• Title/Summary/Keyword: Crops Information

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Design Case on Data Collection System for the GreenHouse Horticultural Crops Growth Forecasting Model (시설 원예작물 생장예측모델을 위한 데이터 수집 시스템 설계사례)

  • Ahn, Sung-Chul;Kim, Hee-Sung;Kwon, Hye-Eun
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2012.11a
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    • pp.1212-1214
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    • 2012
  • 생장예측모델이란 작물의 생장 시스템 내에서 일어나는 기작이나 생산과정을 수식으로 묘사하는 것이다. 신뢰성 있는 생장예측모델을 만들기 위해서는 생장과 관련된 대량의 데이터가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 IT와 농업을 융합한 시설 원예작물 생장예측모델을 위한 생장 및 생장환경 데이터 수집 시스템 설계사례를 소개하고자 한다.

Perspectives on the genomics research of important crops in the tribe Andropogoneae: Focusing on the Saccharum complex

  • Choi, Sang Chul;Chung, Yong Suk;Kim, Changsoo
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.43 no.1
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    • pp.1-13
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    • 2016
  • Climate changes are shifting the perception of C4 photosynthetic crops due to their superior adaptability to harsh conditions. The tribe Andropogoneae includes some economically important grasses, such as Zea mays, Sorghum bicolor, Miscanthus spp., and Saccharum spp., representing C4 photosynthetic grasses. Although the Andropogoneae grasses diverged fairly recently, their genomic structures are remarkably different from each other. As previously reported, the family Poaceae shares the pan-cereal duplication event occurring ca. 65 MYA. Since this event, Sorghum bicolor has never experienced any additional duplication event. However, some lineage-specific duplication events were reported in Z. mays and Saccharum spp., and, more recently, it was revealed that a shared allotetraploidization event occurred before the divergence between Miscanthus and Saccharum (but after the divergence from S. bicolor), which provided important clues to those two species having large genome sizes with complicated ploidy numbers. The complex genomic structures of sugarcane and Miscanthus (defined as the Saccharum complex along with some other taxa) have had a limiting effect on the use of their molecular information in breeding programs. For the last decade, genomics-associated technologies have become an important tool for molecular crop breeding (genomics-assisted breeding, GAB), but it has not been directly applied to sugarcane and Miscanthus due to their complicated genome structures. As genomics research advances, molecular breeding of those crops can take advantage of technical improvements at a reasonable cost through comparative genomic approaches. Active genomic research of non-model species using closely related model species will facilitate the improvement of those crops in the future.

A Study on Marketing Structure and Efficiency of Major Cash Crops - With Special Reference to Red Peppers and Garlics - (경제작물(經濟作物)의 유통구조(流通構造) 및 능률(能率)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) - 고추, 마늘을 중심(中心)으로 -)

  • Kim, Sang Gee
    • Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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    • v.1
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    • pp.215-238
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    • 1983
  • The study was conducted to indentify systematically current marketing structure and markeiing efficiency of major cash crops such as red peppers and garlics. That various data and information have been used to analyze the problems related, some of them have come from secondary sources, but major parts of real circum stances were primarily obtained from the scheduled field survey. Some of valuable facts and consequences stemmed from the research can be summarized as fellows: First of all, the commercial rates of peppers and garlics produced by sample farms were 87.5 percent and 69 percent, respectively. On the other hand, annual handling volumes per marketing firm of those two crops were on the average estimated into 51,000 kyun(about 600gr) for peppers and 20,000 hundred bulbs of garlic. As seen physical losses over the entire marketing channels of each crop, it was approximately calculated in 14.7 percent of peppers and 21.1 percent of garlic, respectively. Secondarily, it was found that marketing chanells of these crops are very diversified and complex. However, the five-staged chanell is typical: i.e., from producers to local consigners, to local carry-out merchants, to consigner-wholesales, and finally to retailers. Thirdly, it was also estimated that gross marketing margin, marketing cost and profit based on average grade of peppers were 56.1 percent, 22.6 and 33.5 percent, respectively, having 43.8 percent of farmer's share, and those of garlic 38.9, 17.1, 21.8 and 61.1 percent, separately. To the end, it seems that current collective bargaining power of farmers' cooperatives is virtually weak compared to free individual marketing firms in terms of bssiness volumes and quantity handled over the year.

