• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.135-144
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to analyze the factors affecting rural tourists' expenditure. This study used the data from the fact-finding survey on rural tourism, and analyzed 4,223 cases who had experienced rural tourism for one year in 2018. The linear multiple regression analysis were used to identify factors affecting rural tourists' expenditure. The result indicate that the factors influencing the rural tourists' total expenditure were age, monthly income, number of accompany, length of stay, accommodation type(pension), accommodation type(friend's house/relatives'house), accommodation type(camping), distance to the destination, accompany(family/relatives), accompany(solo traveler), occupation(white color), motivation(daily escape and rest), motivation(new experience). The result indicate that the higher the age, the higher the average monthly income of the household, the fewer companions, the longer the length of stay higher the expenditure. As for the accommodation, the pension, motel/inn, hotel/condominium, and recreational forest higher probability of expenditure, while, friend/relative's house or camping higher the probability of less expenditure. The longer the distance to the destination, the solo traveler higher the probability of expenditure in rural tourism.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.671-685
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a Coping Scale for Infertility-Women (CSI-W). Methods: The initial items were based on an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with seven infertile women. Forty-three items were derived from a pilot survey. Data were collected from 216 women who had experienced intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF) more than once. The data were analyzed to verify the reliability and validity of the scale. Results: Seven factors containing 28 items (four factors containing 17 items for active coping and three factors containing 11 items for passive coping) were extracted from the exploratory factor analysis to verify the construct validity. The four factors of active coping were confrontation, self-control, seeking social support (spouse), and seeking social support (colleagues and experts). The three factors of passive coping were distancing, escape, and avoidance. These items were verified through convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity testing. The internal consistency reliability was acceptable (active coping: Cronbach's α = .78; passive coping: Cronbach's α = .81). Conclusion: As its validity and reliability have been verified through various methods, the CSI-W can contribute to assessing the coping strategies of infertile women.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

The fact that the smoke hinders evacuation and fire-fighting activities as well as becomes the major cause of life casualty emphasizes the importance of smoke control system. As one of the fire safety standards designed to secure the smoke safety, NFSC501A (Design Guide for Smoke Control System of Special Evacuation Stairwell and Lobby) has been proposed, preventing smoke from penetrating into the smoke-free escape route by raising the pressure of the smoke control zone higher than fire area. For model building of 20 stories, pressurization system was designed according to standard and pressure field of compartments in whole building induced by pressurization system was analyzed using the network model.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.44-55
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to assess the personal experiences of the coping process during pregnancy for single mothers. Methods: The participants were 17 single mothers who had stayed in a social welfare facility. Data was collected with an in-depth unstructured interview. Data analysis was done by the grounded theory method. Results: One-hundred twelve concepts and 49 sub-categories were confirmed in the analysis. The sub-categories were grouped into 19 categories; escape from a miserable family, wrong meeting, openness of sex, defenseless state of pregnancy, inevitable result of pregnancy, heartbreak by herself, closure, isolation, difficult situation of being alone, stigma, supporting & protecting, helplessness, seeking, empowering, feeling of loss, conflict, facing issues, assuring a fresh start and becoming-mature. "Being driven over the edge of a cliff" was the key phenomenon which the single mothers experienced during the process of pregnancy. Conclusion: The above results will help nurses assessing single pregnancy mothers' needs and developing a nursing intervention program for supporting them. Therefore, nurses will be able to stop them from "being driven over the edge of cliff". A more vigorous nursing intervention is suggested for the research of the vulnerable classes of medical health care including single pregnant mothers.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.83-88
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• 2006

One of the most important works in the development of military aircraft is to construct and utilize the various technical data and information needed in the design, analysis and evaluation under integrated system structure. A vast and various data in oder to optimize cockpit design is needed in geometric & arrangement design, vision analysis and escape system design. In addition, the application of ergonomics cockpit design concept based on the sorts of human elements and anthropometric data as design consideration for pilots is required. To accomplish above these activities, the data gathered and formed through the aircraft development program was become database and developed by tool to be able to support ergonomics cockpit design work.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.1261-1274
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• 1997

