• 수산경영론집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.44-56
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• 1983

This study is attempted to serve the fundamental theory for ‘The reorganization of Korean coastal and adjacent water fishery.’ On the Korean coastal and adjacent water fishery where one species stock is catched by multiple fisheries, traditional analysis is not suitable, as analyzing through adjusting the heterogeneous fishing effort among the fisheries to an unit having same fishing strength. Therefore, this study presents the ‘Multi-Variable Model’, adopting fishing effort from each fishery as independent variable, respectively, in order to analyze the quantitative fluctuation of fishery resource not with fishing strength but with amount of fishing effort, measured by the unit of each fishery. For the sake of simplication, this study assumes that one species is catched by two fishery, premise two assumption. 1) Every fishery has not the selectivity in fishing 2) The promotion of fishing efficiency is accomplished in the same speed. Resource equilibrium equation of each fishery is; $$CPUE_1=\frac{Y_1}{E_1}=a_1+ b_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E_1$$ $$CPUE_1=\frac{Y_1}{E_1}=a_1+ b_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E_1$$ Sustainable yield equation is; $$SY_1=a_1\cdot E_1+\cdot b_1E{_1}{^2}+c_1\cdot E_1\cdot E_1$$ $$SY_1=a_1\cdot E_1+b_1\cdot E_1\cdot E_1+c_1\cdot E{_1}{^2}$$ This study is rudimentary, hereafter, refinemental analysis will be supplemented.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.728-736
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• 2001

본 연구에서는 우리의 전통한과인 유과의 저장성을 향상시키기 위하여 저장 중 저장조건에 따른 품질변화를 측정하고자 하였다. 유과를 상온에서 저장하면서 색을 측정한 결과 백색도(L)의 경우 저장기간 동안 전반적으로 감소하였고, 적색도(a)의 경우 E1EA 처리구는 감소하였고, 황색도(b)의 경우 저장초기부터 서서히 증가하였다. 텍스쳐에 있어서 상관성을 보이는 경도와 씹힘성의 경우 전반적으로 감소하는 경향이었으나 E2A, E2EA 처리구는 저장기간이 길어질수록 감소하였고 E1A 및 E1EA 처리구는 감소하다가 증가하는 경향이었다. 산가는 E2A 처리구는 12주 저장까지, E1A와 E1EA는 10주 저장까지 한과류에 대한 기준치인 2.0 이하로 측정되었다. 저장 중 산패의 지표인 과산화물가는 E1A, E2A 처리구는 저장 12주까지 기준치인 40이하로 측정되었으며. E2EA의 경우 단지 포장재만으로도 10주까지 34.65로 아주 낮은 값을 보여주었다. Electronic nose를 이용하여 대조구와 처리구간의 향기특성 패턴을 분석한 결과 6주 저장까지는 포장재질에 따른 향기특성의 변화가 가장 적은 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 탈산소재의 유무와 관계없이 포장재의 영향이 큰 것으로 생각된다. 관능특성에서 탈산소재 처리에 의한 것은 E2A 및 E2EA 처리구가 높게 평가되었는데 이는 포장재질의 영향으로 보이며, 포장재에 탈산소재를 첨가한 E2A가 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. 관능검사 결과와 전자코에 의한 향기성분 결과는 매우 유사한 경향을 나타내었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.176-183
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• 2012

Eukaryotic translation termination is governed by eRF1 and eRF3. eRF1 recognizes the stop codons and then hydrolyzes peptidyl-tRNA. eRF3, which facilitates the termination process, belongs to the GTPase superfamily. In this study, the effect of the MC domain of eRF1a (eRF1aMC) on the GTPase activity of eRF3 was analyzed using fluorescence spectra and high-performance liquid chromatography. The results indicated eRF1aMC promotes the GTPase activity of eRF3, which is similar to the role of eRF1a. Furthermore, the increased affinity of eRF3 for GTP induced by eRF1aMC was dependent on the concentration of $Mg^{2+}$. Changes in the secondary structure of eRF3C after binding GTP/GDP were detected by CD spectroscopy. The results revealed changes of conformation during formation of the eRF3C GTP complex that were detected in the presence of eRF1a or eRF1aMC. The conformations of the eRF3C eRF1a GTP and eRF3C eRF1aMC GTP complexes were further altered upon the addition of $Mg^{2+}$. By contrast, there was no change in the conformation of GTP bound to free eRF3C or the eRF3C eRF1aN complex. These results suggest that alterations in the conformation of GTP bound to eRF3 is dependent on eRF1a and $Mg^{2+}$, whereas the MC domain of eRF1a is responsible for the change in the conformation of GTP bound to eRF3 in Euplotes octocarinatus.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2011