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Evaluation of Heavy Metal Sources and Its Transfer and Accumulation to Crop in Agricultural Soils (농경지 토양의 중금속 오염원 및 농작물로의 중금속 전이·축적 평가)

  • Lim, Ga-Hee;Jo, Hun-Je;Park, Gyoung-Hun;Yun, Sung-Mi;Kim, Ji-In;Noh, Hoe-Jung;Kim, Hyun-Koo;Yoon, Jeong-Ki
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.27-42
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    • 2018
  • It is important to identify the contaminant sources and to evaluate the fate and transport of heavy metals to crops in agricultural lands. This study was conducted to evaluate metal sources and its transfer and accumulation to crop in agricultural soils. Pollution indices were calculated and multivariate analysis was performed to identify metal sources. To evaluate transfer and accumulation of metals to crops, the contents of phytoavailable metals were evaluated by using single extraction method and the correlation between metal content and soil properties was analyzed. Also the BCF was quantitatively evaluated for investigating the metal transition to each crop grown in the research area. As a result, Cr, Ni, and Co were expected to be mainly derived from geologic factors due to weathering of certain parent rocks. The content of nickel in soils of the research area was slightly higher than that of the concern level criteria based on total concentration, but the amount transferred and accumulated in the crops was actually low. Understanding the contamination characteristics by investigating the pollution sources of heavy metals and its transfer and accumulation to crops through various evaluation techniques could provide important information for proper management of the agricultural land.

Excessive soil water stress responses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and perilla (Perilla frutescens L.) cultivated from paddy fields with different topographic features

  • Ryu, Jongsoo;Baek, Inyeoul;Kwak, Kangsu;Han, Wonyoung;Bae, Jinwoo;Park, Jinki;Chun, Hyen Chung
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.45 no.4
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    • pp.749-760
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    • 2018
  • In Korea, the largest agricultural lands are paddy fields which have poor infiltration and drainage properties. Recently, the Korean government has pursued cultivating upland crops in paddy fields to reduce overproduced rice in Korea. For this policy to succeed, it is critical to understand the topographic information of paddy fields and its effects on upland crops cultivated in the soils of paddy fields. The objective of this study was to characterize the growth properties of sesame and perilla from paddy fields with three soil topographic features and soil water effects which were induced by the topographic features of the sesame and perilla. The crops were planted in paddy fields located in Miryang, Gyeongnam with different topographies: mountain foot slope, local valley and alluvial plain. Soil water contents and groundwater levels were measured every hour during the growing season. The paddy field of the mountain foot slope was significantly effective in alleviating wet injury for the sesame and perilla in the paddy fields. The paddy field of the mountain foot slope had a decreased average soil water content and groundwater level during cultivation. Stress day index (SDI) from the alluvial plain paddy field had the greatest values from both crops and the smallest from the ones from the paddy field of the mountain foot slope. This result means that sesame and perilla had the smallest stress from the soil water content of the paddy field on the mountain foot slope and the greatest stress from the soil water content of the alluvial plain. It is important to consider the topography of paddy fields to reduce wet injury and to increase crop yields.

Selection of agricultural income crops cultivation suit-land using GIS (지리정보시스템을 이용한 농촌소득작목재배적지선정)

  • 허문희;피의섭;이도한;이석현
    • Spatial Information Research
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.75-83
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    • 1994
  • Many application using GIS has been carried out by governments and public office, and Cungbuk province has produced very effective results on agricultural income crops cultivation suit-land, since executed local autonomy system imported GIS for cope with variation of local administration environment, science of administration. The result on the selection of agricultural cultivation suit-land, in fact, offered us very useful information of the policy establishment concern with agriculture. In this study, we had analysed suit elements of cultivation : soil texture, soil drain, soil slope, soil depth and pH. ARC/INFO and ERDAS systems were used for this study.

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Smart Outdoor Cultivation System using LoRa (LoRa를 이용한 노지 작물 관리 시스템)

  • Youm, Sungkwan;Han, Seyoung;Lee, Heekwon;Shin, Kwang-Seong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2021.05a
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    • pp.265-266
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    • 2021
  • In this paper, we show the case of establishing a outdoor production system using the Internet of things and define the environmental variables in the outdoor production system. By measuring soil temperature, water content, electrical conductivity and acidity through sensors, LoRa communication module transmits the information to the outdoor production system. The outdoor production system controls the amount of fertilizer and the volume of water based on this sensor data. We have developed a system that manages a wide range of crops using LoRa technology, which is a suitable communication method for cultivating crops, and manages production volume and sales performance.

