• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.702-708
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• 1999

배경: 미숙아 동맥관 개존증의 약물적 치료로 Indomethacin을 사용하는데 이때 발생하는 합병증, 부적응증, 또는 동맥관이 다시 열릴 경우 외과적으로 교정함으로써 수술에 따른 위험성 및 합병증이 적고 지속적인 동 맥관 폐쇄가 가능하다. 대상 및 방법: 1996년 4월부터 1998년 8월까지 동맥관 개존증을 동반한 미숙아중 수 술 당시의 체중이 1.5 kg 이하인 11명의 환아(남아: 5, 여아: 6)를 대상으로 하였다. 술전 동반질환으로 선천 성 심질환(7), 유리질막증(6), 폐렴(4), 뇌실내 출혈(4), 기흉(3), 고빌리루빈혈증(2), 괴사성 장염(2), 신부전증 (1), 간질(1), 수두증(1) 등이 있었다. 사용된 외과적 술식은 헤모클립을 사용한 경우(8)와 동맥관을 결찰한 경 우(3)가 있었다. 동맥관의 크기는 3~6 mm(5.0$\pm$1.2)였다. 결과: 동맥관을 폐쇄한후 수축기 및 확장기 혈압이 상승하였고 심박동수는 감소하였다. 동맥혈 개스 결과도 호전되었다. 수술과 관련된 합병증은 없었다. 술후 6명의 환아에서 호흡기 증상의 호전과 함께 인공호흡기이탈이 가능했고 모두 외래 추적 관찰중이다(3개월~ 12개월). 술후 5명의 환아가 사망하였는데 사망 원인은 유리질막증(2례), 기관지폐 이형성증과 폐렴(1례), 패 혈증(1례), 심부전증과 특발성 호흡곤란증(1례)이었다. 결론: Indomethacin에 부적응증 혹은 합병증이 있거나, Indomethacin용법에 효과가 없거나 또는 혈역학적으로 의미있는 단락을 동반하는 미숙아 동맥관의 우선 치료 법은 조기 외과적 교정술이다.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.747-752
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• 1996

