• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.108-118
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• 2019

This paper proposes a DC-link voltage balance controller using the fourth-phase of a three-level neutral-point clamped (NPC) PWM converter with medium vector selection (MVS) PWM for common-mode voltage reduction. MVS PWM makes the voltage reference by synthesizing the voltage vectors that cannot generate common-mode voltage. This PWM method is effective for reducing the EMI noise emitted from converter systems. However, the DC-link voltage imbalance problem is caused by the use of limited voltage vectors. Therefore, in this paper, the effect of MVS PWM on the DC-link voltage of a three-level NPC converter is analyzed. Then a proportional-derivative (PD) controller for the DC-link voltage balance is designed from the DC-link modeling. In addition, feedforward compensation of the neutral point current is included in the proposed PD controller. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is verified by experimental results.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제5B권4호
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• pp.366-373
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• 2005

This paper presents two new circuit topologies of the dc busline side active resonant snubber assisted voltage source high frequency link soft switching PWM full-bridge dc-dc power converters acceptable for either utility ac 200V-rms or ac 400V-rms input grid. These high frequency switching dc-dc converters proposed in this paper are composed of a typical voltage source-fed full-bridge PWM inverter, high frequency transformer with center tap, high frequency diode rectifier with inductor input filter and dc busline side series switches with the aid of a dc busline parallel capacitive lossless snubber. All the active switches in the full-bridge arms as well as dc busline snubber can achieve ZCS turn-on and ZVS turn-off transition commutation with the aid of a transformer leakage inductive component and consequently the total switching power losses can be effectively reduced. So that, a high switching frequency operation of IGBTs in the voltage source full bridge inverter can be actually designed more than about 20 kHz. It is confirmed that the more the switching frequency of full-bridge soft switching inverter increases, the more soft switching PWM dc-dc converter with a high frequency transformer link has remarkable advantages for its power conversion efficiency and power density implementations as compared with the conventional hard switching PWM inverter type dc-dc power converter. The effectiveness of these new dc-dc power converter topologies can be proved to be more suitable for low voltage and large current dc-dc power supply as arc welding equipment from a practical point of view.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
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• pp.108-111
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• 2007

A novel voltage sag compensator with hi-directional DC/DC converter of Electric double layer capacitor is proposed. Recently, the double-layer capacitor which is drawn attention as a new energy storage element has a lot of advantage such as no maintenance, long lifetime and quick charge/discharge characteristics with large current. This DC/DC converter is used to control the charging current to the double-layer capacitor and also used to keep the DC link voltage constant for discharge of the double-layer capacitor. Therefore, the proposed DC/DC converter has the high-efficiency controller, dynamic compensator of voltage sag is driven by this converter. Finally, experimental results show the validity of the control scheme and the ability of the dynamic voltage compensator.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.94-100
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• 2018

Generally, in a single-phase energy storage system (ESS) for households, AC ripple component with twice the fundamental frequency exists inevitably in the DC link voltage of single-phase PCS. In the grid-connected mode of a single-phase inverter, the AC ripple component in the DC link voltage causes low-order harmonics on grid-side current that deteriorates power quality on an AC grid. In this work, a control system adopting a feedforward controller is established to eliminate the AC ripple interference on the DC link side. Optimal battery nominal voltage design method is also proposed by considering the voltage loss and AC ripple voltage on DC link side in a single-phase ESS. Finally, the control system and battery nominal voltage design method are verified through simulations and experiments.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2010

본 논문은 입력단 전압과 출력단 부하전압의 상대적 크기에 따라 동작모드가 다르게 구성되며, 열전에너지 수확이 가능한 새로운 공진형 DC/DC 컨버터의 동작 특성을 해석한다. 공진형 DC/DC 컨버터는, 직류 입력전원에 연결 되는 LC 공진회로와, 공진회로의 캐패시터 전압이 최대일 때 부하측으로 에너지를 전달하는 펄스형 공진 컨버터로 구성되어있다. 입력단 LC 공진회로의 캐패시터는 전압의 최대값이 입력전압의 최대값의 2배가 되는 Voltage Doubler의 특성을 갖는다. 제안한 컨버터는 공진 캐패시터 전압의 최대값과 부하전압의 상대적 크기에 따라서 승압형 연결, 혼합형 연결, 직접연결의 3가지 동작특성을 가진다. 승압형 연결은 공진 캐패시터 전압의 최대값이 부하전압보다 작은 경우이다. 혼합형 연결은 공진 캐패시터 전압의 최대값이 부하전압보다 큰 경우이며, 스위칭 주기에 직접연결과 승압형 연결이 연속하여 나타난다. 직접연결은 입력단 전압의 크기가 부하전압보다 큰 경우이며, 입력단 에너지가 부하측으로 컨버터의 스위칭 동작 없이 직접 전달된다. 공진형 DC/DC 컨버터 회로의 동작원리를 설명하고, PSPICE 시뮬레이션 및 실험을 통하여 검증하였으며, 열전에너지 수확분야에 활용 가능성을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.529-538
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• 2015

