• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.155-164
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• 2021

Objective: This study aimed to report the improvement of a patient with nummular eczema treated with Hoeyeok-tang based on Shanghanlun provisions. Methods: According to the disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS) based on the Shanghanlun provisions, the patient was diagnosed with lesser yin disease according to the 324^th provision. The patient was treated with Hoeyeok-tang for 90 days. The severity of pruritus decreased, and changes in symptoms were estimated by a visual analog scale, Scoring Atopic Dermatitis Index and the Validated Investigator Global Assessment for Atopic Dermatitis. Results: The patient's symptoms were improved. The severity of pruritus decreased and they recovered from abrasions. Conclusions: This study suggests that the 324^th provision of Shanghanlun refer directly to nummular eczema.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.17-32
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• 2022

Objectives : To overcome limitations of previous diagnostic systems and constitutional medicine by suggesting a new perspective of constitutional medicine and a system of Yin Yang and Five Phases that is applicable to many diseases untreatable by biomedicine. Methods : The Life Structure Diagram which shows the different distribution of Yin Yang and Five Phases according to constitution, reflects the non-local and simultaneous characteristics of Yin Yang and Five Phases. It overcomes previous diagnostic systems and constitutional medicine which were local and segmented. Each constitutional types were determined through their defining deep fractal pulse patterns, for which appropriate acupuncture methods and formulas were suggested. Results & Conclusions : A more effective differentiation of constitution and treatment could be achieved through the Life Structure Diagram, which could overcome limitations of pre-existing diagnosis and treatments of Korean Medicine.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 2022

Objective : This study aimed to report the improvement of one patient with arrhythmia treated using Bokryeonggyejibaekchulgamcho-tang based on the disease pattern identification diagnostic system (DPIDS) by Shanhanlun Provisions. Methods : The patient with arrhythmia was treated using Bokryeonggyejibaekchulgamcho -tang according to to Shanghanlun provisions. The results were evaluated using Modified European Heart Rhythm Association symptom scale (mEHRA). Results : After taking Bokryeonggyejibaekchulgamcho-tang for 257 days, mEHRA decreased from 3 to 1. Conclusions : The Administration of Bokryeonggyejibaekchulgamcho-tang to patient with arrhythmia, based on Shanhanlun DPIDS was effective.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.117-130
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• 2023

Objective : The objective of this study is to explore the meaning of 弦 in Shanghanlun through analyzing two cases. Methods : Two cases treated with modified Soshiho-tang, which is administrated when 弦 aggravates chief complaints, were analyzed. All of the cases were diagnosed by disease pattern identification diagnostic system based on Shanghanlun Provisions. Results : The patients' chief complaints of all 2 cases were improved after administration of modified Soshiho-tang. As pulling symptom was reduced in all 2 cases, patients' disease were relieved. Through the etymological research and clinical treatment results, the clinical meaning of 弦 is deduced as 'pulling'. Conclusions : The etymological and clinical analysis suggest that the concept of '弦' maybe defined as 'pulling' in Shanghanlun.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.149-160
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• 2023

Objective: To report a chronic cough that has improved after administering the Gyejigahubakhaengja-tang using Shanghanlun DPIDS(disease pattern identification diagnostic system). Methods: Chronic cough patient who occurred after COVID-19 was presumed to be diagnosed with cough variant asthma. After that, it was diagnosed as Taeyang-byung, number 43 provision according to Shanghanlun DPIDS, and the result of taking the Gyejigahubakhaengja-tang for 30 days was evaluated as VAS (visual analogue scale) and LCQ (leicester cough questionnaire). Results: After taking Gyejigahubakhaengja-tang for 30 days, chronic cough decreased from VAS 10 to VAS 1. The LCQ increased from 24 to 122. Conclusions: For chronic cough patients, 喘 at Shanghanlun DPIDS can be considered as the cause.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.12-28
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• 2023

Introduction This study reports case series of Soyangin patients with coldness in hands and feet using Sasang constitutional medicine approach. This study suggests a value of using constitutional medicine indicators as both prognostic and diagnostic tools. Methods Among patients who visited an outpatient clinic, 7 patients were selected based on the criteria. These selected patients were exclusively treated with herbal medicine and monitored every 2 to 4 weeks retrospectively. Results The average treatment period was 8 weeks. Patients with a favorable pattern showed the improvement within 8 weeks, while those with an unfavorable pattern required more time. Discussion This study confirms the significance of Sasang constitutional medicine approach in Soyangin exterior cold syndrome with coldness in hands and feet. It also validates the current coldness in hands and feet as meaningful diagnostic indicator of Soyangin exterior cold syndrome. Furthermore, it highlights the value of original symptoms as prognostic tools.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.383-388
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• 2014

