• 농업과학연구
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.61-78
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• 2013

The following four aspects should be examined in detail to revitalize North-East Asian agricultural cooperation specialized with Korea, Japan, and China. First, quality and safety standards of agricultural food should be unified. Secondly, it is necessary to build a food security cooperative system in North-East Asia. If three countries build the system, they can overcome a problem such as unstable supply and demand due to natural disaster, and also they can cope with food crisis. Thirdly, to establish North-East Asian Agro-valley is needed. After forming food production belt that connects Korea, Hokkaido in Japan, and the three north-eastern provinces in China, it is possible to realize high value-added agriculture with producing and processing of complementary food for partner country. Lastly, trilateral FTA negotiations should be managed carefully with operating the agricultural special zone and exclusion or prolong period of removal of tariff on sensitive items.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.129-168
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• 2016

The Asia-Pacific region is not typically seen as one geographic or socio-economic space. Yet, 58 regional economies occupying the space of 28 million square kilometers from Turkey in the West, Russian Federation in the North, French Polynesia in the East and New Zealand in the South belong to the Economic and Social Commission of Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). This commission provides a forum for member states that "promotes regional cooperation and collective action, assisting countries in building and sustaining shared economic growth and social equity". In 2013, ESCAP's members adopted the Bangkok Declaration to enhance efforts towards deeper regional economic integration. Yet this document neither proposes a concrete modality or modalities of achieving deeper integration, nor provides a sense of distance of individual countries to a "perceived" integrated Asia-Pacific.This paper aims to comprehensively quantify recent integration efforts of economies in the Asia-Pacific region. We provide an "index of integration effort" based on twelve metrics that measure the relative distance of a given economy to the region as an economic entity. Generally, we find that while the region has trended towards becoming integrated in general, both the level of integration and integration effort are inconsistent among Asia-Pacific economies. We discuss potential applications and extensions of the index in developing our perspective of the region's economic and social dynamics.

• 수완나부미
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.51-89
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• 2017

Strategically situated between the East-West maritime crossroads, the peoples of Southeast Asia over the centuries witnessed the comings and goings of traders from territories from East Asia, South Asia, West Asia and Europe. There were also those from North America that crossed the Pacific for commercial profits in this region. Foreign traders undoubtedly in the course of their visits and sojourns had liaisons with local women, some engaged in marriages. Offspring of these interracial miscegenation possessed rather unique characteristics. As a community, they were identified with the Malay term, peranakan, from the root word, "anak" meaning "child," hence "offspring" or "descendent". Specific terms - Baba Nyonya, Tionghoa-Selat, Chitty, Jawi Pekan, Pashu, Kristang - referred to particular groups. Although socially they appeared 'neither here nor there', members of mixed parentage were able to carve an especial niche in the local environment throughout Southeast Asia, conspicuously in urban, port-cities where trade and commerce predominated. Following in the footsteps of their progenitor, the Peranakan acted as intermediaries, comprador between foreign and indigenous enterprises, profiting financially and socially from trade and commerce. Tapping on the author's personal experiences and first-hand observations, complementing with oral sources, and support from secondary materials, this present essay explores, discusses, and analyzes the eclectic sociocultural practices and traditions of the Baba Nyonya of George Town, Penang. Purposeful intention is to further enlighten our understanding, and in turn, our appreciation, of these ever increasingly diminishing communities and their cultures across Southeast Asia.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.285-297
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 각 대륙별 한국의 수출입액 동향을 살펴보고, 향후 한국 수출을 증대하기 위한 방안을 찾아보는데 있다. 각 대륙은 아시아, 유럽, 북미, 중남미, 중동을 선정하였다. 분석기간은 2000년 1월부터 2018년 4월까지 총 220개월이며, 관세청에서 자료를 수집하였다. 회귀분석결과, Coefficient가 아시아, 유럽, 북미, 중동, 중남미 순으로 높게 나왔다. 각 대륙별 시장은 서로 독립적으로 움직이고, t통계량과 p-value($${\leq_-}0.01$$)에서 통계적으로 유의하게 산출되었다. 최근 유럽, 중동, 중남미가 새로운 시장으로 부각되고 있다. 향후 한국의 수출 증대를 위해서는 중국과 동남아시아를 비롯한 아시아 시장에 대한 지속적인 관심이 필요하다. 또한 새로운 시장으로 떠오르는 유럽, 중동, 중남미에 대한 수출비중을 높이기 위해 효율적인 대응전략을 마련해야 한다.