최근 비디오흥강경의 발달로 인하여 많은 수의 외과의사들에 의하여 자연기흥에 대하여 비디오흥강 경을 이용한 기포절제술이 적절한 치료법으로 제시되고 있지만 지금까지 이 수술 후의 추적관찰 결과 등에 대하여는 크게 보고된 바가 없다. 저자는 1994년 6월부터 1995년 12월까지 38회의 비디오흥강경을 이용한 기포절제술을 시행받은 자연기흥 환자 34례(1군)를 대상으로 그 수술결과와 조기 추적관찰 결과 를분석하였으며 동시에 이 결과를 같은 기간에 액와절개술을통해 기포절제술을시행받은환자 14례(2 군)의 결과와 비교하였다. 성별, 나이, 기흥의 위치와 정도, 수술적응증, 그리고 수술후 합병증 발생률은 두군에서 유의한 차이 를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 2군에서 1군에 비해 기포의 숫자와 위치가 다발성인 경향이 있었으며 1군에 서 기포절제술시 사용한 자동봉합기의 숫자는 2개에서 4개 사이로 평균 2.6개를 차지하고 있었다. 흥관제거시까지의 기간은 두군에서 차이가 없었으나(3.7일, 3.9일)퇴원시까지의 기간은 1군(5.6일)에 서 2군(8.9일)에 비해 유의하게 짧았다. 수술후2개월에서 21개월까지 평균 12개월의 추적관찰기간중 1 군에서는 3례(7. %)의 기흥재발이 있었으나 2군에서는 기흥의 재발례가 없었다. 이상의 결과로 기흥에 대한 비디오홍강경수술이 액와절개술에 의한 수술보다 덜 침습적 이고 재원기 간이 팎아지는등의 장점이 있으나 수술후 기흥의 재발률이 높은 것으로 관찰되어 이의 적용에는 신중을 기해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 종양간호연구
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.52-62
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to analyze the research trend centering on the theses to cancer nursing research in digestive system released in Korea. Method: The researcher collected the academic degrees and theses published on the book of the academic soceity from January 1993 to August, 2004, and examined 38 domestic papers of cancer nursing research in digestive system. Results: 1) As for the subject, the results were : patients with stomach cancer 25(66%), colon cancer 4(11%), rectal cancer 3(8%), and others(taxi drivers 2, family of cancer patents. 2) As for the research designs the result were : quantitative studies were 33(87%), and qualitative studies were 9(23%). 3) As for key concepts of survey, the results were : life patterns of patients with rectal cancer, oral intake of stomach cancer patients, fatigue of stomach cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, nursing needs when discharging from hospital after operation with gastrectomy, and so on. 4) As for the comparative studies, the results were : risk factors between colorectal patients and general population, early symptom and risk factors between stomach cancer patients and general population, and risk factors between stomach cancer and patients with gastritis. 5) As for main concepts of correlational studies, the results were : quality of life, health belief, fatigue, health promotion behavior, social support, straitanxiety. 6) The treatment of experimental research, the results were : information services, arc reflex massage, acupressure, educational program for discharge, 7)As for the qualitative studies, in terms of subjects, stomach cancer patients were 2, spouse of patients with stomach cancer was 1, rectal cancer patients were 2. In the theme of the qualitative studies, the results were: experience of family of patients with stomach cancer, experience of long term survival of patients with rectal cancer, experience of disease process of rectal cancer patiens. 8) As for the used instrument in studies, the results were : Strait-anxiety Scale by Spielberger, Nausea and Vomiting Scale by Rhodes, Social support by Tae and Lee, Health belief by Champion, Becker, and Moon. QOL by NCCN, Roh, Pdilla, Kwon, Revised Fatigue Scale by Piper, Health Locus of Control by Wallston and Wallston, Uncertainty Scale by Mishel. Conclusions: More research needs to be encouraged in various subject of cancer patients in digestive system. More nonexperimental and experimental researches should be conducted for the establishment of the basis of practical and theoretical framework and the providing good quality of care for cancer patients.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2017

도시화와 기후변화로 인해 홍수피해의 증가, 수질의 악화 등의 피해가 커지고 있다. 이에 대응하기 위해 전세계적으로 도시유역의 수문학적 체계를 가능한 자연 상태로 복원하고자 하는 기술인 저영향개발(Low Impact Development, LID) 기법에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 최근 정부에서 발표한 저탄소녹색성장기본법, 친수구역 특별법 등에서는 LID 기법과 같은 기술의 중요성을 명시하고 있다. 현재 저영향개발 요소기술은 다양하게 개발되고 있으나 요소기술의 효율성 검증에 대한 연구는 거의 전무한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 초보 단계에 있는 저영향개발(LID)기법의 효율성 검증을 위해 K-LIDM 모형을 사용하여 주차장의 투수 불투수 포장 최적 공간 분포를 분석하였다. 8가지의 포장 시나리오와 3가지 강우강도 시나리오를 활용하였으며, 하부 40%의 투수포장이 전체 투수포장과 유사한 약 90%의 유출 저감 효과를 나타내는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 분석과 실제 투수포장에 대한 실험의 연계를 통하여 향후 도시 계획, 단지 조성 등에 LID 시설을 배치하기 위한 근거 자료로 활용 될 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 간경변증 환자의 재입원 경험에 미치는 영향요인을 탐색하여 간경변증 재입원을 줄이기 위한 전략을 개발하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하기 위함이다. 연구대상자는 2019년 5월부터 6월까지 2개월 동안 S 시 중소병원에 입원한 75명의 간경변증 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 자료는 SPSS(Version 25.0) 통계 프로그램을 사용하였으며, 재입원에 영향을 미치는 요인에 대하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 하였다. 연구 결과, 자가 간호는 60점 만점에 평균 27.49±10.53점이었고, 사회적 지지는 90점 만점에 평균 52.80±16.44, 음주 거절 효능감은 80점 만점에 평균 42.39±22.76점이었다. 재입원 방법은 계획된 입원과 계획되지 않은 입원으로 분류하였는데, 계획되지 않은 재입원은 계획된 재입원보다 퇴원 후 한 달 이내의 음주 경험(OR: 4.16), 합병증 유무(OR: 5.11)에 따라 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 설명력은 19.7%이었다. 간경변증 환자에게 조기에 관리하여 합병증의 발생을 줄이고, 음주에 대한 자가 간호와 사회적 지지 및 음주 거절 효능감을 증가시켜 계획되지 않은 재입원을 줄이고 간경변증의 진행과 악화를 예방하는 것이 중요하겠다. 음주 경험과 합병증 발생은 자가 간호, 사회적 지지, 음주 거절 효능감을 증가시키는 중재를 통해 감소시킬 수 있으므로 간경변증 환자에게 음주하지 않도록 하며, 합병증 관리를 하는 간호 전략이 필요하겠다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.370-376
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• 2011