본 연구는 제주마의 기본모색 분류체계와 유전 변이간의 관계를 확인하기 위해 수행되었다. pyrosequencing 방법을 이용하여 melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R)과 agouti signaling protein (ASIP) 유전자의 변이를 분석하였다. MC1R은 g.901C>T 염기치환을 분석하였고, ASIP는 11-bp 결실돌연변이를 분석하였다. 가라마필은 MC1R에서는 $E^+$/- ($E^+/E^+$ or $E^+/E^e$), ASIP에서는 $A^a/A^a$ 유전자형이 나타났다. 유마 마필에서는 MC1R은 $E^+$/- 그리고 ASIP는 $A^A$/- 유전자형이 나타났다. 반면에 적다 마필에서 MC1R은 $E^e/E^e$ 유전자형만이 나타났으며, ASIP에서는 모든 조합의 유전자형이 나타났다. 가라모색과 유마모색은 MC1R에서 적어도 1개의 $E^+$ 우성대립유전자를 갖고 있어야하며, 적다모색에서는 동형열성대립유전자인 $E^e/E^e$ 유전자형을 가져야 한다. 이는 ASIP 유전자형 분포와 관계없이 MC1R 유전자형에 의해 가라/유마모색과 적다모색을 결정하는 것이다. 또한 MC1R은 $E^+$/- 그리고 ASIP은 우성대립유전자인 $A^A$/-를 갖는 마필은 유마모색을 나타내는데 이는 ASIP은 우성대립유전자인 $A^A$에 의해 사지를 제외한 부분에서 흑모색발현을 억제하는 것으로 추정된다. 가계분석에서는 제주마와 더러브렛간에 교배로 생산된 $F_1$ 자마의 기본모색 양상과 MC1R 및 ASIP 유전자형 분포와의 관계에 대해 일정한 결과를 보여주고 있다. 본 결과는 모색에 대한 표현형과 유전양상 간의 관계를 보여주고 있으며, 제주마의 분자육종을 위한 중요한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.445-451
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• 2007

Translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key regulator of protein synthesis. Abnormal regulation of eIF4E is closely linked to oncogenic transformation. Several regulatory mechanisms affecting eIF4E are discussed, including transcriptional regulation, phosphorylation and binding of an inhibitor protein. However it is not clear how the level of eIF4E protein is regulated under basal conditions. Here we demonstrate that Diap1 (Drosophila Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein), a cell death inhibitor, binds directly to eIF4E and poly-ubiquitinates it via its E3 ligase activity, promoting its proteasome-dependent degradation. Expression of Diap1 caused a reduction of Cyclin D1 protein level and inhibited the growth stimulation induced by overexpression of eIF4E. Taken together, our results suggest that the level of eIF4E protein is regulated by Diap1, and that IAPs may play a role in cap-dependent translation by regulating the level of eIF4E protein.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제59권1호
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• pp.71-85
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• 2022

In [4], the authors showed that if an h-vector (h₀, h₁, …, h_e) with h₁ = 4e - 4 and h_i ≤ h₁ is a Gorenstein sequence, then h₁ = h_i for every 1 ≤ i ≤ e - 1 and e ≥ 6. In th_is paper, we show that if an h-vector (h₀, h₁, …, h_e) with h₁ = 4e - 4, h₂ = 4e - 3, and h_i ≤ h₂ is a Gorenstein sequence, then h₂ = h_i for every 2 ≤ i ≤ e - 2 and e ≥ 7. We also propose an open question that if an h-vector (h₀, h₁, …, h_e) with h₁ = 4e - 4, 4e - 3 < h₂ ≤ (h₁)₍₁₎|⁺¹₊₁, and h₂ ≤ h_i is a Gorenstein sequence, then h₂ = h_i for every 2 ≤ i ≤ e - 2 and e ≥ 6.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.645-648
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• 2005

