• Title/Summary/Keyword: Design Concepts

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Analysis of User Behavior for the Revitalization of Small Parks near Stations by the Location Types in Influential Subway Area (역세권내 역 인접 소공원의 유형별 이용행태분석을 통한 활성화 방안 연구)

  • Lee, Joo-Hee;Park, Jin-A.
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.9-20
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    • 2008
  • The government is planning to link a small park with the soon to be ready subway line 9 as a part of Seoul's policy, "The standard or plan for making a water-friendly space by water use" (2007). However, the specified concepts and instructions of the small parks need further work. Therefore, the policy is expected to expand to neighboring small parks near the subway station, but these are not supported by research or data which suggests the needs or actual user behavior and utilization of small parks. our country added the specified concept of small parks and theme parks to the classification of urban parks in the Urban Park Act Revision (2005.3.31), but the concept of small parks is not clearly settled in the law in the scopes of its function, scale, promotion nor particularly defined plans for small park projects. This study examines as small park near a subway station. The characteristics of there region and users vary from the characteristics of the station and region. In the "directions for concrete standards under the types of urban parks and green zones" (2007.2) the types of small parks are classified by "regional characteristics" and "user characteristics". Therefore, this study classifies the subject of neighboring small parks near subway stations as the neighborhood and small urban parks according to the Urban Park Act. The study was paralleled with observation and questionnaires on the analysis of the neighborhood and small urban parks. The actual conditions of park utilization and user behavioral characteristics were deducted by observation, while the questionnaire determined actual user utilization, importance and satisfaction level as well as the small park environment. This study largely focused on three aspects: park facility, design of this sentence isn't even complete. The second aspect isn't finished and the third isn't here.

Image and Visual Preference of the Median Bus Stops;Focusing on Seoul City (중앙부 버스 정류장의 이미지와 시각적 선호에 관한 연구;서울시를 중심으로)

  • Kwon, Ni-A;Im, Seung-Bin
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.36 no.3
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    • pp.85-95
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    • 2008
  • The City of Seoul enforces the 'Median reserved bus lane', a revised public transportation system, in order to achieve both a faster and more convenient transit system. This study examines the visual image and preference of the median bus stops in accordance with the operation of the median reserved bus lanes. In order to evaluate and clarify the distinct landscape of each bus stop in a different environment, our team selected 3 representative bus stops with different environments on main roads and conducted landscape simulations so as to evaluate visual preference. The sites were on a narrow range road, wide width road in the downtown area and wide width road on the outskirts of the city. The preference degree for each selected bus-stop environment was compared. The comparison conditions were a median bus stop with preexisting landscape, a median bus stop with planted trees, and a landscape without a median bus stop. The results of the study can be Summarized as follows: First, the visual influence on median bus stops depends on the visual complexity of the environment where they are located. People had an affinity for the median bus stop in which the visual complexity was low, while the preference degree of median bus stop was low in a highly complex area. Secondly, regardless of regional environment where median bus stops are located, research showed that it is more "impressive" to have a median bus-stop with planted trees than landscape without a median bus stop. Thirdly, the median bus stop with plants highly preferred over one without moreover, the landscape with planted trees would provide a comfortable mind for people. This study reveals that planting-oriented design concepts in median bus stops exhibit significant differences in the preference assessment factors. Thus, for further median bus stop construction, planting is desirable to create an impressive streetscape and better scenic quality.

Exploratory Case Study for Key Successful Factors of Producy Service System (Product-Service System(PSS) 성공과 실패요인에 관한 탐색적 사례 연구)