• 해양안보
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-29
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• 2023

동북아시아에서는 '바큇살 구조'라 불리우는 미국 중심의 양자동맹체제가 지속되고 있다. 그러나 최근 급변하는 동아시아의 국제정세와 이에 대응하기 위해 국가들 간 다각도로 협력하는 양상들을 보았을 때, 이러한 동맹체제의 변화 가능성에 대해서 진단해 볼 필요성이 제기되었다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 주 위협, 위협의 강도, 국가 간 신뢰도라는 요인을 바탕으로, 유럽과 동남아시아의 집단안보체제에 관한 사례연구 및 비교분석을 통해 이에 대한 영향을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 이를 바탕으로 동북아에서의 안보체제 변화 가능성에 대해서 연구를 진행하였으며, 현재의 갈등이 지속적으로 악화된다면 동북아를 넘어 동아시아 전반에서의 집단안보체제가 형성될 가능성이 분명히 존재한다고 보았다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

This paper presents the effects of an increase or a decrease of a power reserve by load flow calculations under the seasonal load patterns of each country for the future power shortages faced by the metropolitan areas or by the southeastern area of South Korea in North-East Asia. In this paper, the various cases of the power system interconnections in Far-East Asia are presented, and the resulting interconnected power systems are simulated by means of a power flow analysis performed with the PSS/E 28 version tool. Data for simulation were obtained from the 2-th long term plan of electricity supply and demand in KEPCO. The power flow map is drawn from simulated data and the comparative study is done. In the future, a power flow analysis will be considered to reflect the effects of seasonal power exchanges. And the plan of assumed scenarios will be considered with maximum or minimum power exchanges during summer or winter in North-East Asian countries.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-81
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• 2014

This study aims to answer two questions using input-output decomposition analysis: 1) Have emerging Asian economies decoupled? 2) What are the sources of structural changes in gross outputs and value-added of emerging Asian economies related to the first question? The main findings of the study are as follows: First, since 1990, there has been a trend of increasing dependence on exports to extra-regions such as G3 and the ROW, indicating no sign of "decoupling", but rather an increasing integration of emerging Asian countries into global trade. Second, there is a contrasting feature in the sources of structural changes between non-China emerging Asia and China. Dependence of non-China emerging Asia on intra-regional trade has increased in line with strengthening economic integration in East Asia, whereas China has disintegrated from the region. Therefore, it can be said that China has contributed to no sign of decoupling of emerging Asia as a whole.

• 대순사상과 동아시아종교
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.73-99
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• 2023

The dragon is a special imaginary figure created by the people of East Asia. Its archetypes appeared primarily as totemic symbols of different tribes and groups in the region. The formation of early dynasties probably generated the molding of the dragon symbol. Dragon symbols carried deep imprints of nature. They concealed alternative messages of how ancient people at different locations dealt with or interacted with nature. Under pressure to standardize in the medieval and late imperial periods, the popular dragon had to transform physically and ideologically. It became imposed, unified, and framed, conveying ideas of caste classification and power, and losing itsecological implications. The dragon transitioned from a semi-ecological domain into a total social caste system. However, many people considered the "standardized" dragon as the symbol of the oppressor. Because of continuous orthopraxy and calls for imperial reverence, especially under orthopractic agenda and the surveillance of local elites, the popularized dragon was imbued within local artworks or hidden under the sanctity of Buddhas or popular gods in order to survive. Through disguise, the popular dragon partially maintained its ecological narratives. When the imperial dynasties ended in East Asia (1910 in Korea, 1911 in China, 1945 in Vietnam), the dragon was dramatically decentralized. However, trends of re-standardization and re-centralization have emerged recently in China, as the country rises in the global arena. In this newly-emerging "re-orthopraxy", the dragon has been superimposed with a more externally political discourse ("soft power" in international relations) rather than the old-style standardization for internal centralization in the late imperial period. In the contemporary world, science and technology have advanced humanity's ability to improve the world; however, it seems that people have abused science and technology to control nature, consequently damaging the environment (pollution, global warming, etc.). The dragon symbol needs to be re-defined, "re-molded", re-evaluated and reinterpreted accordingly, especially under the newly-emerging lens-the New Confucian "anthropocosmic" view.