Objective : Posttraumatic cerebral infarction (PTCI), an infarction in well-defined arterial distributions after head trauma, is a known complication in patients with severe head trauma. The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the clinical and radiographic characteristics of PTCI, and to assess the effect on outcome of decompressive hemicraniectomy (DHC) in patients with PTCI. Methods : We present a retrospective analysis of 20 patients with PTCI who were treated between January 2003 and August 2005. Twelve patients among them showed malignant PTCI, which is defined as PTCI including the territory of Middle Cerebral Artery (MCA). Medical records and radiologic imaging studies of patients were reviewed. Results : Infarction of posterior cerebral artery distribution was the most common site of PTCI. Fourteen patients underwent DHC an average of 16 hours after trauma. The overall mortality rate was 75%. Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) of survivors showed that one patient was remained in a persistent vegetative state, two patients were severely disabled and only two patients were moderately disabled at the time of discharge. Despite aggressive treatments, all patients with malignant PTCI had died. Malignant PTCI was the indicator of poor clinical outcome. Furthermore, Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at the admission was the most valuable prognostic factor. Significant correlation was observed between a GCS less than 5 on admission and high mortality (p<0.05). Conclusion : In patients who developed non-malignant PTCI and GCS higher than 5 after head injury, early DHC and duroplasty should be considered, before occurrence of irreversible ischemic brain damage. High mortality rate was observed in patients with malignant PTCI or PTCI with a GCS of 3-5 at the admission. A large prospective randomized controlled study will be required to justify for aggressive treatments including DHC and medical treatment in these patients.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2013

In this study, non-point source(NPS) contribution was investigated based on flow rates and water qualities of streams into the lake during rainfall events. Event mean concentration(EMC) and the pollution loads were calculated to establish a database for NPS control measurement in the survey area, and so on. The runoff characteristics of NPS were investigated and estimated on the basis of the ratio of an agricultural to forest area in the stream of sub-catch basin during rainfall events. Non-point source pollution loads were also calculated to establish a database for NPS control measure in the upstream lake Chinyang. At a rainfall event, BOD concentrations rise sharply at the early peak time of runoff, however, peaks of TSS concentration were observed at the similar time of peak flow. This was a phenomenon shown at the watersheds caused by forest and geological types. The discharged EMC range was 2.9-4.8 mg/L in terms of BOD. The discharged EMC range was 6.2-8.2 mg/L in terms of SS. The discharged EMCs of T-N and T-P were 1.4-2.5 mg/L and 0.059-0.233 mg/L, respectively. Total BOD loading rate through the 3 tributaries to the lake Chinyang was 1,136 kg/d during dry weather. The upper watershed area of the Nam-river dam in this study was divided into 14 catchment basins based on the Korean guideline for total maximum daily load(TMDL) of water quality pollutants. The higher the agricultural land-use ratio, the more NPS loading rate discharged, but the more occupied a forest area, the lower more NPS loading rate discharged. In an agricultural land-use area more than 20%, the increase of NPS loadings might be dramatically diffused by increasing the integrated complex-use like vinyl-house facilities and fertilizer use etc. according to the effective land-use utilization. The NPS loading rates were BOD 0.3 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, SS 0.21 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, TN 0.02 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$, TP 0.005 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ under less than 10% agricultural land-use. In agricultural land-use of 20%-50%, these values were investigated in the range of 0.32 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.73 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for BOD, 0.92 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-3.32 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for SS, 0.70 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.90 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ TN, 0.03 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$-0.044 $kg/ha{\cdot}day$ for TP.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.307-326
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• 2004

