• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1715-1718
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• 2015

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging of breast, reported to be a high sensitivity of 94% to 100%, is the most sensitive method for detection of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate our clinical experience in MRI-guided breast lesion wire localization in Chinese women. Materials and Methods: A total of 44 patients with 46 lesions undergoing MRI-guided breast lesion localization were prospectively entered into this study between November 2013 and September 2014. Samples were collected using a 1.5-T magnet with a special MR biopsy positioning frame device. We evaluated clinical lesion characteristics on pre-biopsy MRI, pathologic results, and dynamic curve type baseline analysis. Results: Of the total of 46 wire localization excision biopsied lesions carried out in 44 female patients, pathology revealed fourteen malignancies (14/46, 30.4%) and thirty-two benign lesions (32/46, 69.6%). All lesions were successfully localized followed by excision biopsy and assessed for morphologic features highly suggestive of malignancy according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category of MRI (C4a=18, C4b=17, C4c=8,C5=3). Of 46 lesions, 37 were masses and 9 were non-mass enhancement lesions. Thirty-two lesions showed a continuous kinetics curve, 11 were plateau and 3 were washout. Conclusions: Our study showed success in MRI-guided breast lesion wire localization with a satisfactory cancer diagnosis rate of 30.4%. MRI-guided wire localization breast lesion open biopsy is a safe and effective tool for the workup of suspicious lesions seen on breast MRI alone without major complications. This may contribute to increasing the diagnosis rate of early breast cancer and improve the prognosis in Chinese women.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.355-360
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• 2013

With the modern machinery towards the direction of high-speed development, the thermal issues of mechanical transmission system and its components is increasingly important. Ball bearing is one of the main parts in rotating machinery system, and is a more easily damaged part. In this paper, bearing thermal fault detection is investigated in details Using infrared thermal imaging technology to the operation state of the ball bearing, a preliminary thermal analysis, and the use of numerical simulation technology by finite element method(FEM) under thermal conditions of the bearing temperature field analysis, initially identified through these two technical analysis, bearing a temperature distribution in the normal state and failure state. It also shows the reliability of the infrared thermal imaging technology. with valuable suggestions for the future bearing fault detection.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.3 no.6
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• pp.231-236
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• 2014

The transit time of contrast agents and the parameters of time-intensity curves in ultrasonography are important factors to diagnose various diseases of a digestive organ. We have implemented an automatic parametric imaging method to overcome the difficulty of the diagnosis by naked eyes. However, the micro-bubble noise and the respiratory motions may degrade the reliability of the parameter images. In this paper, we introduce an optimization technique based on MRF(Markov Random Field) model to enhance the quality of the parameter images, and present an image tracking algorithm to compensate the image distortion by respiratory motions. A method to extract the respiration periods from the ultrasound image sequence has been developed. We have implemented the ROI(Region of Interest) tracking algorithm using the dynamic weights and a momentum factor based on these periods. An energy function is defined for the Gibbs sampler of the image enhancement method. Through the experiments using the data to diagnose liver lesions, we have shown that the proposed method improves the quality of the parametric images.

• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2014

The body to achieve an interaction that are connected to each other. Foot of which plays an important role in motor activity. Insole that has been recently used, have a dynamic functional elements. In particular, support of Arch plays a very important role in terms of a motor function of the human body as a whole. It is possible to predict the proper support Arch with insole, the overall structure of the body there can affect the balance. In this study, by applying the insole which supports the Longitudinal arch and Transverse arch, you are trying to assess the interaction of balance and the body's ability. To target the 20 there is no problem in the sense of balance, college student, and changes were observed by measuring the Center of Position area and distance through the Biorescue device worn before and after led by Arch support. As a result, I showed improved results significantly discount rate after wearing in the Center of Position area and distance to assess the balance ability. Therefore, the correction insole function is to support the Longitudinal arch and Transverse arch to an important role in the foot. It may be that it has a functional element for improving the balance of the function of preventing collapse of the arch during walking, to disperse the weight of the entire foot, us reduce fatigue in the end.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.28.4-29
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• 2009

The 'Amon-Ra' instrument of the proposed 'EARTHSHINE' satellite is a dual (i.e. imaging and energy) channel instrument for monitoring the total solar irradiance (TSI) and the Earth's irradiance at around the L1 halo orbit. Earlier studies for this instrument include, but not limited to, design and construction of breadboard Amon-Ra imaging channel, stray light suppression and system performance computation using Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) technique. The Amon-Ra instrument is required to produce 0.3% in uncertainty for both Sunlight and Earthlight measurement. In this study, we report accurate estimation of the output electric signal derived from the orbital variation of radiant exitance from the Sun and the Earth arriving at the aperture and detector plane of the Amon-Ra. For this, orbital irradiance are computed analytically first and then confirmed by simulation using Integrated Ray Tracing (IRT) model. Specially, the results show the arriving power at the bolometer detector surface is $1.24{\mu}W$ for the Sunlight and $1.28{\mu}W$ for the Earthlight, producing the output signal pulses of 34.31 mV and 35.47 mV respectively. These results demonstrate successfully that the arriving radiative power is well within the bolometer detector dynamic range and, therefore, the proposed detector can be used for the in-orbit measurement sequence. We discuss the computational details and implications as well as the simulation results.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.55 no.11
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• pp.778-788
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• 2017

