• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.191-196
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 5 different personalities on job stress in physical therapists. Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Methods: Structured self-report questionnaires consisted of demographic items, 5 types of personalities, and occupational stress. A questionnaire was distributed to 420 physical therapists working in Seoul and Incheon who had voluntarily agreed to participate in the study after the purpose of the study was explained. Of the 420 questionnaires, 405 questionnaires were collected and showed a recovery rate of 96.4%, of which 28 cases were excluded, leaving a total of 377 questionnaires being used for analyses. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to investigate the correlation of job stress and five personalities types. In addition, multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the effect of general and occupational characteristics of physical therapist on job stress and the effect of personality type on occupational stress. All statistical significance levels were set at p<0.05. Results: The highest number of subjects, which were the physical therapists, showed the tendency to have a sincere personality, followed by affinity, openness, extroversion, and neuroticism. Physical therapists reported to be the most stressed in the order of professional role conflict, overload of work, work relation with a physician and supervisor, interpersonal relationship with patient and caregiver. The higher the level of affinity and sincerity, the lower the amount of stress received by the therapist from the interpersonal relationships between the patient and caregivers. On the other hand, the greater the level of openness and sincerity, the lower the stress levels related to professional role conflict. Conclusions: This study showed that the personality type and job stress of physiotherapists had a statistically significant effect. It is very important for physiotherapists to find their own way of coping with stress, which is satisfactory and appropriate for their job, because it is related not only to individual problems but also to the quality of patient care and medical services. Therefore, it is necessary to continue conducting research on how to relieve the stress levels of physical therapists according to their personality characteristics.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.171-177
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the characteristics of patients who underwent spinal nerve block on the fear of injection and the risk of radiation. Subjects were 137 patients (67 males, 70 females) who visited the Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine in Cheongju. The method was conducted as a research study using a total of 28 questionnaires consisting of patient characteristics, experience characteristics of nerve block surgery, nerve block fear scale, and radiation risk perception scale. The reliability of the questionnaire response was secured with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.6 or higher. For statistical analysis, correlation was tested by descriptive statistics, frequency analysis, independent sample T-test, and Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients by measurement scale and factor. As a result, the fear scale of nerve block was significantly higher in women than in men (p<0.05). The fear scale of nerve block injection was significantly higher in the first-visit patients than in the second-visited patients (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference among all variables in radiation risk perception. In conclusion, patients undergoing spinal nerve block were more aware of the fear of injection than the risk of radiation exposure during the procedure.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.351-361
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for resolving individual and regional health inequalities by identifying factors that affect healthy living practices, and to protect the access to health equity and the access to health equity and the people's right to health. Raw data from the 2019 Community Health Survey were used, and descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed using SAS 9.4 and IBM SPSS ver. 21. The healthy living practice rate was 33.8% overall, and there was a difference of 11~20% by region. In terms of individual factors, healthy living practices were significantly different in gender, age, occupation, sleep time, subjective health status, and subjective stress level. In the interpersonal factor, there was a difference in social activity for healthy living practice, and in the community factor, positive attitude toward the local physical environment, annual unsatisfied medical care, and use of health institutions were significant. In order to increase the practice of healthy living by region based on the research results, comprehensive policies and cooperative measures that can be approached at the individual, social and national level should be implemented along with specific strategies.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.167-175
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• 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of occupational therapist's sleep quality and examine the correlation between sleep quality and job stress. We also investigated the effects of the occupational therapist's sleep quality on job stress. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the importance of sleep quality and find a way to reduce job stress in occupational therapists. Methods : We conducted a study from November 7 to from December 23, 2022. To assess sleep quality and job stress, sleep quality of scale and Korean occupational stress scale-SF (KOSS-SF) were used. The general characteristics, sleep quality, job stress were examined using a frequency analysis and presented with descriptive statistics. The pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine, whether there was a correlation between sleep quality and job stress. To find what factors have and effect on job stress, we conducted a multiple regression analysis. A significance level of α=.05 was used to verify statistical significance. Results : First, average sleep quality score was 2.10±.19. Second, a significant correlation was found between sleep quality and job stress (p<.01). And As a result of the relationship between sleep quality sub-factors and job stress, day time dysfunction (r=.23, p<.01), restoration (r=.18, p<.05), difficulty of falling asleep (r=.38, p<.01). difficulty of awakening (r=.36, p<.01), satisfaction (r=.33, p<.01) and difficulty of maintaining sleep (r=.24, p<.05) showed a statistically significant relationship with job stress. Third, the sub-factors of sleep quality influencing job stress were difficulty of falling asleep (β =.26, p<.01), difficulty of awakening (β=.23, p<.01) and satisfaction (β=.21, p<.01). Conclusion : The results of this study, demonstrated the importance of sleep quality in affecting job stress. Therefore, follow-up studies are, necessary to develop interventions to improve, occupational therapist's sleep quality in the future.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-132
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• 2023