Statement of problem. The long-term success of implants is the development of a stable direct connection between bone and implant surface, which must be structural and functional. To improve a direct implant fixation to the bone, various strategies have been developed focusing on the surface of materials. Among them, altering the surface properties can modify cellular responses such as cell adhesion, cell motility and bone deposition. Purpose. This study was to evaluate the cellular behaviors on the surface-modified titanium by morphological observation, cellular proliferation and differentiation. Material and methods. Specimens were divided into five groups, depending on their surface treatment: electropolishing(EP) anoclizing(AN), machining(MA), blasting with hydroxyapatite particle(RBM) and electrical discharge machining(EDM). Physicochemical properties and microstructures of the specimens were examined and the responses of osteoblast-like cells were investigated. The microtopography of specimens was observed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Surface roughness was measured by a three-dimensional roughness measuring system. The microstructure was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and scanning auger electron microscopy(AES). To evaluate cellular responses to modified titanium surfaces, osteoblasts isolated from neonatal rat were cultured. The cellular morphology and total protein amounts of osteoblast-like cell were taken as the marker for cellular proliferation, while the expression of alkaline phosphatase was used as the early differentiation marker for osteoblast. In addition, the type I collagen production was determined to be a reliable indicator of bone matrix synthesis. Results. 1. Each prepared specimen showed specific microtopography at SEM examination. The RBM group had a rough and irregular pattern with reticulated appearance. The EDM-treated surface had evident cracks and was heterogeneous consisting of broad sheet or plate with smooth edges and clusters of small grains, deep pores or craters. 2. Surface roughness values were, from the lowest to the highest, electropolished group, anodized group, machined group, RBM group and EDM group. 3. All groups showed amorphous structures. Especially anodized group was found to have increased surface oxide thickness and EDM group had titaniumcarbide(TiC) structure. 4. Cells on electropolished, anodized and machined surfaces developed flattened cell shape and cells on RBM appeared spherical and EDM showed both. After 14 days, the cells cultured from all groups were formed to be confluent and exhibited multilayer proliferation, often overlapped or stratified. 5. Total protein amounts were formed to be quite similar among all the group at 48 hours. At 14 days, the electropolished group and the anodized group induced more total protein amount than the RBM group(P<.05). 6. There was no significant difference among five groups for alkaline phosphatase(ALP) activity at 48 hours. The AN group showed significantly higher ALP activity than any other groups at 14 days(P<.05). 7. All the groups showed similar collagen synthesis except the EDM group. The amount of collagen on the electropolished and anodized surfaces were higher than that on the EDM surface(P<.05).

