• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.241-248
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• 1998

1993년 외국여행 경험이 없는 말라리아 환자가 발견된 이래 1997년까지 총 2,198명의 환자가 발생하였다. 대부분은 휴전선 근처에서 복무한 군인이었으며, 민간인 환자는 총 650명으로 1994년 3례, 1995년 19례, 1996년 71례, 1997년 557례였다. 그 중 239명은 경기도의 파주, 연천, 김포, 강화, 동두천 및 강원도 철원에서 복무한 경험이 있는 제대군인이었으며, 308명은 유행지역에 거주하는 주민이었다. 72명은 모기 활동기에 유행지역을 방문한 적이 있었으며, 32명은 유행지역에 간 적이 없는 사람이었다. 전체적으로 보아 20대 남자가 가장 많았다. 연중 말라리아 발생지수는 높지 않았지만 1993년 이후 유행지역에서 꾸준히 증가하였다. 한국에서 말라리아는 일년 내내 발생하였으며, 8월에 가장 많았다. 제대군인들의 경우 153일에서 452일에 달하는 지연형 잠복기를 나타냈다. 발병에서 진단에 이르는 시간은 1995년 23.6일에서 1997년 13.7일로 단축되었다. 삼일열말라리아의 발생이 휴전선 부근에서 시각되어 일부 지역에서는 이미 정착되었을 가능성이 높다.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2000

During the recent epidemic period ($1995{\sim}1996$), seven strains of rubella virus were isolated in Korea. To analyze phylogenetic relationship between seven Korean strains and rubella virus strains from other different geographical areas, structural genes (E1, E2 and C) of Korean strains were enzymatically amplified and automatically sequenced. The sequence similarities of the E1, E2 and C genes of the cosmopolitan types were $95.8{\sim}98.1%$, $92.6{\sim}99.2%$ and $96.4{\sim}99.3%$ based on 1,441, 122 and 139 nucleotides and $96.9{\sim}98.5%$, $90{\sim}100%$ and $97.8{\sim}100%$ based on 480, 40 and 46 amino acids compared to the sequences of strain RA27/3, respectively. In contrast, the sequence similarities of the E1, E2 and C genes of the Asian types were $91.5{\sim}92.1%$, $83.6{\sim}88.5%$ and 91.4% based on nucleotides and $96.9{\sim}97.7%$, 85.5% and 97.8% based on amino acids compared to the sequences of strain RA27/3, respectively. However, immunodominent epitopes of the E1 gene of the cosmopolitan and Asian types were well conserved, and the growth patterns in cell culture and immunofluorescent antibody titers in cross-reaction test showed no differences between two different types. In phylogenetic analysis based on nucleotide sequences of each gene regions, the cosmopolitan and Asian types formed two distinct phylogenetic lineages. These data showed two distinct genotypes of rubella viruses cocirculated in Korea, but no significant differences in the antigenicity of two different rubella virus strains were found.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

