• 산학경영연구
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• 제3권
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• pp.183-210
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• 1990

In this study traditional depreciation method has been analysed carefully and then compared with the depreciation on current cost basis for the purpose of reviewing the basic theory underlying depreciation on current cost basis in view of the current situation demanding new method of depreciation. In this treatise the inevitability of rejecting the basic theory of depreciation and traditional depreciation method has been treated. Furthermore the probable consequence when such refutation of traditional depreciation occurs is studied. How to resolve such problems and what is the basis for claiming for depreciation on current cost basis have been also analysed. Through this analysis and research the following conclusions have been drawn: 1. For the purpose of complete recovery of invested capital depreciation on current cost basis is demanded. 2. For the purpose of undertaking realistic profit computation and accounting to apply to comparison and analysis of business operation depreciation on current cost basis is required. 3. When the feasibility of depreciation on current cost basis is guaranteed' then depreciation on current cost basis can be promoted. 4. Depreciation on current cost basis should be studied from the standpoint of evaluation position.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.304-311
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 시간의 경과에 기반을 둔 누적감가상각비율함수를 이용한 새로운 감가상각방법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 임의의 시점에서의 누적감가상각금액을 계산해내는 방법으로, 현재 사용되고 있는 방법들이 가지고 있는 문제점들을 해결할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라, 시간의 경과에 따라 매 회기의 감각상액이 일정하거나, 점차 감소하거나, 점차 증가하는 모든 경우를 체계적으로 계산해낼 수 있다. 이 방법을 사용하면 각 자산의 특성에 맞는 다양한 감각상각형태를 합리적으로 선택하여 사용할 수 있고, 기중에 자산을 취득하거나 처분하는 경우에도 체계적이고 일관성 있게 감가상각비를 상계할 수 있게 된다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2020

The value of tangible assets depreciates over their useful life and this depreciation should be adequately reflected in any tax or financial reports. However, the method used to calculate depreciation can impact the financial performance of solar projects due to the time value of money. Korean tax law stipulates only one method for calculating the depreciation of solar photovoltaic facilities: the straight-line method. Conversely, USA's tax law accepts other depreciation methods as solar incentives, including the modified accelerated cost recovery system (MACRS) and Bonus depreciation method. This paper compares different depreciation methods in the financial analysis of a 10 MW solar system to determine their effect on the financial results. When depreciation was calculated utilizing the MACRS and Bonus depreciation method, the internal rate of return (IRR) was 10.9% and 16.4% higher, respectively, than when the Korean straight-line depreciation method was used. Additionally, the increased IRR resulting from the use of the two US methods resulted in a 20.5% and 27.4% higher net present value, respectively. This shows that changing the depreciation calculation method can redistribute the tax amount during the project period, thereby increasing the discounted cash flow of the solar project. In addition to increasing profitability, USA's depreciation methods alleviate the uncertainty of solar projects and provide more flexibility in project financing than the Korean method. These results strongly suggest that Korean tax law could greatly benefit from adopting USA's depreciation methods as an effective incentive scheme.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2017

PURPOSES : This study proposes the road asset valuation approach using alternative depreciation methods. It has become necessary to have asset management system according to the adoption of accrual basis accounting for governmental financial reporting and the amendment of the road act. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the effect of depreciation methods on road asset value as a basic research for road asset management system. METHODS : The Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF) has mainly performed road asset valuation based on Write down Replacement Cost and Straight Line depreciation method. This study suggests some appropriate asset valuation methods for road assets through case analysis using three depreciation methods: Consumption-based depreciation method, Condition-based depreciation method, and Straight Line depreciation method. A road asset valuation data of national highway route 1 (year 2014) is used to analyze the effect of three depreciation methods on the road asset value. Road assets include land and structures (pavement, bridge, and tunnel). This study mainly focuses on structures such as bridges and tunnels, because according to governmental accounting standards, land and road pavement assets do not depreciate. RESULTS : The main results of this study are as follows. Firstly, overall asset value of national highway route 1 was estimated at 6.97 trillion KRW when MOSF's method (straight-line depreciation method) is applied. Secondly, asset value was estimated at 4.85 trillion KRW on application of consumption-based depreciation method. Thirdly, asset value was estimated at 4.37 trillion KRW when condition-based depreciation method is applied. Therefore, either consumption-based or condition-based depreciation methods would be more appropriate than straight-line depreciation method if we can use the condition data of road assets including land that are available in real time. CONCLUSIONS : Since road assets such as pavements, bridges, and tunnels have various patterns of deterioration and condition monitoring period, it is necessary to consider a specific valuation method according to the condition of each road asset. Firstly, even though road pavements do not depreciate, asset valuation through condition-based depreciation method would be more appropriate when requirements for application of non-depreciation approach are not satisfied. Since bridge and tunnel facilities show various patterns of deterioration and condition monitoring period by type and condition level, consumption-based depreciation method based on deterioration model would be appropriate. Therefore, it is necessary to have a reasonable asset management system to apply condition-based depreciation method and a periodic condition investigation to manage road assets well.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.148-153
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• 2012