Objectives: This study used the 2018 Korea Health Panel Survey data to analyze factors affecting employment status and income relating to unmet dental and medical care needs. Additionally it investigated measures to reduce oral health inequality among various socioeconomic classes. Methods: Descriptive statistics for the subjects' unmet dental and medical care needs were calculated through chi-square test analysis, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify factors affecting the unmet dental and medical care needs. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated for each level. These data were analyzed using STATA 17.0 SE (64-bit) version, and the statistical significance level was set to p<0.05. Results: As a result of unmet dental and medical care needs according to general characteristics, the lower the education level (p<0.001), the higher the age (p<0.001) and the lower the household equalization income (p<0.024) and the smoker status (p<0.003) were, respectively. Factors that have a statistically significant impact on unmet dental and medical care needs were divorce, separation and bereavement (p<0.001) in individuals than in married persons, and being smokers than non-smokers (p<0.009). The frequency of unmet dental and medical care needs were found to be lower in the cases of a high school graduate than an elementary school graduate (p<0.018), and of higher household equalization income (p<0.001) than the lowest household equalization income, respectively. Conclusions: It was found that various factors such as age, education level, household equalization income, employment status, type of working hours type, and smoking status affect unmet dental and medical care needs.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.101-109
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study is to verify the differences in muscle characteristics of elite level swimmers before and after a 2-hour practice session. Method: The study was conducted on 15 elite swimmers. Preliminary measurements for each muscle (Anterior Deltoid, Triceps Brachii, Biceps Brachii, Flexor Carpi Ulnaris) were taken using the MyotonPRO device before training. After approximately 2 hours of training, the same muscle areas were measured again. The collected data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and two-way 2×2 RG·RM ANOVA, and all statistical significance levels were set at α=.05. Results: After analyzing the characteristics of the Flexor Carpi Ulnaris (FCU) before and after training in both proficiency level swimmers (excellent, non-excellent), it was found that the interaction effect of group X repetition in muscle tension (F), muscle stiffness (S), and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Secondly, in the analysis of the Biceps Brachii (BB), the main effect of repetition in muscle tension (F), muscle stiffness (S), and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Furthermore, the interaction effect of group X repetition in muscle stiffness (S) and body recovery time (R) was statistically significant. Conclusion: The efficient use of FCU and BB suggests that it is an important factor distinguishing the performance of excellent and non-excellent swimmers in swimming. Therefore, if we develop and apply measures to efficiently utilize FCU and BB during training, it can help improve the performance of the athletes.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

Purpose: This study examines the factors that the Millennials and Gen Z prefers to invest in assets. We look at the asset structure they want now and in the future and the idea of designing the future. This can be expected that the center of Korea's asset market will change to the structure they want in the future. Research design, data and methodology: The spatial extent of the study is all over Korea including Seoul, the metropolitan area, and local cities. The survey was conducted for about 16 days from May 7 to May 22, 2023. The survey was conducted by the surveyor visiting the subject in person, distributing the questionnaire, explaining it, and filling it out in person. For the analysis, descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were conducted using the SPSS 25.0 statistical package. Results: It was confirmed that the preferred assets of the Millennials and Gen Z were different by period. There was also a difference in the influencing factors between Millennial Generation and Generation Z in asset preference. Conclusions: The Millennials and Gen Z's preferred assets were different by period. The reason is interpreted as the current process of collecting assets during the asset formation period. In the future, they intend to purchase real estate assets by using financial assets as a lump sum of money. We learned the characteristics of the entire Millennials and Gen Z, in addition, the difference between income and assets is believed to have affected the difference in preference factors of Millennial Generation and Generation Z, respectively.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2023