Ultrasound sonography(US) is used to evaluate various diseases of oral and maxillofacial region including salivary glands, soft tissue and jaw lesions because of easy accessibility and no hazard of ionizing radiation. Also, US can offer dynamic study showing real-time images during diagnostic or surgical procedure. US images provide accurate information about the internal features of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment. Doppler images are used to visualize the vascular distribution of the lesions and to provide additional information to enhance diagnostic value. It is necessary to evaluate the diagnostic value of US and evaluate its usefulness by looking at clinical cases using US images. Therefore, US imaging may be recommended as an assistant image in evaluating jaw lesions. US images provided accurate information about the internal structure of lesions on the jaw prior to surgical treatment, and diagnostic value was enhanced by visualizing the vascular distribution of the lesion using doppler imaging. We report the protocol and suggest the effectiveness of US for various lesions and US-guided sialography.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.9
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• pp.627-636
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• 2021

The three-dimensional organization of chromatin and its time-dependent changes greatly affect virtually every cellular function, especially DNA replication, genome maintenance, transcription regulation, and cell differentiation. Sequencing-based techniques such as ChIP-seq, ATAC-seq, and Hi-C provide abundant information on how genomic elements are coupled with regulatory proteins and functionally organized into hierarchical domains through their interactions. However, visualizing the time-dependent changes of such organization in individual cells remains challenging. Recent developments of CRISPR systems for site-specific fluorescent labeling of genomic loci have provided promising strategies for visualizing chromatin dynamics in live cells. However, there are several limiting factors, including background signals, off-target binding of CRISPR, and rapid photobleaching of the fluorophores, requiring a large number of target-bound CRISPR complexes to reliably distinguish the target-specific foci from the background. Various modifications have been engineered into the CRISPR system to enhance the signal-to-background ratio and signal longevity to detect target foci more reliably and efficiently, and to reduce the required target size. In this review, we comprehensively compare the performances of recently developed CRISPR designs for improved visualization of genomic loci in terms of the reliability of target detection, the ability to detect small repeat loci, and the allowed time of live tracking. Longer observation of genomic loci allows the detailed identification of the dynamic characteristics of chromatin. The diffusion properties of chromatin found in recent studies are reviewed, which provide suggestions for the underlying biological processes.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.418-425
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• 2019

Multicistronic elements, such as the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) and 2A-like cleavage sequence, serve crucial roles in the eukaryotic ectopic expression of exogenous genes. For utilization of multicistronic elements, the cleavage efficiency and order of elements in multicistronic vectors have been investigated; however, the dynamics of multicistronic element-mediated expression remains unclear. Here, we investigated the dynamics of encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) IRES- and porcine teschovirus-1 2A (p2A)-mediated expression. By utilizing real-time fluorescent imaging at a minute-level resolution, we monitored the expression of fluorescent reporters bridged by either EMCV IRES or p2A in two independent cultured cell lines, HEK293 and Neuro2a. We observed significant correlations for the two fluorescent reporters in both multicistronic elements, with a higher correlation coefficient for p2A in HEK293 but similar coefficients for IRES-mediated expression and p2A-mediated expression in Neuro2a. We further analyzed the causal relationship of multicistronic elements by convergent cross mapping (CCM). CCM revealed that in all four conditions examined, the expression of the preceding gene causally affected the dynamics of the subsequent gene. As with the cross correlation, the predictive skill of p2A was higher than that of IRES in HEK293, while the predictive skills of the two multicistronic elements were indistinguishable in Neuro2a. To summarize, we report a significant temporal correlation in both EMCV IRES- and p2A-mediated expression based on the simple bicistronic vector and real-time fluorescent monitoring. The current system also provides a valuable platform to examine the dynamic aspects of expression mediated by diverse multicistronic elements under various physiological conditions.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.15-21
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• 2021

In this study, we investigated the dynamics of a droplet impacting rough hydrophobic surfaces through high-speed imaging. Micrometer-sized structures with grooves and pillars were fabricated on smooth Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces by laser ablation. We used Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquid droplets to study the drop impact dynamics. De-ionized water and aqueous glycerin solutions were used for the Newtonian liquid droplet. The solutions of xanthan gum in water were prepared to provide elastic property to the Newtonian droplet. We found that the orientation of the surface structures affected the maximal spreading diameter of the droplet due to the degree of slippage. During the droplet retraction, the dynamic receding contact angles were measured to be around 90° or less. It resulted in the formation of the micro-capillary bridges between the receding droplet and the surface structures. Then, the rupture of the capillary bridge led to the formation of micrometer-sized droplets on top of the surface structures. The size of the microdroplets was found to increase with increasing the impacting velocity and viscosity of the Newtonian liquid droplets. However, the size of the isolated microdroplets decreased with enhancing the elasticity of the droplets, and the size of the non-Newtonian microdroplets was not affected by the impacting velocity.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.45.1-45.1
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• 2021

Horizon Run 5 (HR5) is a cosmological hydrodynamical simulation which captures the properties of the Universe on aGpc scale while achieving a resolution of 1kpc. This enormous dynamic range allows us to simultaneously capture the physics of the cosmic web on very large scales and account for the formation and evolution of dwarf galaxies on much smaller scales. On the back of a remarkable achievement of this, we have finished to run follow-up simulations which have 2 times larger volume than before and are expected to complementary to some limitations of previous HR simulations both for the study on the large scale features and the expansion history in a distant Universe. For these simulations, we consider the sub-grid physics of radiative heating/cooling, reionization, star formation, SN/AGN feedbacks, chemical evolution and the growth of super-massive blackholes. In order to do this project, we implemented a hybrid MPI-OpenMP version of the RAMSES code, 'RAMSES-OMP', which is specifically designed for modern many-core many thread parallel systems. These simulation successfully reproduce various observation result and provide a large amount of statistical samples of Lyman-alpha emitters and protoclusters which are important to understand the formation and expansion history of early universe. These are invaluable assets for the interpretation of current ΛCDM cosmology and current/upcoming deep surveys of the Universe, such as the world largest narrow band imaging survey, ODIN (One-hundred-square-degree Dark energy camera Imaging in Narrow band).