When the number of items of same type of industrial property is quite large, calculating depreciation for a group of such items may be more efficient than depreciating each item separately. Several different depreciation systems may be used for group depreciation. If the life of each vintage in an account are not estimated, then the BG procedure can be used; the BG procedure puts all vintages of the same type of property into a single broad group for depreciation purposes. In this case, only an estimate of the PASL and the net salvage ratio for all the property in the broad group is needed to calculate the depreciation charge.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.519-526
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 이전에 저자가 제안한 감가상각누적비율함수를 이용한 감가상각방법의 실질적인 활용을 위한 보다 상세한 설명을 제시한다. 감가상각누적비율함수는 상각대상금액에 대한 임의의 시점까지의 상각누적비율 값을 제공해 주는 함수로, 시간의 경과에 기반을 둔 감가상각방법에 활용될 수 있다. 이 함수를 사용하면 매 회기의 상각액이 일정하거나, 점차 감소하거나, 점차 증가하는 모든 경우의 상각금액을 체계적으로 계산해낼 수 있어, 각 자산의 특성에 맞는 다양한 감각상각형태를 합리적으로 선택하여 사용할 수 있다. 또한, 상각누적비율이 시간의 연속함수로 표현됨으로써 기중에 자산을 취득하거나 처분하는 경우에도 체계적이고 일관성 있게 감가상각비를 상계할 수 있게 된다. 다만, 함수의 매개변수 값을 얼마로 지정할 것인가 하는 문제가 존재하는데 본 연구에서 그에 대한 자료를 제공한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.733-743
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to present a rational depreciation method for a pyroprocess cost calculation. Toward this end, the so-called advanced decelerated depreciation method (ADDM) was developed that complements the limitations of the existing depreciation methods such as the straight-line method and fixed percentage of declining-balance method. ADDM was used to show the trend of the direct material cost and direct labor cost compared to the straight-line or fixed percentage of the declining-balance methods that are often used today. As a result, it was demonstrated that the depreciation cost of the ADDM, which assumed a pyroprocess facility's life period to be 40 years with a deceleration rate of 5%, takes up 4.14% and 27.74% of the pyroprocess unit cost ($781/kg heavy metal) in the $1^{st}$ and final years, respectively. In other words, it was found that the ADDM can cost the pyroprocess facility's capital investment rationally every year. Finally, ADDM's validity was verified by confirming that the sum of the depreciation cost by year, and the sum of the purchasing cost of the building and equipment, are the same.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.217-230
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop the Generalized Depreciation Function (GDF) and Winfrey Depreciation Function (WDF) by reviewing methods for the depreciation accountings. The Depreciation Accounting Models (DAM), including straight-line model, declining-balance model, sum-of-the-year-digit model and sinking fund model presented in this paper, are reclassified into the charging pattern of increasing type, decreasing type and constant type. This paper also discusses the development of the GDFs based on convex type, concave type and constant type according to the demand pattern of product, frequency of plant usage, deterioration of time, relative inadequacy, Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operating Expenditure (OPEX) of the Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). The WDFs presented in this paper depict a sudden degradation of plant performance by measuring the change of TPM activity at the midpoint of useful life of asset. The WDFs are classified into left-modal type, symmetrical type and right-modal type by varying the value of skewness and kurtosis. Moreover, three increasing patterns, such as convex, concave and linear types, are used in this paper to present the distinct identification of WFDs by using Instantaneous Depreciation Rate (IDR) in terms of Performance Depreciation Function (PDF) and Depreciation Density Function (DDF). In order to have better understanding of depreciation models, the numerical examples are used for evaluating the Net Operating Less Adjusted Tax (NOPLAT) and Economic Value Added (EVA). It is concluded that the depreciation models showing a large dispersion of EVA require the adjustment of NOPLAT and Invested Capital (IC) based on the objective cash basis and net operating activity for reducing the variation of EVA.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2006

Box-Cox model and T-factor method have been widely used to measure economic depreciations for industrial property. The Box-Cox model which combines economic efficiency with depreciation pattern is here extended to the reliability function. To do so a Rayleigh distribution which has been used to estimate the reliability of current assets was chosen as an efficiency curve of marginal productivity. Such an approach provides the possibility to classify the efficiency curves into four categories. It is also possible to analyze the types of depreciation curves. Therefore, the power family of a non-linear Box-Cox model could be set at certain constant values, then the model can be transformed into a linear model to estimate the economic depreciation rates by utilizing the reliability function. Estimating the resultant linear regression equation requires minimal number of observations, while at the same time facilitating the test of hypothesis on depreciation rates.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.130-136
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• 2009

Estimation of mortality behavior of a industrial property are useful for calculating depreciation and making management decisions relating to property. The common methods of computing depreciation require an estimation of service life, and some methods may require an estimate of life expectancy. Estimation of service life and life expectancy can be computed from a smoothed and extended life table of original life tables developed through life analysis techniques. Several actuarial techniques are available to construct a life table for depreciation application. Of these methods, the graphic approach and graduation by mathematical formula are the most widely used in the field of depreciation. A commonly used technique of smoothing and of extending the life table is to fit a lows type survivor curves to the observed retirement rate by the least square method. In this paper, estimates of depreciation rate based on directly observed data of the domestic petrochemical equipments are presented.