• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.281-289
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• 2004

Objective : Blepharoptosis is drooping of eyelid which causes impairment of visual field by covering partially or completely, and it is classified into congenital ptosis and acquired one. In western medicine, idiopathic blepharoptosis is usually treated by tarsectomy. Contrary to that concept, we consider eyelid is assigned to Yookryoon(肉輪) among Ohryoon(五輪) which matches to spleen. In oriental medicine, it can be treated by promoting spleen and kidney. Here I report two cases of idiopathic blepharoptosis improved by conservative acupuncture therapy and herb medicine. Methods : The changes in clinical symptoms of general body weakness, anorexia, dizziness, dry eye, etc, in degree of eyelid drooping and in individual expression were described as they were treated with acupuncture therapy, herb medicine, Bojoong-ikgi-tang(補中益氣湯) and some physical therapy including Negative, I.C.T, S.S.P and Carbon. Results : Symptoms(ex) general body weakness, anorexia, dizziness, dry eye, etc) at admission improved and disappeared gradually with acupuncture therapy and herb medicine. The patients could discharge with favorable recovery. Conclusions : In oriental medicine, blepharoptosis is mainly treated by promoting Qihyul(氣血) and enhancing flow of that. If the patient has deficiency of Suhnchun-poomboo(先天稟褓賦) and Mungmoon-hwa(命門火), he is treated by promoting Shin-yang(腎陽). If he is weak in Bee-qi(脾氣), he needs to be treated by strengthening Bee-yang(脾陽) where patient with lack of Ganhyul(肝血) is supposed to be treated by promoting Hyul(血). These following two cases were managed by acupuncture, herb medicine and physical therapy on idiopathic blepharoptosis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.185-193
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• 2022

This study attempted to compare and analyze the commercially available multi-use patterns to develop mask patterns suitable for the face types of adult women. Through this, it was intended to provide necessary data to mask pattern development and products. As a results of comparing the dimensions and shapes of commercial multi-use mask patterns, there was a significant difference in dimensions even though it was a L-size mask manufactured for adults. As a result of the appearance evaluation of the virtual outfit, there were significant differences by design in the vertical of the center front line, the cover and space of the mask, the height of the nose, and the lower part of the mask. The side also showed significant differences in the covering of the side of the face, the space of the side, and the width and length of the string. As a result of the appearance evaluation, Mask 4 received the best evaluation. The shape of the mask pattern had a large dart in the lower part of the nose so that it can cover the three-dimensional shape of the face, but there was a difference in the degree and angle of the curve depending on the mask. Although the upper part of the mask, the lower part of the mask, and the cheek part are in close contact, the evaluation of the mask pattern, which has room in the nose and mouth, was high. It is thought that the mask pattern should be set according to the upper length, lower length, and nose height of the mask through analysis of the face shape and dimensions.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.8
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• pp.127-154
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• 1981

Today's complicated society with a rapid change needs more objective and accurate data for the better managerical decisions and the prospect for the future other than the intuition or subjective experience by men themselves. These data can't be extracted without the analysis of actual data by a n.0, pplying any of mathematical techniques. One of these mathematical techniques, called bibliometrics has been newly developed in the field of library and information science to extract the objective data for the better services through the library operations. The Beadford's Law, one important law in bibliometrics has provided rather scientific and objective basis on the more valid building of library collection within the constraints of budget. The purpose of the study is to investigate the theory of the Bradford's Law, to clarify the possible areas of its a n.0, pplication, and to discern some problems in doing so. The results of the study can be summarized as follows; (1) There is certain difference between the graphical formulation and verbal formulation of Bradford's Law. But this law is very useful for the field of library and information science, owing to the flexibility of the a n.0, pplication of the law in the field. (2) The minimal nucleus can consist of a single periodical only if j, the number of relevant papers in the most productive journals is greater than Z/2. On the other hand, if j is less than or equal to Z/2, then the minimal nucleus will consist of 2 or more periodicals. (3) It is possible to design the most compact selection of scientific periodicals covering any specified percentage P among the total periodicals by using the formulation, log n=Plog N+(1-P)logs, or Nlog N/s=P center dot N log N/s. (4) If there is need to provide all the articles needed by users the given budget, the library can purchase the proper number of journals, by using the formulation, f center dot AN=An+PN (log N/s-logn/s). (5) In the building of the library collection based on the decreasing ratio of use, the library can subscribe to the proper number of journals according to the satisfactory degree of the need, by using the formulation, f=Nu+uNlogN/S-uNlogn/s / nNlogN/s = 1+logN/m /logN/s (6) If the order of valuable journals is decided according to the frequency of being cited, the order can't always represent the value. (7) The evaluation criteria for the journals with high value, but less cited should be made a further study.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-33
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• 2016

