• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.423-432
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing college life adjustment in nursing students. Methods: The subjects consisted of 206 nursing students. Data were collected from December 6 to December 13, 2012. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlational coefficients and multiple regression with SPSS WIN v 20.0. Result: The mean scores of ego-identity ($3.53{\pm}48$), social problem-solving ability ($3.41{\pm}.42$), and college life adjustment ($5.27{\pm}.91$) were above average. College life adjustment was significantly different according to ego-identity, academic performance, and perceived health state. Ego-identity, academic performance, and perceived health state were influencing factors of college life adjustment (53.2%). Conclusion: It is necessary to develop an education program to improve ego-identity, academic performance, and perceived health state to help nursing students to adjust to their college life more effectively.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.357-366
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to survey and examine the relationship of family strengths, family function, ego-identity and depression in adolescence in Busan, and to provide basic data for a health promoting intervention to improve their family health. Method: Data were collected from four colleges in Busan and, 680 students were enrolled in the study. Descriptive statistics, t-test or ANOVA with Scheffe's test and Pearson's correlation coefficients were used to analyze the data. Results: The mean score for family strengths was 3.58, family function 4.31, ego-identity 55.4 and depression 17.9. The scores for family strengths differed significantly according to subjective social economic state and father's job, parent's religion, parent's marital status and family composition. The scores for family function differed significantly according to parent's religion, parent's marital status and subjective social economic state. The scores for ego-identity differed according to mother's education level, parent's religion, parent's marital status and family composition. There were a positive correlations between family strengths and family function, between family strengths and ego-identity, between family function and ego-identity. There were negative correlations between family strengths and depression, between family function and depression, between ego-identity and depression. Conclusion: In order to promote ego-identity and to decrease depression in adolescence, it is necessary to develop supporting interventions to develop family strengths.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.457-467
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• 2006

Purpose: Community health practitioners (CHP) in Korea have a responsibility for delivering primary health care to remote or isolated communities. The aim of this paper is to analyze CHPs' level of depression and impacts of their Ego state and interpersonal attitude in transactional analysis on depression. This paper gives fundamental data for developing a the program for mental health promotion of CHPs. Method: The subjects Of this Study consisted of 459 Korean CHP who were conveniently selected from the target population. The data was collected through interviews using self-administered questionnaires, including the Korean Ego gram and life position inventory and depression scale. Results: The CHP's Ego gram showed the N type with the top point of NP. The type of interpersonal attitude was I'M OK - YOU'RE OK (I+U++). The level of depression was 35.4, normal range. There was a significant difference in depression according to the duration of the career. There was a significant negative correlation among NP, A, FC ego states, interpersonal OK and depression, and a significant positive correlation between interpersonal Not-OK and depression. The NP, A, FC ego states and interpersonal Not-OK were significant predictors (47.1%) of depression. Conclusion: This study showed that a program for CHPs to should include increasing the function of ego states and positive interpersonal attitude.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.39-51
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• 2002

Pregnancies of unmarried women are one of the most serious sex problems because they can negatively affect the lives and development of both unwed mothers and their extramarital children. The number of unwed adolescent mothers is growing recently, extending the seriousness of the problem. This study was conducted to explore the ego-state, life position and family systems that may cause unmarried pregnancy. The data obtained from the structured questionnaire survey of 79 unmarried adolescent mothers and 82 female adolescents were analyzed in terms of frequency and t-test using the SPSS WIN 8.0 program. The results were as follows: 1. Ego-state elements of unmarried adolescent mothers were distributed evenly in general and this falls under the All B(BBBBB) type of ego-gram, just like the adolescents. As for the subject adolescent mothers, CP was the lowest among the 5 egos. 2. As to the life position, the position of "I′m OK, You′re OK"was the highest for both groups, with slight differences. 3. With regard to the family system types sorted by the combination of family cohesion and family adaptability levels, both the adolescent. mothers and adolescents tended to perceive their families as somewhat-balanced or balanced families. 4. While the two groups of adolescent mothers and adolescents showed, on the whole, the same types for all the indicators like above, statistically significant differences were found in more detailed elements.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2016