Objects: In July 2 2010, a diarrhea outbreak occurred among the workers in a company in Gyeungju city, Korea. An epidemiological investigation was performed to clarify the cause and transmission route of the outbreak. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire survey among 193 persons, and we examined 21 rectal swabs and 6 environmental specimens. We also delegated the Daegu Bukgu public health center to examine 3 food service employees and 5 environmental specimens from the P buffet which served a buffet on June 30. The patient case was defined as a worker of L Corporation and who participated in the company meal service and who had diarrhea more than one time. We also collected the underground water filter of the company on July 23. Results: The attack rate of diarrhea among the employees was 20.3%. The epidemic curve showed that a single exposure peaked on July 1. The relative risk of attendance and non-attendance by date was highest for the lunch of June 30 (35.62; 95% CI, 2.25 to 574.79). There was no specific food that was statistically regarded as the source of the outbreak. $Bacillus$ $cereus$ was cultured from two of the rectal swabs, two of the preserved foods and the underground water filter. We thought the exposure date was lunch of June 30 according the latency period of $B.$ $cereus$. Conclusions: We concluded the route of transmission was infection of dishes, spoons and chopsticks in the lunch buffet of June 30 by the underground water. At the lunch buffet, 50 dishes, 40 spoons, and chopsticks were served as cleaned and wiped with a dishcloth. We thought the underground water contaminated the dishes, spoons, chopsticks and the dishcloth. Those contaminated materials became the cause of this outbreak.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.123-138
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to describe perimenstrual symptom severity levels and perimenstrual distress patterns of women. The study performed the discriminant analysis in which included seven factors : age, pariety, social support, menstrual socialization(mother's symptom, sister's symptom, and menstrual effect), attitude of sex role and depression. The subjects were 283 women that they were not pregnant or lactating, had at least one period in past three months, would understand the purpose of study and willingly accepted the participation. The data analysis was done by pc-SAS program after data collection from Nov. 20, 1997 to Dec. 18, 1997. The descriptive analysis was done to explore general characteristics of the subjects and the stepwise discriminant analysis was done to verify factors in relation to perimenstrual symptom severity levels(severe vs mild menstrual symptom group) and perimenstrual distress patterns(spasmodic vs congestive menstrual symptom group). The instruments were selected for this study from Interpersonal Support Evaluation List(ISEL) by Cohen and Hoberman(1983), Center for Epidemic Studies Depression(CES-D) by Radloff(1977), and Sex Role Attitude Scale by Yunok Suh(1995), Mother's symptom and sister's symptom measurements by Woods, Mitchell & Lentz(1995), and menstrual effect by Brooks-Gun & Ruble(1980). The major findings of this study are as follows : 1. Of the 283 women, 93 women(32.9%) were assessed to severe perimenstrual symptom group and 190 women(67.1%) were assessed to mild perimenstrual symptom group. Results from the stepwise discriminant analysis showed three factors, such as depression, menstrual effect, and age, significantly related to perimenstrual symptom severity and they explained 20% of the total variance. The linear discriminant equation included three factors related to perimenstrual symptom groups was showed(Z=1.445 depression+0.174 menstrual effect-0.054 age). The cutting score(Z) was 2.809. We classified the severe perimenstrual symptom group by more than the cutting score 2.809 and the mild perimenstrual symptom by less or equal than the cutting score 2.809. The correctedness of posterior probability from discriminant equation was 72% as two perimenstrual symptom group classifications. 2. Of the 264 women, 139 women(52.7%) were assessed to spasmodic perimenstrual distress group and women(47.3%) were assessed to congestive perimenstrual distress group. Results from the stepwise discriminant analysis showed two factors, such as depression, age, significantly related to perimenstrual distress groups and they explained 8% of the total variance. The linear discriminant equation included two factors related to perimenstrual distress group was showed(Z=-0.084 age-0.776 depression). The cutting score(Z) was -3.759. We classified the spasmodic perimenstrual distress group by more than cutting score -3.759 and the congestive perimenstrual distress group by less or equal than cutting score -3.759. The correctedness of posterior probability from discriminant equation was 65% as two perimenstrual distress group classifications.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.674-683
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• 2021

연구목적: 본 연구에서는 코로나19 감염병 확산의 추이에 따른 분기별 범죄양상의 변화를 살펴보고, 향후 발생될 다양한 범죄에 대해 형사사법기관의 예방 및 대책방안을 강구하기 위함이다. 연구방법: 비대면환경과 대면환경에서 각각의 범죄특성을 알아보기 위해 기존 선행연구의 분석결과와 경찰청, 검찰청 유관기관이 공식발표 한 자료를 바탕으로 최근 3년간 범죄와 2020년 코로나 유행시기의 분기별 범죄발생의 범죄유형을 분석하였다. 연구결과: 감염병 초기 유행단계인 경우 전체적 범죄감소와 온라인 기반 사기범죄가 가장 많은 부분을 차지하고 있고, 특히 시민생활밀착형범죄와 사회적 약자를 대상으로 한 범죄가 증가하고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 감염병 후반기에는 코로나 장기화로 인하여 경기침체, 실업이 이어지면서 불법사금융 피해가 심화되고, 불법사행성게임범죄가 크게 증가 한 것을 알 수 있었다. 결론: 코로나 19 감염병 유행시기에 따라 분기별 범죄특성을 분석한 결과 일부 범죄유형과 범죄증감률에 차이가 있었으며, 이에 따른 범죄대응방안도 달라져야 한다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.34-51
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• 2012