Samples from newly exposed outcrop of sedimentary layers forming Jeongdongjin coastal terrace in Gangreung area are collected and analyzed to find the sedimentary environment. The site are located at the gentle hillslope of the terrace surface area. The height of the outcrop is about 8m and the altitude of it's highest part is 68~73m MSL. The lowest part of this out crop is the partly consolidated sand layer with gravel veneer within it. It is found that this part is not in-situ weathered sand stone through the OSL method. This sand layer is overlain by the gravel layer with sand matrix. The shapes of the gravels from this part are mainly 'platy', 'elongated', and 'bladed' by the index of Sneed and Folk(1958). In addition, mean roundness is not so high. It is sceptical to regard this part as marine sediments which are continuously exposed to erosional processes. The boundary between the lowest sand layer and gravel layer showing the abrupt change in forming material without any mixture or transitional zone, so gravels are seemed to deposited after some degree of consolidation of the lowest sand layer. In addition, the hight of the boundary between layers are changed by the place, so the surface of the partly consolidated sand layer is not flat and has irregularity on topography when it buried by gravels. Main part of this out crop is the poorly sorted coarse gravel(22.4mm) with sand matrix($1.36{\phi}$) layer with at least 2m thick covering the relatively fine gravels discussed above. Over 20% of particles have 'very platy', 'very elongated' and 'very bladed' shape and only less than 5% of particles have 'compact' shape, So this particles are also very hard to be regard as marine gravels which are abraded by marine processes. It can be concluded that this gravel layer formed by fluvial processes rather than coastal processes base on the form of the clast and sedimentary structure. The gravel layer is covered by fine($3{\sim}4{\phi}$) material layers of psudo-gleization which showing inter-bedding of red and white layers. Chemical composition of matrix and other fine materials should be analyzed in further studies. It is attempted to fine the burial ages of the sediment using OSL method, but failed by the saturation. So it can be assumed that these sediments have be buried over 120ka.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 1985

A decade ago a survey on the population-base incidence rate of anthracite coal gas (mainly carbon monoxide) poisonig in Seoul area was investigated, resulting in the incidence rate of 306/10,000 risk population and 1 death/10,000. Another survey on the carbon monoxide poisoning was investigated during 1 year period from Apr. 1983 to Mar. 1984. Total subjects of risk population were 67,740 households covering 353,287 persons. The major findings of this survey are as follows: 1. Household-base incidence rate was 8.4% spell-base 10.4%. 2. The incidence rate was the highest in houses having each of slate roof, cement wall, vinyl floor of bedroom and direct 'ondol' heating system. 3. Average 2.1 person was attacked from one incidence of the poisoning; severity-wise person-base incidence rates per 10,000 were 352 in mild poisoning, 54 in severe poisoning and 1.4 in death-overall incidence rate 407. Several facts were identified which supported that this figure was moderately underestimated. As the incidence of the poisoning is affected by socioeconomic and environmental factors, it is natural that one expects the incidence will decrease in proportion to genernal improvement of the above factors. Thus the results of these two surveys seemed preposterous. But further study suggested that the incidence rate (306/10,000) decade before had been significantly underestimated and corrected-rate should have been 478/10,000 level. 4. Age and sex distribution by the degree of the poisoning was uniform with little statistical difference; overall incidence rates by sex were 339/10,000 in male and 475/10,000 in female with significant statistical difference(p<.01). 5. 5.3% of the patients were treated at hospital or local clinic; 3.0% of the patients were hospitalized. Admission rate in comatose patient(severe poisoning) was 14.2%. In conclusion, carbon monoxide poisoning remains a major health problem by now.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.112-119
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• 2011

Purpose: Collagen membranes are used extensively as bioabsorbable barriers in guided bone regeneration. However, collagen has different effects on tissue restoration depending on the type, structure, degree of cross-linking and chemical treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory reaction, bone formation, and degradation of dehydrothermal treated porcine type I atelocollagen (CollaGuide$^{(R)}$) compared to of the non-crosslinked porcine type I, III collagen (BioGide$^{(R)}$) and the glutaldehyde cross-linked bovine type I collagen (BioMend$^{(R)}$) in surgically created bone defects in rat mandible. Methods: Bone defect model was based upon 3 mm sized full-thickness transcortical bone defects in the mandibular ramus of Sprague-Dawley rats. The defects were covered bucolingually with CollaGuide$^{(R)}$, BioMend$^{(R)}$, or BioGide$^{(R)}$ (n=12). For control, the defects were not covered by any membrane. Lymphocyte, multinucleated giant cell infiltration, bone formation over the defect area and membrane absorption were evaluated at 4 weeks postimplantation. For comparison of the membrane effect over the bone augmentation, rats received a bone graft plus different covering of membrane. A $3{\times}4$ mm sized block graft was harvested from the mandibular angle and was laid and stabilized with a microscrew on the naturally existing curvature of mandibular inferior border. After 10 weeks postimplantation, same histologic analysis were done. Results: In the defect model at 4 weeks post-implantation, the amount of new bone formed in defects was similar for all types of membrane. Bio-Gide$^{(R)}$ membranes induced significantly greater inflammatory response and membrane resorption than other two membranes; characterized by lymphocytes and multinucleated giant cells. At 10 weeks postoperatively, all membranes were completely resorbed. Conclusion: Dehydrotheramal treated cross-linked collagen was safe and effective in guiding bone regeneration in alveolar ridge defects and bone augmentation in rats, similar to BioGide$^{(R)}$ and BioMend$^{(R)}$, thus, could be clinically useful.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.44-86
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• 2009