Stress is resistance to stimuli to destroy a balance of mind and body in order to maintain an original steady state : A type of response and avoidance. Mild stress, which happens in tension, has a positive effect to improve concentration, but most of stress is likely to be a main factor to damage health. This is because it causes physical ailments and psychological diseases (e.g., depression, anger, frustration, loneliness, and anxiety). The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference between two groups, daytime and night university students, on ego-state, stressors, and stress coping types to improve their academic achievement by reducing their stress. There were 266 university students, who participated in a survey from November 30, 2015 until September 30, 2016. The study employed three measuring instruments : Ego-gram, stressor scale, and stress coping type scale. All the collected data were analyzed through regression analysis and t-test. The results of the regression analysis showed no significant differences in ego-state, stressors, and stress coping types between two groups. However, the results of t-test showed significant difference between the two groups : In terms of ego-state, a CP (Critical Parent) average of the night university students was significantly higher than the daytime university students'. Also, there is a significant difference in employment, future issues, and economic issues : the daytime university students considered employment and future issues more serious, while the night university students had more mental burdens of economic issues. When it comes to coping stress types, there was no significant difference between the two groups.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.77-95
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• 2014

본 연구의 목적은 교류분석이론에서 제시한 이고그램(egogram)을 통해서 사서교사의 자아 상태 유형을 분석하는 것이다. 교사의 바람직한 자아 상태는 A(Adult)와 NP(Nurturing Parent) 그리고 FC(Free Child)가 CP(Critical Parent)나 AC(Adapted Child)보다 높은 것이다. 그러나 사서교사는 CP가 높고 A와 FC가 낮게 나타났다. 이것은 사서교사가 자신의 가치관과 신념을 바른 것이라고 여기고 있음을 의미한다. 또한 양보하려 하지 않고 규칙과 규범을 강조하는 완고한 태도를 가지고 있다고도 볼 수 있다. 이러한 사서교사의 자아 상태는 학생의 자주적 학습을 강조하는 구성주의 학습 환경에서 교수자로서의 역할 수행에 걸림돌이 될 수 있다. 따라서 사서교사 양성과정에서 교수자는 물론 교수 파트너로서의 역량을 기를 수 있도록 교육정보봉사 영역과 교육용 콘텐츠 및 수업용 자료 개발 프로그램을 강화할 필요가 있다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2011

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to identify the correlations between the ego-states of the 119 emergency medical technicians(119 EMTs) and the burnout and help them grow as a profession. Method : This is a descriptive study and the subjects of this study were 81 EMTs in 119 fire station in G City. This study tried to reveal the burnout in 119 EMTs in accordance with ego-state. Results : The highest score of 119 EMTs was the Nutrition Parent(NP) which showed $32.90{\pm}2.07$. The second highest was of the Critical Parent(CP), $31.95{\pm}2.79$. The Ego-gram profile of 119 EMTs was slope N type. The burnout was $78.90{\pm}13.19$, the physical burnout was highest($28.86{\pm}4.14$) in the low rank territory. The ego state according to level, the comparison of the degree of burnout, Free Child(FC) all but the type of ego-states burnout of the high groups appeared to be much higher. The correlations between their ego-states and the burnout of 119 EMTs appeared to be related to the 'plus(+)' correlation for the Free Child(FC ; r=0.243, p=0.029) and the Adapted Child(AC ; r=0.567, p=0.000), and CP, NP and Adult(A) appeared to be unrelated to the correlation. Results of the regression analysis show that the personal characteristic that has the biggest effect on the burnout of 119 EMTs was the AC(0.717), which seems to have a measurable effect on the statistics(p<0.01). Conclusion : Understanding the personality of 119 EMTs and its the application in the workforce will increase the human resources management system for the fire station officials.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권12호
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• pp.153-163
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to investigate the differences of appearance behavior and ego integrity of elderly women according to demographic variables, and health, and to examine how the ego integrity of elderly women was influenced by appearance behavior, health, and demographic variables. The subjects were 117 elderly women(aged 60 to 70) in Jinju, Korea who were interviewed face-to face with a survey questionnaire. The results of the study were as follows. There were significant differences in appearance adornment and ego integrity (wise living and attitude toward life) according to age. After controlling for age, there were significant differences in appearance interest, makeup, and ego integrity according to education. There was a significant difference in ego integrity (attitude toward life) according to the presence of a spouse or mate. There were significant differences in appearance interest, makeup, and ego integrity according to health. Health and education had a significant effect on satisfaction with the present living. Health, age(-), and appearance behavior had a significant effect on wise living. Health, age(-), and education had a significant effect on attitude toward life. Education and health had a significant effect on appearance behavior. The present findings indicate that health state and appearance behavior, such as appearance interest and makeup, had a significant effect on the ego integrity of elderly women. On the whole, the ego integrity of elderly women was positively correlated with the level of health state, education, and appearance behavior.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.858-863
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• 2014