• 복식
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.113-125
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• 2010

This study is purpose to trace a genealogy of Rainbow stripe in 30 ethnic costumes in East Asia. And with through comparative views between Korean and the other minority that is shown a bilateral relation of rainbow stripe in their costume, we make sure the unique character of rainbow stripe in Korean traditional costume. The stripe in the costumes was generally used on sleeves with 3~6 patches. There were 10 types of methods for making the stripe including sewing. Weaving and sewing with trimming was also frequently used either and the stripe by weaving with multicolored yarns were mostly found in the southern region of china. Black, blue and red were frequently used in the costume as a main color that was contrasted with rainbow stripe and especially, black was mostly used. Korean preferred bright colors as a main color. Contents of the genealogy of the multicolored stripe in ethnic costume in East Asia are followed. The 28 ethnic groups who used the stripe in their dress except Korean, the Mans, Mongo people and Tibetan were located in the southern region of East Asia. And the other ethnic groups distributed in the northwest and northeast region of East Asia. The distribution of the rainbow stripe in the costume could be grouped into two sections: the southern region people and Korean-the Mongol people-the Tus- the Zangs group. And the latter group was shown strong relation with the culture of Korean's rainbow stripe costume. 11 ethnic peoples including Korean, the Vis, the Miaos, the Tus, the Mongol people, the Chaoxians, the Zangs, the Lahus, the Jinuos, the Hanis, the Luobas and the Dulongs, were saliently used the stripe in their costume. The stripe in Japanese costume was judged that was not a kind of the rainbow stripe was shown the other ethnic groups, was a color arrangement by layered dress or geometrical pattern. From above, we could recap a particular characteristic of the rainbow stripe in Korean traditional costume. Many colors were used in the stripe and bodies than the other ethnic people and the color was bright. In many cases, a color of patch at the point of armhole was red and Black color was not used in the stripe. The width of patch was a relatively narrow and regular. It has shown that the rainbow stripe in Korean traditional costume was organized independently.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.260-276
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• 2021

습지는 습지를 구성하는 내·외부적 환경으로부터 끊임없이 영향을 받으면서 크고 작은 변화를 겪는다. 람사르 등록 습지의 약 15%가 위치하고 있는 동아시아 지역은 다양한 습지 유형, 생물 다양성 등으로 매우 보존가치가 높은 지역이지만, 기후변화 등의 요인으로 습지 면적의 감소, 생물 다양성 훼손 등의 문제가 제기되고 있다. 이를 완화하고 습지의 지속적인 관리를 위해서는 습지의 변화 요인을 파악하고, 각 요인이 어떤 영향을 미치는지 분석할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 동아시아 지역의 습지관련 문헌분석을 통해 습지의 변화에 영향을 주는 요인을 도출하고, 영향 요인별 관계를 분석하여 향후 습지 변화요인을 고려한 연구방향을 제시하였다. 대부분의 동아시아 지역 국가는 직접적인 요인 내 추출 요인과 간접적인 요인 내 물-에너지 인프라, 관광/레저 요인에 대한 연구가 부족하였다. 또한 각 요인 간 연결성 및 관계 분석 결과와 Ramsar에서 제시한 요인 간 관계표를 통해 추가적인 연구에 대한 방향을 제시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 얻은 결과들은 동아시아 지역의 연구개발 협력체계 구축, 습지 관리 역량 강화 등에 기여할 것으로 판단된다.