  • Park, A-Rum;Jin, Dong-Su;Lee, Kyoung-Jun
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.255-277
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    • 2011
  • Product Service System(PSS), which is an integrated combination of product and service, provides new value to customer and makes companies sustainable as well. The objective of this paper draws Critical Successful Factors(CSF) of PSS through multiple case study. First, we review various concepts and types in PSS and Platform business literature currently available on this topic. Second, after investigating various cases with the characteristics of PSS and platform business, we select four cases of 'iPod of Apple', 'Kindle of Amazon', 'Zune of Microsoft', and 'e-book reader of Sony'. Then, the four cases are categorized as successful and failed cases according to criteria of case selection and PSS classification. We consider two methodologies for the case selection, i.e., 'Strategies for the Selection of Samples and Cases' proposed by Bent(2006) and the seven case selection procedures proposed by Jason and John(2008). For case selection, 'Stratified sample and Paradigmatic cases' is adopted as one of several options for sampling. Then, we use the seven case selection procedures such as 'typical', 'diverse', 'extreme', 'deviant', 'influential', 'most-similar', and 'mostdifferent' and among them only three procedures of 'diverse', 'most?similar', and 'most-different' are applied for the case selection. For PSS classification, the eight PSS types, suggested by Tukker(2004), of 'product related', 'advice and consulancy', 'product lease', 'product renting/sharing', 'product pooling', 'activity management', 'pay per service unit', 'functional result' are utilized. We categorize the four selected cases as a product oriented group because the cases not only sell a product, but also offer service needed during the use phase of the product. Then, we analyze the four cases by using cross-case pattern that Eisenhardt(1991) suggested. Eisenhardt(1991) argued that three processes are required for avoiding reaching premature or even false conclusion. The fist step includes selecting categories of dimensions and finding within-group similarities coupled with intergroup difference. In the second process, pairs of cases are selected and listed. The second step forces researchers to find the subtle similarities and differences between cases. The third process is to divide the data by data source. The result of cross-case pattern indicates that the similarities of iPod and Kindle as successful cases are convenient user interface, successful plarform strategy, and rich contents. The differences between the successful cases are that, wheares iPod has been recognized as the culture code, Kindle has implemented a low price as its main strategy. Meanwhile, the similarities of Zune and PRS series as failed cases are lack of sufficient applications and contents. The differences between the failed cases are that, wheares Zune adopted an undifferentiated strategy, PRS series conducted high-price strategy. From the analysis of the cases, we generate three hypotheses. The first hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires convenient user interface. The second hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires a reciprocal(win/win) business model. The third hypothesis assumes that a successful PSS system requires sufficient quantities of applications and contents. To verify the hypotheses, we uses the cross-matching (or pattern matching) methodology. The methodology matches three key words (user interface, reciprocal business model, contents) of the hypotheses to the previous papers related to PSS, digital contents, and Information System (IS). Finally, this paper suggests the three implications from analyzed results. A successful PSS system needs to provide differentiated value for customers such as convenient user interface, e.g., the simple design of iTunes (iPod) and the provision of connection to Kindle Store without any charge. A successful PSS system also requires a mutually benefitable business model as Apple and Amazon implement a policy that provides a reasonable proft sharing for third party. A successful PSS system requires sufficient quantities of applications and contents.

Multiplification of the Reality in Contemporary Sculpture (현대조각에 있어서 실재의 다중화)

  • You, Jae-Heung
    • Journal of Science of Art and Design
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    • v.12
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    • pp.65-96
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    • 2007
  • Today, the modern art is extremely diverse. It is denying its own boundary through chaos, extreme, abjection. In fact the diversity of the modern art can be best described as questioning and challenging to the essence of the reality, rather than the artistic pursuit of the beauties. The pursuit of the reality has been a long lasting discourse since the ancient. Through the history, the reality (referent) and representation (image) has been complementing and disposing each other in a relationship of a meaningful construction until the modern times. The limit of modernistic self-reference and the emergence of the figure leads to the emergence of Post-modernism in a trend of experimenting new visual arts. The return to the figure is clearly distinguished from existing representation's system and it brought new meanings to approaches and interpretations of the reality. In the case of Pop arts of 1960's and the following the modern sculptures, which is covered by this thesis, I put an emphasis on the diversification of those via changed strategies on the reality. In a situation where the reality is dictated by signified, the modern arts can no longer stay on a classic concept of representation, rather it pursuits new system and diverse strategies. I provide three types of strategic characters of the reality and the diversification of reality: the transition of the reality. These three types can be used as a frame work, which is supporting new aspects of the modern arts in reflecting on existing system. Therefore, the reason of categorizing is to distinguish modernistic arts and post modernistic arts, and to propose new post-modernistic discourses. Adapting J.F, Lyotard's view, absence is used to trace down the diversification of the reality thorough the sublime on the deconstruction of the mega discourses and the relationship of representation. Based on H. Faster's theory of the appropriation, the appropriation is used to exemplify the strategies of visual arts are in variations and being delayed. Lastly, in the transition, J. Baudrilliard's simulacre is used in terms of the concept of post modernistic representation. Based on the core of his theories, the deconstruction of existing concepts and simulation as the post modernistic representation, and the world of hyperreality based on simulacre are explained. These allows us to deny that representation is the expression of reality through mimesis. My aim is to work on the definition of the arts and representation in the modern era, and go further from there in order to clarify meaning and extension of the modern sculptures. Now two artists are reviewed based on their own art works: George Seagal; Jeff Koons. They are selected among numerous artists from the Post Modern era. Epic contents and emphasis on daily life of Seagal's works show good examples to artists from Pop Arts and following time period and may have served as a start point for Postmodernism. Indeed, he tried to show a newly defined relationship between art works and daily life experience. On the other hand, J.Koons used the strategies of fabrication and appropriation, which shows characteristics of the postmodernism. Through his four individual exhibitions, he shows the diversification of the reality based on art works as fetishistic merchandises, and newly defined concept of Ready-made since M Duchamp. Lastly, the diversification of the reality is analyzed again in context of my art works. I focused on the return to the figure among a variety of trends of late 20 th century modern sculpture. It showed the post modernistic point of view on the reality. Post modernistic diversified strategies are adopted as a method of distinguishing each art works via the diversification of the reality. This is the result of contemporary social and cultural situations.