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Current status of comparative compositional analysis for GM crop biosafety assessment (유전자변형작물 안전성평가를 위한 영양성분 비교연구 동향)

  • Kim, Eun-Ha;Oh, Seon-Woo;Lee, Sang-Gu;Lee, Sung-Kon;Ryu, Tae-Hun
    • Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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    • v.47 no.4
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    • pp.261-272
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    • 2020
  • Approvals for cultivation and import of genetically modified (GM) crops have dramatically increased around the world. Comparative compositional studies are an important aspect of safety assessments of products from GM crops and are based on substantial equivalence. Compositional analyses focus on determining similarities and differences between the compositions of the GM crops and their conventional counterparts, and thereby assessing the compositional equivalence of GM crops and their conventional comparators. The analytes, such as major constituents, key nutrients, and antinutrients, are generally determined on a crop-specific basis according to the OECD consensus document. The use of standard methods throughout the processes, such as selection of comparators, field trials, analytical methods, and statistical data analysis, is crucial. In this study, we showed the general framework of compositional studies. Literature for compositional studies of GM crops conducted abroad and in Korea was reviewed to obtain information about analytes, conventional counterparts, cultivation year, location, and statistical methods. The studies conducted abroad assessed for commercial release of GM crops such as soybean, maize, and cotton, while domestic studies were mainly performed for research in rice. In addition, we suggested a guidance for conventional comparators and field trials applicable to the domestic situation.

A Study on the AI Analysis of Crop Area Data in Aquaponics (아쿠아포닉스 환경에서의 작물 면적 데이터 AI 분석 연구)

  • Eun-Young Choi;Hyoun-Sup Lee;Joo Hyoung Cha;Lim-Gun Lee
    • The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.861-866
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    • 2023
  • Unlike conventional smart farms that require chemical fertilizers and large spaces, aquaponics farming, which utilizes the symbiotic relationship between aquatic organisms and crops to grow crops even in abnormal environments such as environmental pollution and climate change, is being actively researched. Different crops require different environments and nutrients for growth, so it is necessary to configure the ratio of aquatic organisms optimized for crop growth. This study proposes a method to measure the degree of growth based on area and volume using image processing techniques in an aquaponics environment. Tilapia, carp, catfish, and lettuce crops, which are aquatic organisms that produce organic matter through excrement, were tested in an aquaponics environment. Through 2D and 3D image analysis of lettuce and real-time data analysis, the growth degree was evaluated using the area and volume information of lettuce. The results of the experiment proved that it is possible to manage cultivation by utilizing the area and volume information of lettuce. It is expected that it will be possible to provide production prediction services to farmers by utilizing aquatic life and growth information. It will also be a starting point for solving problems in the changing agricultural environment.

A study on the improvement of distribution system by overseas agricultural investment (해외농업투자에 따른 유통체계 개선방안에 관한 연구)