Contemporary costume by the 'Deconstruction' from the outside has shown disclosure, destruction, poverty and analysis. The conclusion of this thesis as follows, 1. The Deconstruction of disclosure by infra disclosed the underwear and inner structure outside, which has deconstructed a fixed idea i.e.'underwear must be in outwear', modesty versus immodesty and disclosure versus concealment. 2. The Deconstruction of destruction originated in punk look has rejected traditional manners and utility, at the same time, it has shown the ambivalence i.e. completeness versus incompleteness, making versus destructing by slashes, rips, fringes. 3. The Deconstruction of poverty has appeared as French avangarde mode, little black dress by Chanel, second hand style by hippy, blue jean, granny look, especially Rei Kawakubo's poor look influenced by Zen Aesthetics and post punk. It has looked like old and worn out dress by doing patchwork, dye, decolor, rip, fray, which has shown the decentring by concealing the body than disclosing, rejecting snobbery. 4. The Deconstruction of analysis, seemingly partial and patched is a violation only of our expectation of clothing's unbroken entity though it has looked like a fragment. The completeness and coherence of it is made more evident by its breach, void, and bond like a poetic language. As the result, disclosed, destructed, poor, and analytical costumes has expressed as an escape from the appearance which traditional aesthetic concept had pursued.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.824-841
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• 2010

In 21st century, subordinated relationship of fashion from the body has been disappearing, and fashion is understood as variable and creative field. This research aims at analysis about the relationship between the body and fashion depending on the theories about the authority and the desire. So, this utilizes between theoretical study and empirical analysis. For concentrated study, research period limits from 2000 to the present time 2010. Contemporary body and fashion have being changed into various forms and values, become complex and de-territory. Especially, body is symbol of ambivalence eroticism that gives point to sexual property, and the object of fetishism and machine having a desire. This study's purpose draw a parallel with between the limits of contemporary body that couldn't be rid of the capital and desire, and the liberty of fashion that escape from the body's influence has being changed independent and fluid space. This research's results are as follow as; contemporary de-territory fashion is expressed as 1) symbol of the object and physical material property, 2) self-transcendental instrument fashion, 3) independent spatial molding, 4) de-centering fashion.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

This study measures the various moving velocities of elementary school children under situation of fire drill and suggests the methods of analysis. The velocities are such as the exiting velocity at the door of the classroom, personal walking velocity at corridor, velocity according to density of crowd and personal walking velocity at stairway. For these measurement an elementary school in Daejeon is chosen and 15 girls and 15 boys are selected in each grade. Finally speed data of the children is obtained and we can apply this data for the evacuation simulation of a school.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.62-82
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Avant-garde's aesthetic values and expressoinal characteristic, and to find out(analysis) the design characteristic of Avant garde fashion since 1995. Expressoinal characteristics of Avant garde with the anti-aesthetic, radically pursuing newness, and open mind, are revealed dynamism, hostile innovation, and experimentalism. Futuristic images expressed in dynamism represent space style, body conscious style, cyborg style, kinetic style, and primitive style. And deconstructional images related to hostile innovation show punk style, grunge style, humor style, and abstractive style. Also surreal images related to experimentalism hold erotic style, depasemant style, deformation style, and collage style. The proper usage of newness offers the escape, the vividness, and the humour from the fatigue of the life and so, it is expected to offer the chance of transfering the active individuals and societies directly or indirectly By analyzing the instances for the images of avant-garde fashion since 1995, the contribution about the expectation of the design trends of the present and future is expected.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.139-148
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• 2019

The role of electroencephalography (EEG) in the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology is increasing. In particular, the importance of the analysis of event related potential (ERP) in various situations is becoming more significant in BCI technology. Studies on past maze and fire situations have been difficult due to risks and realistic problems. Nowadays, according to the development of virtual reality (VR) technology, realistic maze and fire situation can be realized. In this study, ERPs (P300, and evented related negativity) were analyzed to collect objective data on case determination in an emergency situation. In order to overcome the limitations of previous methods that evaluating the EEG frequency change, ERPs were derived by setting epochs for stimulation and standardizing them, and evaluated for ERPs in this study. P3a and P3b, which are subcomponents of P300, were analyzed and the evented related negativity (ERN) was analyzed together with error positivity (Pe). As a result of the study, statistically significant changes of ERPs were observed, this result, which has little related research, is considered to be meaningful as medical basic statistics.