Due to the high efficiency and compact mechanical structure, direct drive variable speed generators are used for power conversion in wind turbines. The wind energy conversion system (WECS) considered in this paper consists of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), uncontrolled rectifier, dc-dc boost converter controlled with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and adaptive hysteresis controlled voltage source inverter (VSI). For high utilization of the converter's power capability and stabilizing voltage and power flow, constant DC-link voltage is essential. Step and search MPPT algorithm which senses the rectified voltage ($V_{DC}$) alone and controls the same is used to effectively maximize the output power. The adaptive hysteresis band current control is characterized by fast dynamic response and constant switching frequency. With MPPT and adaptive hysteresis band current control in VSI, the DC link voltage is maintained constant under variable wind speeds and transient grid currents respectively.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제66권5호
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• pp.750-756
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• 2017

This paper presents a method for DC voltage control of HVDC system connection of offshore wind farms. In the event of fault in AC grid, HVDC system need to meet LVRT regulations. When HVDC system meet LVRT regulation, unbalance is caused between power input and power output for DC link. Therefore, LVRT regulation lead to DC voltage increase of HVDC system. To control the DC voltage increase, the chopper resistor can be suggested. In this paper, DC voltage suppression is proposed using chopper resistor and de-loading. The effectiveness of the chopper resistor was verified using PSCAD/EMTDC.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.564-571
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• 2001

본 논문은 휴대용 기기를 위한 고효율의 저전압용 DC/DC 컨버터의 고집적회로에 관한 연구이다. 컨버터의 모든 능동 소자들은 0.65$\mu\textrm{m}$표준 CMOS 공정을 사용하여 단일 칩으로 구현하였다 수종 소자들의 크기를 줄이기 위해서 1MHz의 주파수에서 동작하며 높은 주파수에서 의스위칭 손실을 최소화하기 위하여 ZVS 방식으로 설계하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 출력 전압이 2V일때 1W의 출력을 가지며 full 부하에서 95%의 효율을 보였다.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2003년도 춘계전력전자학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.317-322
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• 2003

A novel three-level DC/DC converter (TLC)for high power applications operating from high input voltage Is proposed. Its switch voltage stress can be ensured to be only one-half of the Input voltage. Nevertheless, since all input voltage is applied to the transformer primary side, it has good turns ratio. The driving method of each module is same as those of the conventional phase-shifted ZVS full bridge PWM converter (PSFB) and the zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) of the leading leg are achieved exactly in the same manner as that of the PSFB. Moreover, its three-level operation can considerably reduce the current ripple through the output inductor and it has no problems of the DC-link voltage unbalance. Therefore, it features a low voltage stress, high efficiency, low EMI, high power density, and small sized filter. To confirm the operation, validity, and features of the proposed circuit, experimental results from a 200W, 600V/DC-48V/DC prototype are presented.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.231-237
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• 2016

Recently, the interest in DC systems to achieve more efficient connection with renewable energy sources, energy storage systems, and DC loads has been growing extensively. DC systems are more advantageous than AC systems because of their low conversion losses. However, the DC-link voltage is variable during operation because of different random effects. This study focuses on DC voltage stabilization applied in stand-alone DC microgrids by means of voltage ranges, power management, and coordination scheme. The quality and stability of the entire system are improved by keeping the voltage within acceptable limits. In terms of optimized control, the maximum power should be tracked from renewable resources during different operating modes of the system. The ESS and VSDG cover the power shortage after all available renewable energy is consumed. Keeping the state of charge of the ESS within the allowed bands is the key role of the control system. Load shedding or power generation curtailment should automatically occur if the maximum tolerable voltage variation is exceeded. PSIM-based simulation results are presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed control measures.