본 연구는 성격구조인 자아상태(Ego-state)의 변화를 통해 자신의 성장과 건강의 유익성을 평가하고 있는 교류분석(Transactional Analysis : TA) 과 사람의 생체신호 중 뇌에서 발생하는 전기적 신호를 모니터링하는 뇌파를 이용하여 객관적으로 측정할 수 있는지를 알아보았다. 뇌파 검사결과, M형은 건강한 성인의 뇌파 소견으로 잠을 자지 않은 상태에서 후두부에서 a, ${\beta}$가 우세하게 관찰되었다. 특히, ${\beta}$는 긴장하거나 집중되는 정신 활동시 뇌 전체에 광범위하게 나타는데, M형의 실험자들은 N형의 실험자들과는 달리 안정된 상태에서도 ${\beta}$가 주종을 이루는 것을 알 수 있었다. N형은 건강한 성인의 뇌파 소견으로 잠을 자지 않은 상태에서 후두부에서 a, ${\beta}$가 우세하게 관찰되었다. 특히, 안정시에는 긴장이나 집중하는 M형과 달리, 긴장과 눈깜박임 같은 잡음도 나타나지 않았다. 더불어 이고그램의 패턴과 상관없이 A자아의 수치가 높은 대상자는 안정된 상태로 빨리 돌아오지 않고 눈깜박임과 침삼킴, 잡음이 많은 것을 보였다. 그리고 자아상태와 인생태도의 데이터의 차이가 모든 항목에서 같거나 -5이하인 11명의 뇌파가 전반적으로 $20{\mu}V$의 낮은 진폭을 보였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 교류분석이론의 성격 패턴의 이론과 뇌파의 소견이 일치하는 것을 규명하였으며, 이고그램의 각 자아상태에 따라 뇌파 역시 관련이 있음을 확인하였다.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.193-210
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• 2007

This essay is an attempt to give a theoretical articulation of novelistic mimesis as the narrative form of modernity. With the passage to modernity, what assumes the locus of the symbolic authority is no longer God, Father, or tradition, but the cultural gaze or the ego-ideal. At the same time, this gaze paradoxically coalesces with the "spectacle of the world," on the side of the reified "other": the gaze is both the desexualized ego-ideal and its instantaneous transmogrification and resexualization in the opaque world of objects. The imaginary ego or the eye on the side of the subject of representation is held at abeyance in a state of perpetual fascination and desperation in relation to the gaze as the world of "others," which lies always at one remove from the purview of the imaginary ego. This understanding of the inadequation of the ego to the cultural gaze of the reified world provides a critical fulcrum upon which I base my theory of the modern narrative mimesis as the "perverse" field of spatial arrangement, in which the split of the subjectivity into the imaginary ego and the ego-ideal is suspended over the phantasmatic world of bodies and territories.