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Comparative Analysis of Satisfaction according to Opened-Fencing in Campus Afforestation Project Types - Focused on University in Seoul - (대학교 담장개방 녹화사업 유형에 따른 이용 만족도 비교 분석 - 서울 소재 대학 캠퍼스를 중심으로 -)

  • Lee, Se-Mi;Kim, Dong-Chan
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.39 no.6
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    • pp.57-66
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    • 2011
  • This study researched those universities for which fence opening and greening projects are being conducted by Seoul city. The forms of opened fences at 24 universities which have accomplished this project were classified into several types for each type of university, representative cases with many diverse facilities and active users were selected and investigated. The study was carried out using methods of field observations, literature review, and surveys. To maintain the confidentiality of the collected questionnaire analysis, the analysis of each type's usage frequency, overall satisfaction and a regression analysis with space environment and facilities, a one-way ANOVA for was used to validate the difference between types regarding satisfaction with the project. The results of usage type analysis were found to agree with the 3 analysis criteria-- installation location, user characteristics, and usage purpose--which were the legislative concepts. In overall satisfaction with facilities, it appeared that except for Seoul Women's College of Nursing with its rural district neighborhood type park, users were satisfied: with the small urban neighborhood park of Methodist Theological College, Konkuk University's small urban square park, and Sejong University's green space small city park. In general, users appeared to not have satisfaction with such features as fountains / hydroponic facilities, fitness facilities, and square facilities, which should be taken into consideration when pursuing further opening and greening projects. Regarding full satisfaction with the space environment, it was found that users were not satisfied with Seoul Women's College of Nursing's rural district neighborhood-style park, whereas they were satisfied with Methodist Theological College's small urban neighborhood park, Konkuk University's small urban square-style park, and Sejong University's green space small city park. In addition, it was shown that facilities use, convenience and privacy of the four parks were largely unsatisfactory for users, and that the small city parks located at roadsides were unsatisfactory regarding noise level, both of which should be most highly considered when conducting similar projects in the future.

Grain-Size Trend Analysis for Identifying Net Sediment Transport Pathways: Potentials and Limitations (퇴적물 이동경로 식별을 위한 입도경향 분석법의 가능성과 한계)

  • Kim, Sung-Hwan;Rhew, Ho-Sahng;Yu, Keun-Bae
    • Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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    • v.42 no.4
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    • pp.469-487
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    • 2007
  • Grain-Size Trend Analysis is the methodology to identify net sediment transport pathways, based on the assumption that the movement of sediment from the source to deposit leaves the identifiable spatial pattern of mean, sorting, and skewness of grain size. It can easily be implemented with low cost, so it has great potentials to contribute to geomorphological research, whereas it can also be used inadequately without recognition of its limitations. This research aims to compare three established methods of grain-size trend analysis to search for the adequate way of application, and also suggest the research tasks needed in improving this methodology 1D pathway method can corporate the field experience into analyzing the pathway, provide the useful information of depositional environments through X-distribution, and identify the long-term trend effectively. However, it has disadvantage of the dependence on subjective interpretation, and a relatively coarse temporal scale. Gao-Collins's 2D transport vector method has the objective procedure, has the capability to visualize the transport pattern in 2D format, and to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, whereas characteristic distance and semiquantitative filtering are controversial. Le Roux's alternative 2D transport vector method has two improvement of Gao-Collins's in that it expands the empirical rules, considers the gradient of each parameters as well as the order, and has the ability to identify the pattern at a finer temporal scale, while the basic concepts are arbitrary and complicated. The application of grain sire trend analysis requires the selection of adequate method and the design of proper sampling scheme, based on the field knowledge of researcher, the temporal scale of sediment transport pattern targeted, and information needed. Besides, the relationship between the depth of sample and representative temporal scale should be systematically investigated in improving this methodology.