단종(端宗, 1441~1457) 장릉과 정순왕후(定順王后, 1440~1521) 사릉은 매우 간소하게 조성되어 있다. 1698년에 단종을 복위하면서 원래 묘제로 조성되어 있던 무덤을 능제로 추봉하였는데, 특이하게도 석물의 크기가 작을 뿐 아니라, 왕위에 오른 적이 있는 왕의 무덤임에도 불구하고 무석인이 설치되지 않았으며 석수도 1쌍씩만 조성되어 있다. 이렇듯 장릉과 사릉은 매우 간소하게 조성된 탓에 석물연구에서 그간 주목을 받지 못하였다. 본 논문에서는 두 능의 추봉과정 및 석물 조성과 관련된 문헌기록을 검토하고 현장답사를 통해 석물을 면밀히 분석하였는데, 이와 더불어 본고에서 중점적으로 다룬 내용은 조선시대 왕릉석물 간소화의 문제이다. 그간 조선 왕릉석물의 축소는 1701년에 조성된 명릉에서 시작된 것으로 알려져 있을 뿐 간소화의 계기에 대해서는 심도 있게 논의되지 못했다. 본 논문에서는 간소화가 장릉과 사릉에서 이미 시작되었으며, 간소화가 일어난 것은 단순히 서인으로 폐위되었던 왕의 무덤이기 때문이라기보다는 두 능이 추봉될 당시의 시대적 상황, 즉 오랜 기근과 역병에 따른 피폐된 경제와 혼란에서 기인했음을 밝혔다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.231-239
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• 2021

본 연구는 구조방정식을 통하여 학생들의 치과 위생사에 대한 이미지와 취업 인식을 파악하고 온라인 정보에 대한 인식을 접목해 차후 치과위생사 보건인력 확보에 필요한 정보를 마련하고자 한다. 수집된 자료는 통계는 SPSS Statistics 24.0 와 AMOS Graphics 21.0 통계 패키지를 이용하여 자료 분석을 시행하였다. 취업을 긍정적으로 인식하는 사람은 신종 감염병이 발생해도 치과위생사의 이미지를 긍정적으로 보고, 치과위생사의 부정적 이미지를 통해 부정적 취업 인식을 이해하는 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷 정보를 긍정적으로 생각하는 사람은 인터넷 정보가 거짓 정보가 많고, 유해하며, 불안을 조장한다고 생각하고, 그 영향은 취업에 대한 부정적 인식에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 인터넷 정보를 긍정적으로 생각하는 사람은 치과위생사가 감염에 노출되기 쉽고, 감염원을 전달 할 수 있으며, 쉽게 감염될 수 있다고 생각하고, 이는 부정적 취업에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 신종 감염병 시기에는 올바른 인터넷 정보의 인식을 통하여 치과위생사의 이미지 형성을 하는 것이 중요하다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.465-475
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• 2021

본 연구는 안면 마스크 착용에 따른 피부 스트레스 인식도와 뷰티 케어 현황조사를 목적으로 2021년 3월 11일-3월 27일 까지 210명을 대상으로 온라인과 오프라인을 이용하여 설문조사를 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 25.0을 이용하여 Cronbach's α, Frequency Analysis, chi-square test, One way Anova로 분석하였다. 코로나19 기간 중 일일 평균 마스크 착용 시간은 43.8%가 7시간 이상이며, 마스크 착용에 의한 피부 스트레스 인식도는 30대(M=4.27)와 서비스직(M=4.64)이 가장 높고 여드름, 피부 트러블(M=4.47) 고민이 있는 사람이 스트레스를 높게 인식하였다. 홈 케어 시 중요 요소는 클렌징(67.6%)이, 뷰티 케어 현황에서는 피부 관리(36.7%)가 가장 높았다. 뷰티 케어 선택 시 고려 사항은 서비스 및 고객관리 능력이 54.3%, 체형관리를 위한 방법은 운동이 45.7%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과 안면 마스크의 장시간 사용으로 인해 피부 스트레스가 많이 인식되고 있으며 코로나 상황에 의해 피부 관리실 이용이 불안해짐에 따라 홈 케어 관리가 늘어난 것으로 나타났다.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권5호
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• pp.369-375
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• 2022

이른바 코로나19 대유행으로 철도서비스 경영 역시 유례없는 상황을 맞이하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 코로나19 유행기간 동안 고속철도를 이용한 고객을 대상으로 설문조사를 진행하여 감염병이 철도서비스 고객경험에 미치는 영향을 탐색하였다. 연구결과, 철도운영기관이 제공하는 방역관련 서비스에 대해 고객이 높은 수준으로 지각할수록 고객만족도와 충성도가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 고객 별로 코로나19에 대해 위험하게 생각하는 수준에 개인차가 있기 때문에, 고객의 코로나19 위험지각의 조절역할도 실증하였다. 그 결과, 코로나19에 대한 고객의 위험지각이 적정한 수준일 때에는 서비스 기관의 방역관련 서비스 속성이 고객만족 형성에 큰 영향을 미치지만, 고객의 위험지각수준이 상당히 높은 경우에는 그 영향력은 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 결국 감염병에 대한 위험이 완벽히 소멸되는 것만이 서비스 산업의 완벽한 회복을 가져다줄 것이다. 그럼에도 감염병 유행기간에는 서비스 운영기관이 방역활동을 철저히 하고, 고객에게 이에 대해 충실히 커뮤니케이션 하는 것이 주요한 서비스 속성이 된다는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-135
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• 1991

