• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.89-97
• /
• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the differences in the degree of premenstrual syndrome, dysmenorrhea, and stress according to the gender role identity of female university students. Methods: Data were collected by self-reported questionnaires from 308 female university students. Data analysis was done with SPSS 10.1 for descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple-range test. Results: The most prevalent type of premenstrual syndrome was androgenic(33.8%), followed by undifferentiated(25.0%). There was a significant difference in dysmenorrhea according to residence. In addition, there were significant differences in premenstrual syndrome according to age, and in stress according to age and economic status. Also, there was no significant difference according to dysmenorrhea and there were significant differences in premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea according to gender role identity. Premenstrual syndrome and stress were the most prevalence in female type, but the lowest severe in masculine type. Conclusion: The study variables can be influencing factors in the gender role identity of female university students. Also, the findings can provide the basis for the development of nursing interventions to establish the gender role identity of female university students.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.309-320
• /
• 2018

In this paper, a numerical study using finite element method with considering soil-structure interaction was conducted to investigate the stress and deformation behavior of a sheet pile wall structure. In numerical model, one of the nonlinear elastic material constitutive models, Duncan-Chang E-v model, is used for describing soil behavior. The hard contact constitutive model is used for simulating the behavior of interface between the sheet pile wall and soil. The construction process of excavation and backfill is simulated by the way of step loading. We also compare the present numerical method with the in-situ test results for verifying the numerical methods. The numerical analysis showed that the soil excavation in the lock chamber has a huge effect on the wall deflection and stress, pile deflection, and anchor force. With the increase of distance between anchored bars, the maximum wall deflection and anchor force increase, while the maximum wall stress decreases. At a low elevation of anchored bar, the maximum wall bending moment decreases, but the maximum wall deflection, pile deflection, and anchor force both increase. The construction procedure with first excavation and then backfill is quite favorable for decreasing pile deflection, wall deflection and stress, and anchor forces.

• The International Journal of Costume Culture
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.58-66
• /
• 2002

The objectives of this study are to develope sensibility image scales for Korean traditional motifs by quantitatively measuring their images and preference and to classify them into clusters. Data were collected via a questionnaire from seven hundred twenty five Korean undergraduate students. Re experimental materials were forty eight stimuli of Korean traditional motifs with different categories, interpretation types, composition types, and application objects. The instruments consisted of 7-point polar semantic differential scales of twenty three bipolar adjectives including preference. Data were analyzed by correspondence analysis, cluster analysis, ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. Re major results are as follows; image scales for textile patterns and dress designs using Korean traditional motifs were constructed. The axes of sensibility image scales for both textile patterns and dress designs were defined by quality level and degree of simplicity. Second, four clusters on the scale of textile patterns and two clusters on the scale dress designs were identified. Third, in the case of textile Patterns, the preferred cluster had high-quality and classical images, while the cluster that was not preferred had a complex image. In the case of dress designs, the preferred cluster had simple and high-quality images, while the cluster that was not preferred had complex and low-quality images.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.15 no.1 s.66
• /
• pp.98-112
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in store evaluative criteria, clothing evaluative criteria, and purchasing behavior for casual wear among groups with different types of shopping orientation. Data were collected from 175 female and 169 male college students living in Beijing, and analysed by factor analysis, cluster analysis, ANDVA, Duncan test, crosstabulation analysis, and frequency analysis. Chinese college students were classified into four groups by their shopping orientations; fashion-pursuit type, individuality-pursuit type, practical type, and apathetic type. Significant differences were found in store evaluative criteria, clothing evaluative criteria, purchasing behaviors, and demographic characteristics. The fashion-pursuit type and individuality-pursuit type were more influenced by store location and service, product attributes, and fashion. They purchased more frequently and spent more money. Esthetic clothing evaluative criteria were considered more important by the individuality-pursuit type than the others, and symbolic clothing evaluative criteria by the fashion-pursuit type.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.1027-1041
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences of internet shopping attitude, shopping behavior, and shopping satisfaction according to purchasing frequency of internet shoppers for children's clothing. Data were collected from 170 female internet users who had purchasing experiences of children's clothing. For data analysis, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Duncan test, cross tabulation, regression analysis, t-test, frequency and multi- response analysis were conducted. The results are as follows: The internet shoppers for children's clothing were classified by purchasing frequency. Factors of internet shopping attitude were convenience, reliability, and safety. Significant differences were found on internet usages, internet attitudes, and shopping behaviors between two groups. Heavy purchasers used internet longer, had more positive attitude toward convenience and safety, and paid more money than light purchasers. Significant differences were found on internet attitudes according to age and internet usage. Convenience and safety factors had impact on internet shopping satisfaction.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.75-83
• /
• 2008

