• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-14
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• 2002

We analyzed hydrologic time-series data obtained from a fractured aquifer in Wonju and a porous shallow aquifer in Uiwang area. Auto-correlation, spectral density, and cross-correlation functions were used for the analyses. Water level at a shallow well in Wonju was weakly auto-correlated and it was sensitive to direct infiltration from rainfall through soil zone while that at a well screened in the fractured zone showed a relative stability to an outer stress (rainfall), which was derived from a delayed transmission of recharge stress through a fracture network from a remote area. Characteristics of time-series data in Uiwang area were similar to those in the fractured zone in Wonju. This was caused by a regional recharge from a distant area rather than a direct infiltration. This study demonstrated a usefulness of time series analyses for identification of recharge mechanism.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality and phytoplankton community in Bukhan River which account for 44.4 % of the total inflow into Lake Paldang, using multivariate statistical techniques (i.e., correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA)/factor analysis (FA)). Water samples were collected from March to November 2015 and the following parameters measured; water temperature, pH, DO, EC, SS, BOD, Chl-a, COD, TN, $NO_3-N$, $NH_3-N$, TP, DTP, $PO_4-P$, and phytoplankton community. The water quality of the main stream and the tributaries were not significantly different apart from the relatively high concentration of BOD, COD and nutrients recorded in MH. The highest cell density of Stephanodiscus hantzschii and Merismopedia glauca dominated phytoplankton was observed in PD. Based on the correlation analysis, total phytoplankton and cyanophyceae were highly correlated with BOD, COD and nutrients. PCA/FA resulted in four main factors accounting for 82.240 % of the total variance in the water quality dataset. The group of component 1 (TN, DTN, DO, $NO_3-N$, water temperature) and component 2 ($PO_4-P$, T-P, DTP, SS) were classified as nutrient element factor whereas component 3 (Chl-a, COD, BOD, $NH_3-N$, pH) was related to organic substances. Hence, the identification of the main potential environmental pollution factors in Bukhan River will help policy makers make better and more informed decisions on how to improve the water quality.

• Journal of the Korean society of biological therapies in psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.194-201
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• 2018

Objectives : Some studies have reported that chronotypes, among several factors, could contribute to problematic drinking. However, there is little evidence confirming this relationship between chronotype and problematic drinking based on gender differences in mood disorder. This study is to investigate the difference of the relationship between chronotype and problematic drinking according to gender differences in mood disorder. Methods : Two hundred fifteen patients with mood disorder were recruited. Problematic drinking and chronotypes were assessed by the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test in Korea(AUDIT) and the Korean translation of composite scale of morningness(KtCS). We analyzed the correlation between KtCS and AUDIT using Pearson's correlation, and compared AUDIT scores according to chronotypes classified by KtCS between male and female patients using analysis of variance(ANOVA). Results : There was no significant difference in AUDIT scores between the male and female patients(t=0.91, p=0.183). In female patients, eveningness had significantly higher AUDIT scores than other chronotypes(F=0.199, p=0.033). Meanwhile, in male patients, there was no significant difference in AUDIT score among chronotypes(F=0.008, p=0.933). Conclusion : This study suggests that eveningness might be associated with problematic drinking in female patients who suffer from mood disorder. It also suggests that chronotherapeutical treatment might be able to help improve the course in female patients with mood disorder. In the future, a large-scale prospective study is needed to confirm these results.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2023

Background: The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) model, created by the World Health Organization, provides a theoretical framework that can be applied in the diagnosis and treatment of various disorders. Objects: Our research purposed to ascertain the relationship between structure/function, activity, and participation domain variables of the ICF and pain, pain-associated disability, activities of daily living (ADL), and quality of life in patients with chronic low back pain (LBP). Methods: Two-hundred patients with chronic LBP (mean age: 35.5 ± 8.8 years, females, n = 40) were recruited from hospital and community settings. We evaluated the body structure/function domain variable using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Roland-Morris disability (RMD) questionnaire. To evaluate the activity domain variable, we used the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) and Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale (QBDS). For clinical outcome measures, we used Short-form 12 (SF-12). Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to ascertain the relationships among the variables (p < 0.05). All the participants with LBP received 30 minutes of conventional physical therapy 3 days/week for 4 weeks. Results: There were significant correlations between the body structure/function domain (NPRS and RMD questionnaire), activity domain (ODI and QBDS), and participation domain variables (SF-12), rending from pre-intervention (r = -0.723 to 0.783) and postintervention (r = -0.742 to 0.757, p < 0.05). Conclusion: The identification of a significant difference between these domain variables point to important relationships between pain, disability, performance of ADL, and quality in participants with LBP.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.271-277
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• 2024

Human dentition is unique to individuals and helps in identification of individuals in forensic odontology. This study proposes to study the manually ground sections of single rooted teeth using digital methods for dental age estimation. To assess the dentinal translucency from the scanned digital images of manually ground section of teeth using commercially available image edition software. Corroborating the root dentinal translucency length and region of interest (ROI) of translucency zone in pixels (as a marker of dental age) with the chronological age of the subject, as stratified by different age groups. Twenty single-rooted extracted teeth from 20 patients each from 6 groups divided as per age. Manual sectioning of the teeth followed by scanning the sections was done. Root area in pixels and ROI of translucency zone were measured. From the observed values, translucency length percentage (TLP) and percentage of ROI in pixels (TPP) was calculated and tabulated. Pearson's correlation coefficients were obtained for age with TLP and TPP. Positive correlation existed between age and TLP and also between age and TPP. With the obtained data, multilinear regression equations for specific age groups based on 10-year intervals were derived. By a step-down analysis method, age was estimated with an average error of around ±7.9 years. This study gives a novel method for age-estimation that can be applied in real-time forensic sciences.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.59-76
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• 2015