  • Sun, Il-Suck;Lee, Dong-Ok
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.8 no.3
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    • pp.17-26
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    • 2010
  • Recently concerns have been raised due to the unbalanced supply of crops: the price of crops has been unstable and at one point the price went up so high that the word Agflation(agriculture+ inflation) was coined. Korea, in particular, is a small-sized country and needs to secure the stable supply of crops by investing in the produce importation at a national level. Investment in foreign produce importation is becoming more important as a measure for sufficient supply of crops, limited supply of domestic crops, weakened farming conditions worldwide, as well as recent changes in the use of crops due to the development of bio-fuels, influence of carbon emission on crops, the price increase in crops, and influx of foreign hot money. However, there are many problems with investing in foreign produce importation: lack of support from the government; lack of farming information and technology; difficulty in securing the capital; no immediate pay-off from the investment and insufficient management. Although foreign produce is originally more price-competitive than domestic produce, it loses its competiveness in the process of importation (due to high tariffs) and poor distribution system, which makes it difficult to sell in Korea. Therefore, investment in foreign produce importation is being questioned for feasibility; to make it possible, foreign produce must maintain the price-competitiveness. Especially, harvest of agricultural products depends on natural and geographical conditions of each country and those products have indigenous properties, so distribution system according to import and export of agricultural products should be treated more carefully than that of other industries. Distribution costs are differentiated into each item and include cost of sorting and wrapping, cost of wrapping materials, cost of domestic transport, cost of international transport and cost of clearing customs for import and export. So transporting and storing agricultural products generates considerable costs compared with other products. Also, due to upgrade of dietary life, needs for stability, taste and visible quality toward food including agricultural products are being raised and wrong way of storage causes decomposition of food and loss of freshness, making the storage more difficult than that in room temperature, so storage and transport in distribution of agricultural products needs specialty. In addition, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. However, existing distribution system of agricultural products is exposed to various problems including problems in distribution channel, making distribution and strategy for distribution and those problems are as follows. First, in case of investment in overseas agricultural industry, stable supply of the products is difficult because areas of production are dispersed widely and influenced by outer factors due to including overseas distribution channels. Also, at the aspect of quality, standardization of products is difficult, distribution system is quite complicated and unreasonable due to long distribution channels according to international trade and financial and institutional support is not enough. Especially, there are quite a lot of ineffective factors including multi level distribution process, dramatic gap between production cost and customer's cost, lack of physical distribution facilities and difficulties in storage and transport due to lack of wrapping containers. Besides, because import and export of agricultural products has been manages under the company's own distribution according to transaction contract between manufacturers and exporting company, efficiency is low due to excessive investment in fixed costs and lack of specialty in dealing with agricultural products causes fall of value of products, showing the limit to lose price-competitiveness. Especially, because lack of specialty in distribution and circulation such as storage and wrapping does not solve limit factors in distance, the distribution and circulation has been limited to a form of import and export within short-distant region. Therefore, need for distribution out-sourcing which can satisfy specialty in managing distribution and circulation and it is needed to establish more effective distribution system. Second, among tangible and intangible services which promote the efficiency of the whole distribution, a function building distribution environment which includes distribution information, system for standard and inspection, distribution finance, system for diversification of risks, education and training, distribution administration and tax system is wanted. In general, such a function building distribution environment is difficult to be changed and supplement innovatively because its effect compared with investment does not appear immediately despite of its necessity. Especially, in case of distribution of agricultural products, as a function of collecting and distributing is performed individually through various channels, the importance of distribution information and standardization is getting more focus due to the problem of repetition of work and lack of specialty. Also, efficient management of distribution is quite difficult due to lack of professionals in distribution, so support to professional education is needed. Third, though effort to keep self-sufficiency ratio of staple food, rice is regarded as important at the government level, level of dependency on overseas of others crops is high. Therefore, plan for stable securing food resources aside from staple food is also necessary. Especially, governmental organizations of agricultural products distribution in Korea are production-centered and have unreasonable structure whose function at the aspect of distribution and consumption is quite insufficient. And development of new distribution channels which can deal with changes in distribution environment and they do not achieve actual results of strategy for distribution due to non-positive strategy for price distribution. That is, it implies the possibility that base for supply will become vulnerable because it does not mediate appropriate interests on total distribution channels such as manufacturers, wholesale dealers and vendors by emphasizing consumer protection excessively in the distribution of agricultural products. Therefore, this study examined fundamental concept and actual situation for our investment to overseas agriculture, drew necessities, considerations, problems, etc. of overseas agricultural investment and suggested improvements at the level of distribution for price competitiveness of agricultural products cultivated in overseas under five aspects; government's indirect support, distribution's modernization and distribution information function's strengthening, government's political support for distribution facility, transportation route, load and unloading works' improvement, price competitiveness' securing, professional manpower's cultivation by education and training, etc. Here are some suggestions for foreign produce importation. First, the government should conduct a survey on the current distribution channels and analyze the situation to establish a measure for long-term development plans. By providing each agricultural area with a guideline for planning appropriate production of crops, the government can help farmers be ready for importation, and prevent them from producing same crops all at the same time. Government can sign an MOU with the foreign government and promote the importation so that the development of agricultural resources can be stable and steady. Second, the government can establish a strategy for an effective distribution system by providing farmers and agriculture-related workers with the distribution information such as price, production, demand, market structure and location, feature of each crop, and etc. In order for such distribution system to become feasible, the government needs to reconstruct the current distribution system, designate a public organization for providing distribution information and set the criteria for level of produce quality, trade units, and package units. Third, the government should provide financial support and a policy to seek an efficient distribution channel for foreign produce to be delivered fresh: the government should expand distribution facilities (for selecting, packaging, storing, and processing) and transportation vehicles while modernizing old facilities. There should be another policy to improve the efficiency of unloading, and to lower the cost of distribution. Fourth, it is necessary to enact a new law covering exceptional cases for importing produce in order to maintain the price competitiveness; currently the high tariffs is keeping the imported produce from being distributed domestically. However, the new adjustment should be made carefully within the WTO regulations since it can create a problem from giving preferential tariffs. The government can also simplify the distribution channels in order to reduce the cost in the distribution process. Fifth, the government should educate distributors to raise the efficiency and to modernize the distribution system. It is necessary to develop human resources by educating people regarding the foreign agricultural environment, the produce quality, management skills, and by introducing some successful cases in advanced countries.

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