• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.129-145
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• 2012

본 연구는 학생들의 실험 설계 내용에서 나타나는 창의적 요소들을 탐색하고, 각 요소 간 상호작용을 분석하여 과학 영재들이 실험을 설계할 때 나타나는 창의성의 특징을 귀납적으로 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 우선, 서술적 실험설계 과정에서 영재들의 창의성 요소를 탐색하기 위한 문항을 개발하였다. 개발된 문항은 2011년 한국 물리올림피아드 일반물리 통신교육에 지원한 학생들에게 요구되는 자기소개서의 일부분으로 제시하였다. 실험설계 과정에서 나타나는 창의성은 발산적 사고와 수렴적 사고의 상호작용이라는 조작적 정의 하에 총 513명의 자기소개서에 포함된 실험설계 과정이 분석되었으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. (1) 가설 설정단계에서 나타난 창의성 요소 중 발산적 유형 의 요소는 독창성, 유창성, 융통성이었고, 수렴적 유형의 요소는 정합성, 정교성으로 나타났다. (2) 가설 검증단계에서는 창의성 요소 중 발산적 유형의 요소인 독창성, 유창성, 융통성과 수렴적 유형의 요소인 정합성, 단순성, 신뢰성, 적절성, 명료성, 정합성을 탐색할 수 있었다. (3) 가설설정단계나 검증단계에서 발산적이고 수렴적인 창의적 요소가 함께 발현되어야 창의적 실험설계라는 정의 하에 과학영재들의 창의적 실험설계 유형을 살펴 본 결과 다음과 같은 특징을 가진 3가지 유형이 탐색되었다. a) 첫 번째 유형의 특징은 가설설정단계에서 발산적이고 수렴적인 창의성을 모두 보이고, 가설검증 단계에서는 수렴적인 창의성만 보인 경우이다. b)두 번째 유형은 가설설정단계에 서 발산적 창의성이, 검증 단계에서는 발산적이고 수렴적인 창의성이 나타나는 특징을 보였다. c) 마지막으로 세 번째 유형은 가설설정단계에서 수렴적 창의성을, 가설검증단계에서 발산적 수렴적 창의성을 모두 보이는 특징을 보였다.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.609-622
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• 2008

This research was carried out to develop a program that would promote children's creative thought processes and also to ascertain the effect on their development. The creative thought program consists of three stages : at the first stage, information for the development of the program was gathered and the theoretical basic model established. Considering Divergent and Feeling Factors, the program was planned based on the William's educational curriculum as it was applied and tested in an actual life situation. At the second stage, in order to formulate an activity plan for the creative thought program, William's activity plan was analyzed. At the third stage, the activities which would be applied to the creative thought program in the actual situation were considered with teaching strategy, activity arena and creative thought factors. In conclusion, according to these research results, children's creative thought programs should not just promote Divergent Factors or limited areas of activities, but other activities which include Feeling Factors should be planned and more diverse creative thought programs developed. To design an education program that encourages efficient creative thought, various teaching strategies in creative thought education need to be developed. Teacher training for current teachers should be conducted and parents who have the most direct influence of their children - be made aware of the creative thought process in children. It needs to be stated that this research on creative thought programs is not a complete program: it needs to be further adjusted and supplemented. As development of the tools to evaluate Feeling Factors objectively and the application on the program due to insufficient time, a more continuous application of the program and further research and evaluation of its effects are required.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.175-180
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• 2014

Experimental investigations of the heat transfer and friction factors in the ribbed divergent rectangular channel with the channel exit hydraulic diameter to inlet hydraulic diameter ratio of 1.16 were performed. The surface heaters were mounted onto the two opposite walls. The main experimental parameter is the ratio of rib pitch (p) to height (e), at which the ratios (p/e) of 6, 10, and 14 are considered in the channel with ribs on one wall only. The straight ribbed square channel is also considered as a comparison. The major findings are that the ratio of p/e = 6 shows the highest values in the heat transfer and the ratio of p/e = 10 indicates the greatest friction factor in the ribbed divergent channel. Editor's note:No major changes or corrections needed. Well written.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.32-37
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• 2015

The present study is to investigates the convective heat transfer characteristics and pressure drop inside the rib-roughened cooling passage of gas turbine blades. The divergent rectangular channel is fabricated with V-shaped ribs on one wall only and the inlet hydraulic diameter to outlet hydraulic diameter ratio($D_{ho}/D_{hi}$) of 1.49 is used. The current investigation has covered a Reynolds number (Re) range of 22,000~75,000, relative roughness height ($e/D_h$) of 0.1~0.2, and rib angle of attack (a) of $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$, and $60^{\circ}$ for a fixed relative pitch of 10. Results show that the Nusselt numbers are the greatest in the $60^{\circ}$-angled ribs; however, the total friction factors are the highest in the $30^{\circ}$-angled ribs.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.167-187
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• 2013

Team project learning is a type of Project-Based Learning, which is an effective learning method for developing collaborative competency and interpersonal communication skills, as well as for developing cognitive competency such as critical thinking, creative thinking, and analytical skills. This research, conducted to analyze learning activities, focuses on students' creative thinking and activities in TPBL(Team Project-Based Learning). A qualitative approach including a reflective journal based on the 6 stages of TPBL, was adopted for this purpose. In this study, 69 reflective journals on the three stages (developing a theme, researching, theme-making) of 23 undergraduate students were categorized on the basis of three criteria: divergent thinking factors, convergent thinking factors and affective factors. The results show that the participants' journals demonstrated twenty-eight activities from nine cognitive factors and nine activities from three affective factors were derived from reflect journal. This finding indicates that more appropriate instructional strategies are needed for students to enhance their creative thinking skills and activities

