• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.107-107
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• 2022

The increase in atmospheric temperature due to climate change prolongs the period of exposure to high-temperature environments during rice cultivation. In particular, high-temperature during early seed development greatly affects on the productivity and quality of rice. The high temperature at this time not only affects the transport and distribution of assimilates from leaves to seeds and the accumulation of starch in the seeds, but also affects the leaves, which are the production organs of assimilates, and increases the consumption of assimilation products due to an increase in respiration. Therefore, in this study, rice was grown in temperature gradient chambers(TGC) to analyze the effects of high temperature on physiological responses, assimilate production, and changes in gene expression in rice leaves. Analysis of chlorophyll and sugar contents and RNA-seq experiments were performed using flag leaves collected under normal and elevated temperature conditions, respectively, during the early seed development stage, and then these results were comprehensively discussed.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.102-113
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• 2009

When planning and promoting apartment house development project, it is very important to carry on profitability in planning stage through realistic evaluation and analysis about distributability. Especially, the analysis about project feasibility through forecasting the early distribute rate is crucial stage because it could evaluate overall expecting benefit and feasibility of the project. However, researches and studies related with forecasting profitability and distributabilty of construction development project are insufficient. Also there is a big gap of the standard for evaluating early distribute rate between government and individual corporations. So it is necessary to study about the evaluating early distribute rate. In this point, this study aims to present effective evaluating standard(criteria) which is for forecasting profitability and distribute rate through analyzing various factors and weight of apartment house development projects. This study compared and analyzed examples of the real initial rate of private apartment sale based on the government estimated standard. Among estimated index, omitted items and factors to be additionally considered are combined as 33 detail appraisal contents of 4 parts 9 items by allotting them based on the data about priority of all considered factors.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.116-121
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• 2023

This study was conducted in Cheonan of central region in South Korea to evaluate the forage characteristics of early-maturing Italian ryegrass (IRG) within September, 2021 to June, 2023. The three different varieties of Italian ryegrass were prepared in this study 'Kogreen', 'Kospeed' and 'Kowinearly'. The results of heading date in this study, 'Kogreen' was the earliest in among cultivars and recorded 24th of April, whereas 'Kowinearly' was recorded the latest. In case of plant length parameter, 'Kowinearly' was the highest, in addition lodge tolerance score 'Kowinearly' also superior in whole cultivars. The dry matter yield of 'Kowinearly' was recorded significantly the highest (11,027 kg/ha), in contrast 'Kospeed' was recorded significantly the lowest (8,455 kg/ha). As a result of ADF and NDF content 'Kospeed' was recorded excellent value as compared the other two cultivars. The CP content of this study was excellent in the order of 'Kospeed' > 'Kowinearly' > 'Kogreen'. In case of the monosaccharides content 'Kogreen' had relatively higher glucose and fructose content than other four cultivars, therefore the 'Kogreen' has advantage for preparing high quality of silage. In conclusion, among the three different early varieties of Italian ryegrass, 'Kowinearly' was the superior in forage productivity, 'Kospeed' was the highest in feed value and 'Kospeed' had the highest in glucose and fructose content.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.309-327
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• 2003

In this paper, we deal with the teaching of algebra in the elementary school mathematics, and call this algebra teaching method as ‘early algebra’. Early algebra is appeared in the 1980's with the discussion of ‘algebraic thinking’. And many studies about early algebra is in progress since 1990's. These studies aims at reducing difficulties in the teaching of algebra and the development of algebra curriculum. We investigate the background of early algebra, and justify teaching of early algebra. Also we examine the projects and studies in progress around the world. Finally through these discussions, we compare our elementary textbooks with early algebra, and verify the characters of early algebra from our arithmetic curriculum.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.291-300
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a plan for prospective early childhood teachers to plan, design, and produce and the results of operating a teaching model. To this end, we will identify video content for each age and video content of various topics and video playback time required by early childhood education sites, actively collect opinions from workers currently in early childhood education institutions, and suggest ways to develop on-site video content in the university curriculum. This requires prospective early childhood teachers to improve their self-understanding capabilities, community capabilities, and creative convergence capabilities, including digital capabilities. Through this, we intend to contribute to fostering smart early childhood teachers and creating a kindergarten activity and environment applying the latest video technology.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.145-151
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• 2007

