• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2011

Objectives: This study investigated the gender and age differential effect of major chronic diseases on activity of daily living (ADL) disability. Methods: Surveyfreq and Surveylogistic regression analyses were employed on the 2005 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) with a sample of 3,609 persons aged 65 - 89. Results: After adjusting for potential covariates, stroke, among elderly men more so than women, had a 2-3 times greater odds of engendering ADL disability in the 65-69 (p < 0.05) and 70-79 age groups (p < 0.01). In comparison to elderly women, cancer, diabetes, and incontinence in elderly men was associated with a higher risk of ADL disability in the 70 - 79 age group (p < 0.05), and this association was also observed for pulmonary disease in the 80-89 age group. Among elderly women, however, a significant association between incontinence and ADL disability was identified in all three age groups. In addition, this association was found in pulmonary disease and diabetes in elderly women aged 70 - 79 years. Significant gender differences were observed in the association between stroke in the 60 - 79 age group and cancer in the 70 - 79 age group. Conclusions: Age and gender differences were observed in the effect of chronic diseases on ADL disability.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences of gender equity awareness and the degrees of gender equity teaching practices between the home economics teachers and technology teachers in the middle school. For the final analysis of the study. the data collected from 277 teachers (127 home economics and 150 technology teachers) of the middle schools in Kyong-gi Province were used. The framework for the awareness of gender equity has been modified from the study made in 1999 by Korean Institute for the Development of Women. A set of questions on gender equity teaching practice developed by Chung Hae-suk in 1998 has been modified for the study. Mean. standard deviation. percentage. t-test. Pearson correlation. and regression analysis were used to analyze the data utilizing the SAS Program. The findings of the study are as follows : 1) Both the home economics and the technology teachers show relatively above average in the awareness of gender equity. In comparing the two groups. the home economics teachers were higher in the awareness score than that of the technology teachers. 2) The impact of individual personality on the awareness appeares most significant in relations to gender of subject and teaching subject : moreover. the gender of teacher appears to explain the awareness of the gender equity more than the subject they teach. 3) Both the home economics and the technology teacher show relatively balanced teaching practices as far as gender equity is concerned. Between the two groups of teachers. home economics teachers score is higher in practicing gender equity in their teaching activities than the technology teachers. 4) The awareness of gender equity proves to be the most influential variable in their gender equity teaching practices.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.121-133
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• 2018

The goal of this study is to investigate the factors affecting firefighter's traumatic experiences and to examine and compare the differences of how those factors contribute to firefighter's burnout, depression, anxiety and social relationships. This study suggests that it is imperative for firefighters to have mindfulness, which brings mental and emotional healing, for their job-satisfaction. To empirically examine the research model of this study, the questionnaire survey was carried out to firefighters in InCheon Metropolitan City for two weeks; from October 19thto November 3rd, 2017. Out of 180 questionnaires, 170were retrieved. Total number of 160 questionnaires are empirically examined this study, excluding10bad survey responses. The t-test was conducted to determine whether there exist differences by gender among traumatic experienced firefighters, and a meaningful difference was found from perceived intrusiveness, a sub factor to traumatic experiences. Male firefighters showed higher mean than that of female firefighters in perceived angle, evasion and intrusiveness. Second, the t-test was conducted to determine whether there exist differences by gender in firefighter's burnout, but no meaningful differences were found. Female firefighters showed higher mean in emotional exhaustion, impersonalization and in decrease in self-achievements. Third, the t-test was conducted to determine whether there exist differences by gender in firefighter's depression and relationships, but no meaningful differences were found.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2004

Purpose: To compare differences in BMI, body weight perception and satisfaction, and eating behavior by gender among middle school students. Methods: From 19 middle schools in W city four classes in two middle schools were selected by cluster sampling with multi-stage sampling. A structured questionnaire was answered by 143 adolescents. Results: Differences in BMI between boys and girls were significant (x$^2$=13.15, p=.00l). Boys reported higher ideal body weight than girls (t=6.33, p<.000l), and discrepancy between ideal body weight and body weight perception in girls was significantly greater than in boys(t=-5.0l, p<.0001). There was no significant gender difference in body weight perception but more boys were satisfied with their body weight(t=-4.48, p<.0001). Comparison of eating behavior showed that girls reported high scores in disinhibition (t=-2.29, p<.05) and hunger (t=-2.81, p<.01), while boys reported higher scores in cognitive restraints (t=3.22, p<.01). Conclusion: Interventions to help girls improve body image and satisfaction with body image are crucial. In order to establish proper diet habits and balanced nutritional status for adolescents, educational interventions should address characteristics of eating behaviors.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.80-87
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• 2018

This study aims to find gender differences in inpatients' privacy and stress concerns in multi-bed hospital room. In the literature review, we consider the characteristics of multi-bed hospital room and patients' privacy as a psychological environment factor. In the survey research, the questionnaires were used to understand the inpatients' general characteristics and privacy requirements. A total of 109 copies were analyzed through a cross-tabulations and T-test using the SPSS 18.0. Results and conclusions are as follows: (1) In the case of multi-bed room patients, there were some gender differences in privacy and stress, but the differences were limited. (2) There is a difference in the patient 's preference of the hospital room according to gender, and this is related to the privacy characteristic. (3) The social communication and strolling are commonly effective stress relief methods for both men and women, so space is needed to do this methods. The meaning of this study is to specify the privacy and stress of the inpatients in multi-bed patients' room.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.617-624
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), to determine differences in gender perceptions in adopting non-cash transactions. In this study, the authors provide a measurement of differences in gender perceptions in adopting cashless, which refers to perceived usefulness, perceived ease-of-use, and perceived security. Respondents in this study were students from the millennial generation who are very familiar with the use of technology, especially non-cash transactions. The data collection technique used in this study was a survey, by distributing questionnaires to 260 respondents. The data were processed statistically through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study indicate that for men, ease-of-use of transactions does not increase the use of non-cash transactions. Meanwhile, for women, perceived ease-of-use has a significant and positive effect on the use of non-cash transactions. Furthermore, perceptions of usability and security have a positive and significant impact on using non-cash transactions. It was also found that female students had a positive, but not significant, effect on the use of non-cash transactions. This means that there has been a difference in the perception of gender, between men and women, in responding to the use of non-cash transactions.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1235-1244
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• 2004