The study was designed to gain necessary basic data order to grasp health knowledge, attitude, practice level of middle and high school students and to analyse th problem and to point out the method of improvement in the field of school health education. The survery was carried out through this reporter's interview for 2,400 students who attend to ten schools in Young Nam area during the period of a month from 25 the June to 25th July 1989. The result of this study can be summaried as follows. 1. The total number of answers on the question was 2,346. As for general characteristics the percent of female middle school students was 60.6% and the percent of male students was 77.7%, 45.9% of high school students was evening school students. 52.9% of middle school students and 42.3% of high school students were borne in rural area. 2. The percentage of unknown and misunderstanding for Epidemic Hepatitis infection was 46.3% of middle school students and 29.6% of high school students. 3. The percentage of unknown and misunderstanding for Epidemic Hemorrhage fever infection was 85.6% of middle school students and 66.9% of high school students. 4. The percentage of right knowledge for AIDS infection was 66.0% of middle school students and 90.4% of high school students. 5. The percentage of right knowledge for Typhoid infection was 47.8% of middle school students and 69.4% of high school students. 6. The percentage of unknown and misunderstanding for Tuberculosis infection was 71.6% of middle school students and 62.2% of high school students. 7. As for personal hygiene, the percentage of toothbrushing after every meal was high level : 44.2% of middle school students and 42.0% of high school students. 8. 60.9% of middle school students take a bath twice a week, 49.2% oh high school students take a bath a week. Times of bath of middle school students was higher than that of high school students. 9.The percentage of washing hand after using toilet was 42.1% of middle school students and 35.1% of high school students. 49.0% of middle school students and 55.1% of high school students wash hand sometimes after using toilet. 10. The percentage of change of underwear twice a week was 57.6% of middle school students and 49.8% of high school students. 11. The percentage of habit of unbalanced diet was 30.% of middle school students and 27.6% of high school students. 50.8% of middle school students and 51.7% of high school students have balanced diet. 12. Index of health practice of personal hygiene can be summarized as follows. A. A case of middle school students. 1) The percentage of health practice index in male and female was 49.6% and 48.1% respectively. Index of female students was higher than that of male students. 2) As for parent's occupation, public servants and company emplyee was upper level. Farming was low level. 3) As for income level, middle, level with 56.5% was highest in high income level and low level with 27.4% was highest in low income level. B. A case of high school students. 1) Middle level of health practice index was 46.0% of male students, upper and low level was 32.4% and 28.0% of female students respectively. 2) Middle level of health practice index was high in farming and company employee and upper level was high in commerce and service, low level with 60.0% was high in unemployed. 3) Upper practice index 35.7% appears in the rich and low practice index 38.3% appears in the poor. 13. Average points of Health practice about personal hygiene were as follows. (Full marks at 4). A. A case of middle school. Female (1.87 point) was higher than male (1.26 point). Night time (2.03 point) was higher than day time (1.66 point) and middle or small cities (2.17 point) are high than any other places. As for parent's occupation, students whose parents are company clerk get high marks (2.32) and ten students whose parent's job are service get next high marks (2.20). B. A case of high school. Female (1.53 point) was higher than male (1.22 point), as parents educational level were higher the point were higher, and as income level was higher, the points of health practice (1.78) were higher, and as for parents occupation, service get highest point (1.93) and commerce get next high point (1.86) public servant get low point (1.66). 14. The percentage of experience in smoking was 11.9% of middle school students and 60.9% of high school students. 15. The percentage of experience in inhalation of bond and administrating LSD was 4.3% of male middle school students, 8.4% of female middle school students, 6.9% of male high school students and 4.2% of female high school students. The knowledge level of communicable disease infection are very low in middle and high school students and practice level of personal hygiene are also very low. As a whole we can evaluate that middle and high school students are low level of health knowledge and practice. In conclusion, we must consider preparation for school health education program through establishing of health subjects in the carriculum, and securing of health education teachers and using materials and media program of health education. It is very important to establish macroscopic policy and strategy for public health education and to get people have right knowledge and practice for health.