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.84-97
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• 2000

The Necessity and Purpose of the Study Recently the number of patients with chronic diseases and the aged patients is increasing steadily. Furthermore, due to the expansion of health insurance system, the number of patients hospitalized in the general hospital is increasing at a surprising speed. However, hospitals urge the early discharge of the patients for the efficiencies of hospital administration, and therefore, the number of patients who must be taken care of in their home is also increasing. Homecare nursing is one of the health care service for the patients at home who require continual attention and care, and now increasing attentions are given to it as one of the professional nursing fields. However, it was almost impossible to find a study on the actual experiences of the homecare nurses written by their own language in Korea, that it also posed a great difficulty in understanding their diverse experience. Considering these situation, this study will help understanding of them, and provide the fundamental data on their experiences for making policies to develop homecare nursing. Methods of Research Phenomenological research method was employed to analyze the lived experiences of homecare nurses fundamentally. Data collection Data were collected from August 1998 to December 1998 from ten homecare nurses who worked for patients under the homecare nursing setting as model cases designated by Seoul Nurses Association and who agreed to the purpose of this study after listening to and understanding the explanation completely. The in-depth interview was carried at the time which was convenient both for the researcher and participants for one or two hours, and recovered with the approval participants. The first interview covered diverse and broad areas like the situation of homecare nursing, and their feelings and thoughts over it, and in the second and third interviews, more specific questions are asked. Data Analysis For the phenomenological analysis, contents analysis was employed. The data collected from the participants were analyzed into the following procedures according to Van Manen 's phenomenological analysis. 1) Reserve the preconception of the researcher by restricting it inside parenthesis. 2) Make a thorough observation of the lived experiences by insight process. 3) Analyze the contents (Find out the repetitive factors) 4) Interpret the essence found. 5) State the meaning of the interpretation. Results and discussion 1. Fear and expectation for the first visit. (unfamiliarity, awkwardness, anxiety, shivering) 2. Mingle with the family (feeling friendly with the family, becoming like a family member) 3. Being proud of her own know-how (learning the know-how, organizing alternatives, building up confidence) 4. Pity for the poor. (criticizing the current government, feeling ashamed, feeling anger) 5. Difficulty of constructing cooperative system with physicians (strenuousness, frustration) 6. Helplessness due to the lack of support system (difficulty to get supplies, annoyance, embarrassment by institutional restraints) 7. Anxiousness for heavy traffic and parking (annoyance, hastiness) 8. Ethical conflicts (pity for the patients and family, skepticism about lengthening life maintenance) 9. Burden for the possible accident (pressure, anxiety, conflict, physical exhaustion) 10. Establishment of identity as a professional (fulfillment, worth, joy) 11. Being distressed at other's ignorance

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2006

목적: 본 연구는 Saccharomyces boulardii가 위암으로 위절제술을 받은 환자에서 위장관 증상과 영양상태를 호전시키는지 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2002년 12월부터 2004년 7월까지 서울대학교병원 외과에서 조기위암으로 위절제술을 받은 환자 90명을 대상으로 하여 시험군과 위약군(대조군)을 무작위 배정하여 12주 복용하게 하였다. 투약 전, 투약 12주 후, 투약종료 4주 후에 담당의사와 환자에 눈가림법을 적용하여 두 군의 위장관 증상과 영양 지표(혈액검사 및 체위)를 비교하였다. 결과: 남녀 비는 2.3 : 1이었고 평균 연령은 $56.3{\pm}10.2$세였다. 수술은 위아전절제술이 69예, 위전절제술이 21예였다. 연구가 시작된 후 중도 탈락한 환자가 14명(15.6%)이었고 이 중 시험군은 5명이었다. 위장관 증상에 있어서 시험군과 대조군 간의 의미 있는 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 전체적으로(n=76)투약 종료 4주 후의 혈중 알부민이 시험군에서 더 높게 나왔다(P=0.046). 위아전절제술과 위전절제술을 나누어 비교하였을 때, 위아전절제술을 받은 환자들(n=57)에서 역시 투약 종료 4주 후의 알부민이 시험군에서 더 높게 나왔다(P=0.049). 결론: 위암으로 위절제술을 받은 환자에서 Saccharomyces boulardii를 투여한 시험군에서 혈중 알부민이 높게 나와 Saccharomyces boulardii가 위절제술 후 영양을 호전시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있겠다.