This study examined the various functions of public libraries, as well as user satisfaction and needs. We targeted 6 public libraries in the Seoul and Gyunggi area. After 280 library users were surveyed, the collected data were analyzed with an SPSS for Win 14.0 statistics program, where we used frequency, percentage, mean, T-test, One-way ANOVA, and Duncan's test. The major findings were as follows: 1) Half of the users used educational functional space, mainly in the 10-20 age group, who used it for educational purposes as a student or to prepare for getting a job. 2) There were gaps between the furniture arrangement and user preference since most libraries used a rigid system while users preferred a more flexible arrangement. 3) Space by space, public library satisfaction levels differed according to the users' gender and age. Satisfaction of the digital information room scored high, especially for users in their forties. Since public library users are diverse and require various functions, library interiors should be planned accordingly in terms of furniture arrangement and interior design. In particular, there was a gap between satisfaction by age groups, so libraries must account for community needs by considering the age group demographics of their surrounding areas.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to kinematically analyze the differences between short(2.17 m) and long(10.94 m) putting stroke motions. Thirteen male professional golfers were participated in this study. Experiment was conducted on the artificial grass mat in the gymnasium. Kinematic data were collected by the 60 Hz Kwon3D motion analysis system. Differences were compared by SPSS paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. Duncan was used for post-hoc test and a=.05. The results were as follows: 1. Ground projected trajectory of the putter head were statistically straight during both short and long putts. 2. There was no consistent alignment tendency among shoulder, hip, and stance alignments. However stance alignment was consistent between short and long putts. Thus it is assumed that professional golfers align their body based on their stance alignment. 3. During putting, shoulder rotated not only up and down but also right and left. 4. Left and right elbow distance was maintained during all phases of the putts for both short and long putts. 5. Inter foot distance of long putting was longer than that of short putting.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effect of ego resilience and problem-solving ability on career identity. Methods: An online survey targeting dental technology students was conducted, and the responses of 206 students were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 21.0 (IBM). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one-way ANOVA (Duncan post-hoc analysis), and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: The ego resilience-emotion control ability increased with career identity (β=0.129, p=0.007). The problem-solving and analysis ability, increased with the career identity-cognitive factor (β=0.535, p<0.001). In addition, career identity was observed to be high in male respondents (p=0.003) who were aged >23 years (p=0.002), in their 4th grade (p=0.023), had a grade of ≥4.0 (p=0.018), and hoped to get a job as a dental technician after graduation (p=0.001). Conclusion: Programs to establish the career identity of dental technology students are recommended to include contents that can improve cognitive abilities such as emotional regulation ability and problem-solving ability among those with ego resilience.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.99-106
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of manipulation on the velocity of cerebral blood flow and level of pain in cervicogeinc headache patients. The velocity of cerebral blood flow of 30 cervicogeinc headache patients(male=15, female=15, age=$24.00{\pm}3.60$) and 33 normal subjects(male=15, female=18, age=$23.27{\pm}3.00$) was compared. The 30 cervicogeinc headache patients were divided into suboccipitalis relaxation group, cervical manipulation group, and placebo group, and each were given different interventions. The velocity of cerebral blood flow and pain level was measured before intervention, and 1, 2, 3 weeks after intervention. The velocity of cerebral blood flow was measured with the Transcranial Doppler(TCD), and pain level was measured with visual analog scale(VAS). Blood flow velocity of middle cerebral artery in cervicogeinc headache patients was slower than those in healthy subjects. Physical therapy intervention did not have significant effect on velocity of cerebral blood flow, but slowly decreased at intervention for pain level increased. The suboccipitalis relaxation group and cervical manipulation group showed significant effect in decreasing pain level compared to the placebo group(p<.05). Directly applied manipulation therapy in the neck area not only has effect on joint of cervical and soft tissue but also on blood vessels and nerves which pass the neck area, and because of those results of manual therapy seems to help recovery.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.7
• /
• pp.283-302
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the current situation about the internet usage and advertisement attitude, to investigate the relationship between consumer characteristics and internet advertising effect, and to identify the moderating effect of consumer characteristics on the relationship between advertising types and advertising effects. For the study, a sample of 152 apparel consumers participated in this survey research. The survey of design with a questionnaire was employed. Questionnaire was developed with the html language and data collection was done at Korea though the internet on October 2000. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency, percent), ANOVA with duncan tests were used. First, the major place of using internet was found as home, company, school, PC room in order and the average time of using internet was found as three times weekly. The major purpose of using internet were information search, e-mail, PC communication and program-download. The experience of internet fashion advertising was high. Second, consumer characteristics(age, job) had significant effects on attitude to the product. 20 years-old age group and specialist group were found to influence on the higher attitude toward product. Third, main effects of consumer characteristics(age, job) were found to be significant. The correlation and interaction effects of consumer characteristics and internet advertisement types were not significant.