Analysis of Knowledge and Competency for the Fourth Industrial Revolution Based on Anderson's Revision of Bloom's Taxonomy: Focused on Achievement Standard in the 2015 revised Practical Arts(Technology·Home Economics) (Bloom의 신교육목표 분류체계에 기초한 4차 산업혁명 시대에 요구하는 지식과 역량 분석: 2015 개정 실과(기술·가정) 교육과정의 가정과 성취기준을 대상으로)

  • Yang, Ji Sun;Lee, Gyeong Suk
    • Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.129-149
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    • 2018
  • This study has attempted to analyze the achievement standards in the 2015 revised curriculum, based on the revision of Bloom's Taxonomy and aims to identify the knowledge and required competencies in the fourth industrial era. The results of this study are as follows: First, the knowledge dimensions was the highest 'metacognitive knowledge' in middle school, while 'factual knowledge' was the highest in high school, and 'knowledge of specific details and elements' was the highest subtype of all of the knowledge dimensions. The dimensions of the cognitive process, such as the terms 'apply' and 'analyze' in middle school, as 'understand' and 'evaluate' in high school have been treated inattentively. Second, the knowledge dimension and the cognitive process dimension according to key concepts display the metacognitive knowledge and 'understand' in development, the conceptual knowledge and 'understand' in relationship. While the 'metacognitive knowledge' and 'apply' in life culture, the 'procedural knowledge' and 'evaluate' in safety, the 'factual knowledge' and 'apply' in management and the 'metacognitive knowledge' and 'understand' in life design were extremely high. Third, the verbs used in the achievement standards displayed as 'explore', 'understand', 'analyze', 'practice', 'suggest', 'recognize' and 'evaluate'. Since the statement of the action verb is the very basis for determining the performance process, specific competencies may be achieved by reflecting on the actual achievement standards. These standards should provide us with a effective cognitive process for to understand a learner's performance skills and support the direction of the education required, through a strategy that refines the connection between content elements and functions and develop their competences for the future.

Developing Systems Thinking-based STEAM Programs and Analyzing its Effects on Middle School Students (중학생을 위한 시스템 사고 기반 STEAM 교육 프로그램의 개발 및 효과 분석)

  • Kim, Yuran;Jeon, Jaedon;Eom, Jooyoung;Lee, Hyonyong
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.75-91
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    • 2020
  • The purposes of this study are 1) to develop a pre-education program for teaching the basic concepts of systems thinking and STEAM program based on systems thinking and 2) to investigate the effects of the program on middle school students' systems thinking. The subjects were 4 seventh-graders and 4 ninth-graders in a middle school located in the province of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Data related to students' systems thinking was analyzed using the rubrics developed by Hung(2008). The results were reviewed by experts to verify the validity of the rubrics and the reliability of students' system thinking. In addition, the data analyzed with the rubrics, students' awareness of systems thinking, word associations, causal maps and interviews were systematically analyzed to investigate the effects of the program on students' systems thinking. The findings of this study were as follows: First, a pre-education program and teachers' guidebook for teaching and learning the concept of systems thinking and causal maps were developed. The pre-education program consisted of familiar TV entertainment program-Infinite Challenge (Muhandojeon)-with a theme of Global Warming. Second, a STEAM education program based on systems thinking which was composed of 5 steps: Analysis-Design-Build-Assessment-Systems thinking. The major theme of the program was an air extinguisher. The developed STEAM education program had positive effects on improving middle school students' systems thinking abilities such as understanding systems, relations within a system and system generalization. Therefore, it was concluded that the STEAM program could be instrumental for cultivating students' STEAM literacy with improved systems thinking.