Objectives: Sarcopenia has emerged as a significant aging-related disease that affects many facets of societal-level and patient-level public health. This study analysed knowledge of sarcopenia and associated socio-demographic factors among the general public of Malaysia in order to effectively improve its prevention and countermeasures. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Selangor, Malaysia, using Google Forms among 202 Malaysian adults from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse the socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge scores. The continuous variables were evaluated using the independent t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and one-way analysis of variance test. The Spearman correlation coefficient was employed to determine the correlation between socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge score levels. Results: The final analysis included 202 participants. The mean±standard deviation age was 49.03±12.65. Only 6.9% of participants had good knowledge of sarcopenia and were aware of sarcopenia's characteristics, consequences, and treatments. Post-hoc comparisons using the Dunnett T3 test showed statistical significance in mean knowledge score and age group (p=0.011) and education level (p≤0.001). The Mann-Whitney test revealed that gender (p=0.026) and current smoking status (p=0.023) significantly influenced knowledge scores. Conclusions: The general public's knowledge of sarcopenia was found to be poor to moderate and associated with age and education status. Therefore, education and interventions by policymakers and healthcare professionals to improve public knowledge of sarcopenia in Malaysia are needed.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.338-347
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• 2022

Purpose: The incidence of high-risk pregnancies is increasing in Korea as the birth age increases due to late marriage. Maternal-fetal attachment is an important factor that affects children even after childbirth, but it is difficult for high-risk pregnant women to form maternal-fetal attachment. The current study aimed to explore whether taegyo practice (i.e., pregnant women's efforts for fetal good growth and development), self-esteem, and social support influenced the degree of maternal-fetal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancies. Methods: The participants included 226 pregnant Korean women at ≥20 gestational weeks, hospitalized with 15 high-risk pregnancy conditions as defined by the Ministry of Health and Welfare. Recruitment via convenience sampling was done at four sites in Busan, Korea. Surveys were distributed and collected from February 1 to 28, 2022. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, the t-test, one-factor analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: On average, participants were 33.97±4.23 years of age and at 31.65±6.23 gestational weeks. Preterm labor (35.4%) and gestational diabetes (21.0%) were the most common high-risk conditions. Maternal-fetal attachment was positively correlated with taegyo practice (r=.70, p<.001), self-esteem (r=.53, p<.001), and social support (r=.53, p<.001), all with statistical significance. Taegyo practice (β=.50, p<.001) and social support (β=.17, p=.030) explained 53% of variance in maternal-fetal attachment in women with high-risk pregnancies. Conclusion: Nurses caring for women with high-risk pregnancies during hospitalization can use these findings by promoting taegyo practice and enhancing social support to increase maternal-fetal attachment.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.61-85
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• 2023

Objective: This study aims to investigate whether science teaching attitude of early childhood teachers mediates the relationship between the professional learning environment of institutions and their intention to accept artificial intelligence (AI) technology, and whether the experience of using smart and digital devices moderates the effect of science teaching attitude. Methods: An online survey was conducted targeting 118 teachers with more than 1 year of experience in kindergarten and day care center settings. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and The Process macro model 4, 14 were performed using SPSS 27.0 and The Process macro 3.5. Results: First, the science teaching attitude of early childhood teachers served as a mediator between the professional learning environment of institutions and teachers' intention to accept AI technology. Second, the experience of using smart and digital devices was found to moderate the effect of teachers' science teaching attitude on their intention to accept AI technology. Conclusion/Implications: This results showed that an institutional environment that supports teachers' professionalism development and provides rich experience is crucial for promoting teachers' active acceptance of AI technology. The findings highlight the importance of creating a supportive institutional envionment for teacher's professional growth, enhancing science teaching attitudes, and facilitating the use of various devices.