학업성취도 국제 비교 연구 결과에서 우리나라 남 여학생의 과학 성취도 차이가 큰 것으로 보고되고 있다. 이 연구에서는 TIMSS-R 과학 성취도에서의 성 차이를 문항 수준에서 살펴보기 위하여 각 문항의 GDI(Gender Difference Index) 값을 산출하였다. 그리고 문항 유형, 성취수준, 내용 영역에 따른 GDI 값을 비교하였다. 문항 유형에 상관없이 우리나라와 국제 결과 모두 남학생이 여학생보다 성취도가 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 우리나라의 성차가 국제 펑균보다 크게 나타났다. 특히 우리 나라 여학생들은 선다형 문항에서 상대적으로 낮은 성취도를 나타내었다. 성취수준에 따른 우리나라와 국제의 GDI 값을 비교해 보면, 상위 10%에 해당되는 문항들에 대해서는 우리나라의 GDI 값이 국제의 경우보다 낮게 나타났으나 그 이외의 성취수준에 해당되는 문항들에 대해서는 우리나라의 GDI 값이 더 높게 나타났고 특히 상위 50%에 해당되는 문항들의 경우 우리나라와 국제의 차이가 크게 나타났다. 내용 영역별로 남 여학생의 성취도를 비교했을 때는 과학 탐구와 과학의 본성 영역을 제외하고는 모든 내용 영역에서 우리나라 남학생들의 성취도가 여학생들보다 높았다. GDI가 10 이상인 문항 중 남학생들의 성취도가 높은 문항들은 생물과 지구과학 영역에 속하는 경우가 상대적으로 많았으며, 학교 교육과정에서 전혀 배우지 않은 문항들의 비율 또한 비교적 높았다. 그리고 남학생들이 높은 성취도를 보이는 문항은 전 수행 영역에 걸쳐서 비교적 골고루 분포되어 있었다. 이상에서와 같이 문항 유형, 성취수준, 내용 영역에 따라 과학에서의 남 여학생의 성취도 차이가 다르게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 여학생들의 과학 성취도를 향상시키기 위한 방안을 모색하는 과정에서 보다 구체적인 방향을 제시할 것으로 기대된다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.21-41
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• 2018

This study determined the characteristics of meal-related time use among employees living in one-person and multi-person households by conducting a comparison focused on gender and age differences. Among the questionnaires distributed to employees during the 2014 Korean Time Use Survey, 19,692 were used for final analysis. The results were as follows: First, the one-person households had shorter meal-related time use than did the multi-person households, except for the time spent having snacks and beverages. Second, meal-related time use was generally longer in non-working days than in workdays. Third, gender differences in meal-related time use were observed, with the more significant ones being the differences in time devoted to meal preparation and dishwashing. Fourth, in both the one-person and multi-person households, women spent a longer amount of time preparing meals and washing dishes than did men, but this difference was greater in multi-person households. Fifth, old individuals spend a longer time preparing meals and washing dishes than did young individuals. Policies must be enforced to improve the quality of diets in one-person households. Such households should also be provided nutrition education to increase their awareness of the importance of healthy and regular meals. Another essential requirement of policy is the provision of gender equality education for both the one-person and multi-person households.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2016

본 연구는 소셜 네트워크 사이트 이용과 사회적 자본 사이의 관계가 성별과 지역에 따라 어떻게 차이가 나는가에 대해 조사해보고자 했다. 한국 청소년들로부터 수집된 자료를 분석함으로써 유의미한 성별과 지역별 차이를 발견할 수 있었다. 특히 도시에 거주하는 남자 청소년들의 경우, 소셜 네트워크 사이트의 이용은 결속적 그리고 교량적 사회자본에 부정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 이러한 연구결과는 청소년들의 소셜 네트워크 사이트 사용이 청소년들의 개인적인 인간관계에 미치는 영향을 이해하는데 도움을 줄 것이다.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제27권7호
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• pp.583-591
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• 2007

이 연구는 남학생과 여학생의 과학 관련 태도와 그에 영향을 주는 요인을 조사하여 과학 영역의 성차를 조사하였다. 과학 관련 태도 검사지(TOSRA)와 이에 영향을 주는 변인으로 학교, 교사, 친구, 부모 네 가지 요인에 대하여 개발한 검사지를 13개 학교에 투입하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과 남학생과 여학생의 과학에 대한 태도의 차이는 없었으나 과학에 대한 태도가 남학생은 부모에게 영향을 많이 받고 여학생은 교사와 친구에게서 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 현재 과학에 대한 태도의 성차를 발생시키는 요인이 남학생과 여학생에서 다르다는 것을 말해 준다. 과학 영역의 전반적인 성차를 줄이기 위해서는 부모와 교사 등 학생들의 과학에 대한 태도에 영향을 주는 요인들을 자극하는 프로그램이 뒷받침 되어야 한다.