utilized. We have sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome of a single P. falciparum field isolate from India using novel primers and compared with the 3D7 reference sequence and 1 previously reported Indian sequence. While the 2 Indian sequences were highly divergent from each other, the presently sequenced isolate was highly similar to the reference 3D7 strain.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.45-51
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• 2017

Anxiety is one of the basic human emotions. From the evolutionary psychology point of view, it is a necessary factor for survival and prosperity of human beings that had been developed throughout time with the history of human survival and development. Anxiety plays the role of protecting one from social or physical threats. In reality, lacking of anxiety showed lots of examples of maladjustments. But the result of over-adjustment, which is overanxious disorder, is definitely disturbing one's survival and growth, and it can lead to anxiety disorder that needs to be treated. Anxiety from the evolutionary psychology point of view, started as a primary adjustment form and it evolves into various types of anxiety disorders that relates to the modern society's characters. Therefore, having the grasp of evolutionary psychology, which can be the base of treating anxiety and anxiety disorders, is very important. So from now on, studies for this aspect would need to be done as integrated and multidisciplinary studies not only by psychiatrists, but by including epidemiologists, psychologists, ecologists, biologists, and neuropsychologists. In this article, the author tried to review and explore the idea of anxiety and anxiety disorders from the evolutionary psychology point of view.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.405-413
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• 2014

The evolutionary history of cattle and buffalo has always been a topic of great interest to the evolutionary biologists. The phylogenetic studies of bovin species has been carried out at various levels, varying from the study of domestication and migration of populations to major cladogenesis. Along with the archeological studies there are studies from molecular biology and more recently from genomics. The phylogenetic perspective of the bovins and their evolutionary history, are reviewed in terms of what has been done, what needs to be done and potential challenges in doing it.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.43 no.8
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• pp.728-738
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• 2020

Time and cost-effective production of next-generation sequencing data has enabled the performance of population-scale comparative and evolutionary studies for various species, which are essential for obtaining the comprehensive insight into molecular mechanisms underlying species- or breed-specific traits. In this study, the evolutionary and functional analysis of Korean native pig (KNP) was performed using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data by comparative and population genomic approaches with six different mammalian species and five pig breeds. We examined the evolutionary history of KNP SNPs, and the specific genes of KNP based on the uniqueness of non-synonymous SNPs among the used species and pig breeds. We discovered the evolutionary trajectory of KNP SNPs within the used mammalian species as well as pig breeds. We also found olfaction-associated functions that have been characterized and diversified during evolution, and quantitative trait loci associated with the unique traits of KNP. Our study provides new insight into the evolution of KNP and serves as a good example for a better understanding of domestic animals in terms of evolution and domestication using the combined approaches of comparative and population genomics.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.52.1-52.1
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• 2017

Galaxy clusters are the most massive gravitationally bound systems and thus probably the most recent objects to form. One of promising routes to understand the assembly history of galaxy clusters is to measure observable quantities of components in clusters that are sensitive to the evolutionary state of the cluster. Recent deep observations on the nearby clusters show distinct diffuse intracluster light (ICL), that the light from stars are not bound any individual cluster galaxy, however until now this component has not been well studied due to its faint nature, with typical brightness of ~100 times fainter than the sky background. As shown in galaxy cluster simulation studies, the ICL abundance increases during various dynamical exchanges of galaxies such as the disruption of dwarf galaxies, major mergers between galaxies and the tidal stripping of galaxies. Thus, the ICL is an effective tool to measure the evolutionary stage of galaxy clusters. Moreover, the investigation of the ICL evolution mechanism will allow us understand the galaxy evolution process therein. In this pilot study, we target the Coma cluster, where the existing ICL studies are limited only in the central region. With large and uniform deep optical images from the Subaru telescope, available only recently (Okabe et al. 2014), we are developing a robust ICL measurement technique, extracting the ICL surface brightness and color profiles, which will allow us to study the origin of the ICL and its connection to the evolutionary history of the Coma cluster. For the next phase, we plan to utilize the plenty of spectroscopy data from the MMT telescope to compare ICL properties with the star formation history of the brightest cluster galaxies (BCG), and discuss the ICL formation mechanism of the Coma cluster by comparing the distribution of cluster galaxies with the distribution of diffuse light inside the Coma cluster.