Let K be a Galois extension of a field F with G = Gal(K/F). Let L be an extension of F such that $K\;{\otimes}_F\;L\;=\; N_1\;{\oplus}N_2\;{\oplus}{\cdots}{\oplus}N_k$ with corresponding primitive idempotents $e_1,\;e_2,{\cdots},e_k$, where Ni's are fields. Then G acts on $\{e_1,\;e_2,{\cdots},e_k\}$ transitively and $Gal(N_1/K)\;{\cong}\;\{\sigma\;{\in}\;G\;/\;{\sigma}(e_1)\;=\;e_1\}$. And, let R be a commutative F-algebra, and let P be a prime ideal of R. Let T = $K\;{\otimes}_F\;R$, and suppose there are only finitely many prime ideals $Q_1,\;Q_2,{\cdots},Q_k$ of T with $Q_i\;{\cap}\;R\;=\;P$. Then G acts transitively on $\{Q_1,\;Q_2,{\cdots},Q_k\},\;and\;Gal(qf(T/Q_1)/qf(R/P))\;{\cong}\;\{\sigma{\in}\;G/\;{\sigma}-(Q_1)\;=\;Q_1\}$ where qf($T/Q_1$) is the quotient field of $T/Q_1$.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2014

The transcription factor E2F1 is active during G1 to S transition and is involved in the cell cycle and progression. A recent study reported that increased E2F1 is associated with DNA damage and tumor development in several tissues using transgenic models. Here, we show that E2F1 expression is regulated by tristetraprolin (TTP) in prostate cancer. Overexpression of TTP decreased the stability of E2F1 mRNA and the expression level of E2F1. In contrast, inhibition of TTP using siRNA increased the E2F1 expression. E2F1 mRNA contains three AREs within the 3'UTR, and TTP destabilized a luciferase mRNA that contained the E2F1 mRNA 3'UTR. Analyses of point mutants of the E2F1 mRNA 3'UTR demonstrated that ARE2 was mostly responsible for the TTP-mediated destabilization of E2F1 mRNA. RNA EMSA revealed that TTP binds directly to the E2F1 mRNA 3'UTR of ARE2. Moreover, treatment with siRNA against TTP increased the proliferation of PC3 human prostate cancer cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that E2F1 mRNA is a physiological target of TTP and suggests that TTP controls proliferation as well as migration and invasion through the regulation of E2F1 mRNA stability.

• 충청수학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 1994

The purpose of this paper prove the following property; Suppose A has many units (local global ring) and |A/m| > 5 for every maximal ideal $m{\subseteq}A$. Let(E, q) ${\in}$ Q(A) and $E=E_1{\bot}{\cdots}{\bot}E_t$ be an orthogonl decomposition of E with $t{\geq}2$ and $rk(E_i){\geq}1$, for $i=1,{\cdots},t$. Let $x{\in}E$ be a primitive vector. Then there exists ${\sigma}{\in}O(q)$ such that ${\sigma}(x)$ is transversal to this decomposition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.3961-3968
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• 2015

Background: Variants of human papillomavirus (HPV) show more oncogenicity than do prototypes. The HPV16 Asian variant (HPV16As) plays a major role in cervical cancer of Asian populations. Some amino acid changes in the E6 protein of HPV16 variants affect E6 functions such as p53 interaction and host immune surveillance. This study aimed to investigate activities of HPV16As E6 protein on modulation of expression of miRNA-21 as well as interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) 1, 3, 7 and c-fos. Materials and Methods: Vectors expressing E6 protein of HPV16As (E6D25E) or HPV16 prototype (E6Pro) were constructed and transfected into C33A cells. HCK1T cells expressing E6D25E or E6Pro were established by transducing retrovirus-containing E6D25E or 16E6Pro. The E6AP-binding activity of E6 and proliferation of the transfected C33A cells were determined. MiR-21 and mRNA of interesting genes were detected in the transfected C33A cells and/or the HCK1T cells, with or without treatment by culture medium from HeLa cells (HeLa-CM). Results: E6D25E showed binding activity with E6AP similar to that of E6Pro. Interestingly, E6D25E showed a higher activity of miR-21 induction than did E6Pro in C33A cells expressing E6 protein. This result was similar to the HCK1T cells expressing E6 protein, with HeLa-CM treatment. The miR-21 up-regulation significantly corresponded to its target expression. Different levels of expression of IRFs were also observed in the HCK1T cells expressing E6 protein. Interestingly, when treated with HeLa-CM, IRFs 1, 3 and 7 as well as c-fos were significantly suppressed in the HCK1T cells expressing E6D25E, whereas those in the HCK1T cells expressing E6Pro were induced. A similar situation was seen for IFN-${\alpha}$ and IFN-${\beta}$. Conclusions: E6D25E of the HPV16As variant differed from the E6 prototype in its activities on epigenetic modulation and immune surveillance and this might be a key factor for the important role of this variant in cervical cancer progression.