Web-based Text-To-Sign Language Translating System (웹기반 청각장애인용 수화 웹페이지 제작 시스템)

  • Park, Sung-Wook;Wang, Bo-Hyeun
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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    • v.24 no.3
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    • pp.265-270
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    • 2014
  • Hearing-impaired people have difficulty in hearing, so it is also hard for them to learn letters that represent sound and text that conveys complex and abstract concepts. Therefore it has been natural choice for the hearing-impaired people to use sign language for communication, which employes facial expression, and hands and body motion. However, the major communication methods in daily life are text and speech, which are big obstacles for the hearing-impaired people to access information, to learn and make intellectual activities, and to get jobs. As delivering information via internet become common the hearing-impaired people are experiencing more difficulty in accessing information since internet represents information mostly in text forms. This intensifies unbalance of information accessibility. This paper reports web-based text-to-sign language translating system that helps web designer to use sign language in web page design. Since the system is web-based, if web designers are equipped with common computing environment for internet browsing, they can use the system. The web-based text-to-sign language system takes the format of bulletin board as user interface. When web designers write paragraphs and post them through the bulletin board to the translating server, the server translates the incoming text to sign language, animates with 3D avatar and records the animation in a MP4 file. The file addresses are fetched by the bulletin board and it enables web designers embed the translated sign language file into their web pages by using HTML5 or Javascript. Also we analyzed text used by web pages of public services, then figured out new words to the translating system, and added to improve translation. This addition is expected to encourage wide and easy acceptance of web pages for hearing-impaired people to public services.

Relationships among CEO Image, Corporate Image and Employment Brand Value in Fashion Industry

  • Ko, Eun-Ju;Taylor, Charles R.;Wagner, Udo;Ji, Hyun-Ah
    • Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.307-331
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    • 2008
  • The CEO and the Corporate Image is considered very important in the aspect of marketing. The fact that CEO image itself influences the company or value of the product directly and indirectly has been verified through many cases. Recently, the differentiation of products and services between companies became difficult because the disparity in technique between companies retrenched. As a result, the rate of people who decide to purchase or invest their money based on the corporate image or reputation has been increased. Also in the knowledge society like today, the talented employees are the company's customer and the company's necessity for managing those brains of marketing perspective on how to satisfy and attract the customers is being embossed. The Fashion industry is one of the most value-added industry and in those value-added businesses, the most important factor is the human resources' knowledge power. However the study of the relationships among the CEO image, the corporate image and employment brand value in fashion industry has not been carried out yet. This research considers that dynamic relationship exists among the CEO image, corporate image and employment brand value that affects a company's main goal of pursuing benefits and intends to investigate the relationships of the three concepts. The specific purposes of this study were, 1) to analyze the impact of CEO image on a corporate image, 2) to analyze the impact of corporate image on employment brand value, 3) to analyze the impact of CEO image on employment brand value, 4) to analyze whether corporate image plays a mediating role in the relationship between CEO image and employment brand value or not. A survey design with a structured questionnaire was employed for this research. A convenience sample of 398 subjects was selected from two groups, which are university students majoring in fashion and practitioners working in fashion industry. For the data analysis, descriptive statistic (i.e., frequency, percentage), factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used by utilizing SPSS 12.0 for Windows program. The results for this research are as follows, first, the study of the impact of CEO image (i.e., Managerial Competence, Reliability/Leadership, Personal Attractiveness) on corporate image (i.e., Product Image, Corporate Social Responsibility Image, Corporate Cultural Image) brought conclusion that the CEO image generally affected the corporate image in fashion industry. Managerial Competence and Reliability/Leadership affected Product Image, Corporate Social Responsibility Image and Corporate Cultural Image. However, while CEO's Personal Attractiveness affected Product Image and Corporate Social Responsibility Image, it did not affect Corporate Cultural Image. Second, the study of the impact of corporate image on employment brand value brought conclusion that corporate image (i.e., Product Image, Corporate Social Responsibility Image, Corporate Cultural Image) affected employment brand value. Corporate Cultural Image affected employment brand value the most and then the Corporate Social Responsibility Image and Product Image. Third, the study of the impact of CEO image on employment brand value brought conclusion that CEO image (i.e., Managerial Competence, Reliability/Leadership, Personal Attractiveness) affected the employment brand value. CEO's Reliability/Leadership affected the employment brand value the most and then CEO's Personal Attractiveness and CEO's Managerial Competence. Forth, the study examined whether corporate image plays a mediating role in relationship of CEO image and employment brand value and concluded that it does. Corporate image played a full mediating role between CEO's Managerial Competence and employment brand value while it played a partial mediating role between CEO's Reliability/Leadership and CEO's Personal Attractiveness. This study is meaningful in a sense that it examines the relationship among the CEO image, corporate image and employment brand value which has not been carried out yet in fashion industry. It will ultimately contribute to the success of a fashion company by providing useful information of establishing strategies for managing proper the CEO and the corporate image to the fashion company and operating the talented employees.

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