In this paper, tests are carried out in order to investigate the strength development of concrete under various binder types, W/B and curing temperature ranged from $5{\sim}20^{\circ}C$. Fly ash and blast furnace slag were incorporated by as much as 30%, respectively. Strength development of concrete are estimated using Logistic model and strength ratio of concrete at 28days to that at early age are also investigated. According to experimental results, it is found that good agreements are obtained between measured values and calculated ones using logistic model below $20^{\circ}C$. Strength ratio of concrete at 28days to that at early age increases in case W/B decreases and curing temperature increases. Tables and graphs for strength ratio of concrete are provided in this paper. It is capable of obtaining and predicting the periods to attain design strength by considering increment factor of strength easily with the table and graphs presented in this paper. This paper presents the reference data to decide removal time of form, time to reach target strength and strength inspection of remicon whether the test specimens meet the specified criteria of compressive strength. Multi regression models with respect to the relationship between 7days compressive strength and 28 days compressive strength depending on W/B and admixture types are presented.

• Toxicological Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.215-222
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• 1997

The features of seizure-related brain injuries in rats poisoned i.p. with diisopropylfiuorophosphate were investigated. Pyridostigmine bromide (0.1 mg/kg) and atropine methylnitrate (20 mg/kg), which are centrally inactive, were pretreated i.m. 30 min and 10 min, respectively. before diisopropylfluorophosphate (10 mg /kg, $2LD_50$) poisoning to reduce the mortality and eliminate peripheral signs. Diisopropylfluorophosphate induced severe limbic seizures, and early necrotic and delayed apoptotic brain injuries. The necrotic brain injury, which was closely related to seizure intensity, was exerted as early as 1 hr predominently in hippocampus and piriform cortex. showing spongiform change (malacia) of neurophils in severe cases, in contrast to a typical apoptotic (TUNEL-positive)pattern after 12 hr in thalamus, and a mixed type in amygdala. Nitric oxide content in cerebrospinal fiuid significantly increased after 2 hr, reaching a maximal level at 6 hr. Pretreatment with $_L-N^G$-nitroarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, reduced nitric oxide content and attenuated only apoptotic brain injury in all four brain regions examined without affecting seizure intensity and necrotic injury. Taken together, early necrotic and delayed apoptotic brain injuries induced by diisopropylfiuorophosphate poisoning in rats may be related to seizure intensity and nitric oxide production, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.271-276
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• 2011

The working conditions of construction equipments such as excavators, wheel loaders and haulers are very tough and severe in fact. To design main components of construction equipment under the severe environment, it's important for engineers to consider design for vibration durability point of view at the early stage of product development process. Radiator as a cooling unit of construction equipment is one of critical components to apply design for vibration. We present a design for vibration process and methodology on the radiator system in construction equipment industries. From the natural frequency and the random vibration analysis based on field vibration test data, we could find current status of radiator layout design to develop and made best layout specification of radiator design to decide for product development process at the early stage.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.259-266
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• 2014

The egg development and early life history of Korean spotted sleeper, Odontobutis interrupta which is Korean endemic species from Sora-choen was investigated. The Korean spotted sleeper were caught at Sora-myeon, Yeosu-si, Jeollanamdo, from Korea at May in 2014. The fertilized eggs were $4.23{\pm}0.05mm$ in long diameter and had oil globules. Hatching time of the embryo began about 442 hr 14 min after fertilization under water temperature of $19.5^{\circ}C$. The newly hatched larvae were $4.27{\pm}0.35mm$ in total length and their anus were not yet opened. 3 days after hatching postlarvae was measured $6.20{\pm}0.11mm$ in total length. 10 days after hatching postlarvae was measured $6.69{\pm}0.14mm$ in total length.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.29-47
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the definition of school readiness specific to the context of the Republic of Korea. The school readiness test can be used as basic data to enable early childhood educational institutes to determine the general readiness of preschoolers and provide support to fit individual characteristics. For this purpose, six stages of the school readiness development process were considered, that is, draft development, primary preliminary survey, primary expert verification, secondary expert verification, secondary preliminary survey, and main survey. In the main survey, tests were conducted using the school readiness final draft targeting 344 preschoolers living in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The item discrimination power analysis and factor analysis for the examination area and question area were also conducted. Consequently, a test tool was developed on the basic of the results obtained, consisting of 129 items in the five areas of knowledge, function, adaptation, tendency, and attitude. The knowledge area was divided into general, linguistic, and mathematical knowledge, and the function area into fine motor function, basic living ability, expressive function, and gross motor function. The adaptation area was classified into adaptation activity, separation anxiety, maladaptive behavior, and environment adaptation; the tendency area into learning tendency; others understanding, and individual tendency, and the attitude area into rule compliance and life habits.