The major purposes of this study were 1) to present a desirable guideline for writers who would develop the new Introduction-to-Industry textbook through the comparative analysis of 4 different kinds of current Introduction-to-Industry textbooks, 2) to help educators, who make national college entrance exam in the vocational inquiry area, make good exam items with the results of the study, and 3) to offer effective methods of teaching and learning in the field of industrial education with them. Research method used in this study was mainly literature review with the scrutinization of the literature related to the Introduction-to-Industry textbooks. Results of this study showed that all textbooks compared do mostly comply with the national writer's specific guidelines for the Introduction-to-Industry textbooks. However there were varieties for the all textbooks in a sense of deployment balance for the contents of the textbook chapters. There were also considerable differences for the deployment of supplementary materials, evaluative materials, visual materials and etc. according to the characteristics of each textbook. The degree of the connectivity between the textbooks and the national college entrance exam in the area of the vocational inquiry was similar for the each textbook. However, it was not good enough for the students to study one textbook for the preparation of the exam in the vocational inquiry area because the problems in the exam were set in the range of covering the all different kinds of textbooks by the examiners.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 1998

In the search for broadband damping composites, it is desirable to have polymers with a broad and high loss region, covering the entire temperature and frequency range of interest. Interpenetrating polymer networks, IPN's, are materials composed of two or more crosslinked polymers intimately and irrevocably interwinded. The resulting distribution of microenviron-ments can result in a materials with a high mechanical loss broad end over that of either polymer component alone. In this study, several series of copolymer, crosslinked copolymer and copolymer/copolymer IPN's were synthesized for possible use as broadband damping materials. Then their dynamic tensile properties were measured and compared with the damping properties of sandwich composites. Dynamic mechanical analysis showed that the temperature of loss peak may be varied over a wide temperature range with formulation. The compatibility of IPN`s was depended on the compatibility of A and B polymers as well as crosslink density. The damping factor(tan ${\delta}_c$) of composites became greater when a polymer of approximate storage module(E`) range of 5X10$^7$ to 10$^9$ dyne/cm$^2$ and large tan ${\delta}$ at the same time was used. The damping properities of poly (2-EHA80-co-St20)/poly(2-EHA20-co-St80) IPN`s crosslinked with 3%-DEGDM were relatively better over a broad temperature range.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.85 no.2
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• pp.195-209
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to suggest objective basic data for the national park development through the quantitative analysis of the visual quality included in the physical environment of the Dukyu National Park. For this, spatial images structure of physical elements have been analyzed by factor analysis algorithm and degree of visual quality have been measured mainly by questionnaires. Result of this thesis can be summarized as follows. Factors covering the spatial image of the Dukyu National Park landscape have been found to be the overall synthetic evaluation spatial, appeal, natural quality and physical factors such as the overall the synthetic evaluation, spatial and appear yield high factor scores. Thus, these factors can be considered to represent the site spatial image of Dukyu Korean-National Park. By using the control method for the number of factors, Total variance explained by the factors has been obtained as 45.46% and 45.45%. Principal variables of main factors explained above may be the scaling containing the functional criteria of quantitative approach for landscape management of national park development. According to difference of special image from each place, for these variables that decided the visual quality can be differed, and even the same place due to landscape control point change the visual quality can be affected affirmately or negatively, according to recognized by the landscape control point.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.557-566
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• 1993

For the purpose of examining the distribution of organic matter in the nearshore surface sediments of Korea, organic carbon, nitrogen, ignition loss, chemical oxygen demand, phaeopigment and total sulphide for 117 surface sediments were measured and analyzed in February, 1993. Organic carbon and nitrogen contents ranged from $0.03\%\;to\;5.41\%$ (average $1.08\%$) and from $0.01\%\;to\;0.44\%$ (average $0.18\%$), respectively. The highest contents with the average $2.18\%$ organic carbon and $0.23\%$ nitrogen were found in the eastern part of the southern coast, while the lowest contents with the average $0.17\%$ organic carbon and $0.03\%$ nitrogen in Kunsan coastal area covering from Kum river to Dongjin river. The principal component analysis using all measured data distinguished the western coast from the eastern part of the southern coast clearly according to organic matter contents, that is, the degree of eutrophication in the sediments. Pusan harbor and the mouth of Masan Bay had high C/N ratio that might be resulted from the input of terrestrial sewage and industrial wastewater. A high concentration of total sulphide distinguished the surface sediment of Masan Bay from that of other areas.