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.307-323
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop a program to cultivate mathematical creativity based on open-ended problem and to investigate its effect. The major features of this innovative program are (a) breaking up fixations, (b) multiple answers, (c) various strategies, (d) problem posing, (e) exploring strategies, (f) selecting and estimating, (g) active exploration through open-ended problems. 20 units for 7th grade mathematics were developed. This study hypothesizes that experimental students may develop more divergent thinking abilities than their traditional counterparts. The participants were 7th grade students attending middle schools in Seoul. Instruments were pre and post tests to measure mainly divergent thinking skills through open-ended problems. The results indicated that the experimental students achieved better than the comparison students on overall and each component of fluency, flexibility, and originality of divergent thinking skills, when deleting the effect of covariance of the pretest. The developed program can be a useful resource for teachers to use in enhancing their students' creative thinking skills. Further this open-ended approach can be served as a model to implement in classes. This study suggests that further investigations are needed in order to examine effects on affective domains such as motivation and task perseverance which are also considered as important factors of creativity.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.155-163
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• 2006

In this paper, we focus on the analysis of the results of CAS-K (Creative Attitude Scale-Korea) including 33 items of 7 factors. Using the analysis gives us the information about students' creative attitude for each factor. We introduce three methods of the analysis about the results of CAS-K; total scores analysis, mean value of each factor analysis, and CAS-K map analysis. We develop the CAS-K map based on the mean value of each factor and three categories of factors. These categories are divergent attitude (fluency, appropriateness), problem solving attitude (positiveness, independency, concentration), and convergent attitude (convergency, accuracy). This analysis of the results of CAS-K can be a source of creative attitude to foster mathematical creativity.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.419-429
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• 2006

This study investigated gender differences in the factors affecting elementary school students' ability to identify scientific problems. Scientific problem finding tasks, involving written instruments including IQ tests, content knowledge, science process skills, divergent thinking skills, intrinsic/extrinsic motivation, personality traits, and home environment were administered to 96 elementary school students(male; 50 & female: 46). The data collected was analyzed by means of a t-test, Pearson's correlation, multiple regression analysis, and canonical correlation analysis. The finding indicated that there were significant gender differences in scientific problem finding performance. Female students were significantly higher in both total score and elaborate score of scientific problem finding than male students. Personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted male students' abilities in scientific problem finding. Science process skills, personality traits and intrinsic motivation positively and extrinsic motivation negatively predicted female students' scientific problem finding and IQ positively predicted female students' elaborate score of scientific problem finding.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.129-154
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• 2009

본 연구는 직관적 자유연상기법과 체계적 자유연상기법이 개념설계과정에서 고등학생 집단의 창의성에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위한 것으로서, 첫 번째는 직관적 자유연상기법이 개념설계과정에서 고등학생 집단의 창의성에 미치는 효과를 구명하는 것이고 두 번째는 체계적 자유연상기법이 개념설계과정에서 고등학생 집단의 창의성에 미치는 효과를 구명하는 것이며 세 번째는 직관적 자유연상기법과 체계적 자유연상기법이 개념설계과정에서 고등학생 집단의 창의성에 미치는 효과의 차이를 비교하여 창의성 증진에 각 기법이 미치는 효과의 차이를 통계적으로 비교 구명하는 것이다. 실험설계는 이질통제집단 사전 사후검사 설계로서 인천광역시의 OO고등학교 1학년 6개 학급 172명을 대상으로 실험집단A, 실험집단B를 구성하였다. 이 연구에 사용된 '개념설계 문제' 와 '창의성 표현 검사지 A', '창의성 표현 검사지 B', 그리고 '창의성 평가 척도' 는 다양한 문헌과 전문가의 타당성을 거쳐 연구자가 개발한 것으로 평가자간 상관계수를 통하여 신뢰성을 확보하였다. 이 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직관적 자유연상기법이 고등학생 집단의 '창의성'과 하위요인인 '독창성', '유용성', '정교성', '유창성'을 증진시키는 매우 효과적인 기법임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 둘째, 체계적 자유연상기법이 고등학생 집단의 '창의성'과 하위요인인 '독창성', '유용성', '정교성', '유창성'을 증진시키는 매우 효과적인 기법임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 셋째, 고등학생 집단의 개념설계에 있어서 창의성의 하위요인인 '유용성'의 증진에 있어서는 체계적 자유연상기법이 직관적 자유연상기법보다 더 효과적인 기법임이 증명되었다.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.71-81
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• 2016

This research has been carried out with the objects of sporting goods shops to find out what structure of those shops raises more interest from customers. The tracking eyes on the objects which are the same but seen to have different structures has revealed the followings. Customers' visual appreciation of Reverse left/right Images (11.1) was found to be higher than that of Original Images (10.6). Furthermore, the reverse left/right image of the space also was found to attract more interest from customers, which led them to have longer observation. The below is about the interpretation of the spatial exploration by observation time and the appreciation of its visual content in line with the experiment objects of selling spaces. The longer the space was observed, (1)the higher the expansive searching of space was, (2)the more spots were observed as if they did not know what to see after they first observed at early hours, (3)later (in the time range of 64~73 seconds) they came to look at the spots in which they got interested, (4)and then again they suddenly got lost what to see. When the change of observation characteristics by time range is reviewed, it can be seen that the searching of original images is changed from Divergent Feature to Convergent Feature when the observation time increases from the early stage of observation to the later. On the contrary, the reverse left/right images were found to have the opposite searching features, that is, from convergent exploration to divergent exploration. These findings show that the reverse left/right images of the sporting goods shops, which were the experiment objects, have more factors attracting customers' attention and interest and that it is the very shop-structure which makes customers have better visual appreciation of those shops.