Objectives: Patients with dementia are increasing in Korea. So the importance of accurate diagnosis and treatment of dementia is growing. In this paper, we evaluated the result of employing the Korean medical diagnostic pattern as a tool in clinics. Methods: Patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease were evaluated using the Korean medical diagnostic pattern tool. Results: The number of patients with liver-kidney yin deficiency pattern/syndrome was 35. Analyzing the ratio difference between the 'liver-kidney yin deficiency' group and the 'not liver-kidney yin deficiency' group revealed that the ratio of the responses to the fourth question was less than zero. The ratio of the responses to the fifth, seventh, and eight questions were all less than 10%. The ratio of the responses to the first and second questions were greater than 30%. Conclusions: Of the six diagnostic patterns, liver-kidney yin deficiency was the greatest in the study subjects. The fourth question in the liver-kidney yin deficiency tool tests for the lack of appropriateness whereas the fifth, seventh, and eight questions test for lack of discrimination. Applying more weight to the first and second questions was an excellent choice to increase the discrimination.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.69-79
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• 2022

Objective : Fatigue is the most common symptom in post-COVID-19 syndrome. We report the case of a patient with post-COVID-19 syndrome with fatigue treated using herbal medicine (Saengkangsasim-tang). Methods : A 64-year-old man had severe fatigue for 4 months after a severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Saengkangsasim-tang was administered to this patient based on the disease pattern identification diagnostic system by Shanghanlun provisions (DPIDS). We used the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to evaluate the effectiveness of Saengkangsasim-tang for fatigue in the patient with post-COVID-19 syndrome. Results : According to DPIDS, the patient was diagnosed with the provision 157. After administration of Saengkangsasim-tang for 30days, the fatigue based on NRS and depression based on BDI were improved. Conclusions : The administration of Saengkangsasim-tang to patients with post-COVID-19 syndrome with fatigue, diagnosed according to the Shanghanlun provision 157, may be effective.

• 대한상한금궤의학회지
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.85-115
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• 2023

Objectives : This study reports on the cases of four ADHD patients who treated with herbal medication based on Disease Pattern Identification Diagnostic System (DPIDS). Methods : Two children and two adults were diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-V, and Galgeunhwangryeonhwanggeum-tang was administered. The parents of the two children completed the Korean ADHD Rating Scale (K-ARS) before and after treatment, while the other patients used the Korean ADHD Self Rating Scale (K-ASRS). The patients' somatic symptoms and other issues were evaluated through interviews. Results : In the first case, the K-ARS scale exhibited a change from 28 to 3. The patient demonstrated improvements in attention, concentration, and social behavior, along with the elimination of self-injurious behavior. In the second case, the K-ARS scale showed a change from 41 to 9. The patient in the third case demonstrated improved chronic fatigue, increased attention, work efficiency, and enhanced social skills, leading to maintaining employment for over six months for the first time in their life after the treatments. Additionally, the patient in the fourth case demonstrated improved work concentration and relief in nocturia. Conclusions : In this study, four patients exhibited improvements in symptoms of attention deficit, hyperactivity, and impulsivity before and after herbal treatment, leading to enhanced academic and social relationships. As the patients progressed in their health restoration, symptoms related to the genitourinary system also showed improvement.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.214-224
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the trend in diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents. Methods: Individuals aged 0-18 years were included in the study based on the National Health Insurance Claims Data. To investigate the trends in diagnosis and diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders reflecting the decrease in the birth rate, data were analyzed from 2010 as a reference year to 2015. Results: The number of patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorder decreased annually, from 23,412 on 2010 to 18,821 on 2015. The most common disorder was hyperkinetic disorder in male and depressive episode in female. Although there was no significant change in overall diagnostic prevalence rate of psychiatric disorders, age groups <10 years and some disorders had significant changes in prevalence rate. This study classified the diagnostic prevalence by age into two unique patterns: group in which the diagnosis rate increases with age and group in which the diagnosis rate peaks at a certain age and then decreases. Conclusion: Diagnostic prevalence of psychiatric disorders was different according to age and sex. These patterns should be reflected in the formulation of policies related to mental health and in medical practice for pediatric patients. It is urgent to identify how these patterns change in young adults.