The study aimed to investigate elementary school gifted students' hypothesis-generating ability and characteristics of hypotheses and to analyze the correlation between hypothesis-generating ability and meta-cognition. Nineteen students enrolled in a science gifted education center affiliated with a university in 2013 were selected as research subjects. An instrument of open ended items about hypothesis generating was developed and administered to students, and their meta-cognition as well as their preferred science teaching method were examined. Hypotheses generated by students were classified into two categories: scientific and non-scientific hypotheses, and then a closer analysis was conducted on characteristics of non-scientific hypotheses. It was found that 47% (18 out of 38 hypotheses) was scientific ones showing that elementary school gifted students in science in this study presented low level of ability in generating hypothesis. It was also found that non-scientific hypotheses frequently showed characteristics of uncertain in causality or impossible to verify relationships. Furthermore, differences in hypothesis-generating ability and characteristics of hypotheses were appeared in conditions whether inquiry questions and variable identification process were given or not. Students showed high abilities in hypothesis generating and variable identifying when inquiry questions and variable identification process were given. Compared to previous research results, students in the study showed high level of meta-cognition and tendency of utilizing monitoring strategy more than planning and regulating. In ill-structured conditions that students themselves find inquiry questions and identify variables, a significant (p<.05) correlation appeared between hypothesis generating ability and meta-cognition and a high level of correlation between planning and regulating strategies. It was also found that differences existed in hypothesis-generating ability and preferred science teaching methods between students with high level and those with low level of meta-cognition; and students with low level of meta cognition showed difficulties in generating hypothesis and identifying variables.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.422-428
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• 2004

Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were generated from two 3'-directed CDNA libraries constructed from quiescent and activated rat hepatic stellate cell (HSC) to analyze the expression profiles of active genes in both cells. From quiescent and activated HSC, 694 ESTs and 779 ESTs, respectively, were obtained after excluding those having shorter than 30 bp. Amonq ESTs obtained from quiescent and activated HSC, 68 and 73 kinds of ESTs (186 clones and 236 clones), respectively, appeared more than once, implying that their genes are expressed highly in each cell type. 52 among 73 ESTs appeared only in the activated HSC 47 amonq 68 ESTs only in the normal HSC, and 21 in both cells. The genes of these 52 ESTs were assumed to be expressed more highly in the activated HSC. To confirm the high expression of genes of which the ESTs appeared more than twice in the activated HSC, northern hybridization was carried out with RNAs derived from rat normal and fibrotic liver using each of 18 EST DNAs as probe. 13 ESTs showed more intense bands with RNA isolated from the fibrotic liver than normal liver. From these results, we confirm the positive correlation between abundance of transcript in activated HSCs and the expression level in fibrotic liver, The expression profile of the transcripts serves as an important tool in understanding the biological properties of HSC.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.97-110
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• 2012

High performance sensors and modern data logging technology with real-time telemetry facilitate system fault diagnosis in a very precise manner. Fault detection, isolation and identification in fault diagnosis systems are typical steps to analyze the root cause of failures. This systematic failure analysis provides not only useful clues to rectify the abnormal behaviors of a system, but also key information to redesign the current system for retrofit. The main barriers to effective failure analysis are: (i) the gathered data (event) logs are too large in general, and further (ii) they usually contain noise and redundant data that make precise analysis difficult. This paper therefore applies suitable pre-processing techniques to data reduction and feature extraction, and then converts the reduced data log into a new format of event sequence information. Finally the event sequence information is decoded to investigate the correlation between specific event patterns and various system faults. The efficiency of the developed pre-filtering procedure is examined with a terminal box data log of a marine diesel engine.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of life satisfaction and identify factors influencing life satisfaction in Korean baby-boomer men with drinking problems. Methods: The study used cross-sectional design with secondary analysis of the 7th data of Korean Welfare Penal Study collected in 2012 from 6,000 Korean households. Among 1,572 baby-boomers born between 1955 and 1963, 349 men with a drinking problem were selected as a sample by the Alcohol Use Identification Test (AUDIT) scores. Levels of depression, self-esteem, and life satisfaction were measured. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression were conducted with SPSS/WIN 21.0. Results: The findings indicated that the mean AUDIT score was 13.7. Means were 2.8 for depression, 20.2 for self-esteem, and 23.2 for life satisfaction. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that self-esteem, depression, educational level, and levels of problem drinking significantly predicted life satisfaction, explaining 41.1% of the variance. Conclusion: Problem drinking, depression, and self-esteem were important to improve life satisfaction among Korean baby-boomer men. Further study is necessary to examine the mediating effects of depression and self-esteem in the relationship between problem drinking and life satisfaction.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.18-18
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• 1996

This paper reviews some of the most prominent and promising areas of chemical process control both in relations to batch and continuous processes. These areas include the modeling, optimization, control and monitoring of chemical processes and entire plants. Most of these areas explicitly utilize a model of the process. For this purpose the types of models used are examined in some detail. These types of models are categorized in knowledge-driven and datadriven classes. In the areas of modeling and optimization, attention is paid to batch reactors using the Tendency Modeling approach. These Tendency models consist of data- and knowledge-driven components and are often called Gray or Hybrid models. In the case of continuous processes, emphasis is placed in the closed-loop identification of a state space model and their use in Model Predictive Control nonlinear processes, such as the Fluidized Catalytic Cracking process. The effective monitoring of multivariate process is examined through the use of statistical charts obtained by the use of Principal Component Analysis (PMC). Static and dynamic charts account for the cross and auto-correlation of the substantial number of variables measured on-line. Centralized and de-centralized chart also aim in isolating the source of process disturbances so that they can be eliminated. Even though significant progress has been made during the last decade, the challenges for the next ten years are substantial. Present progress is strongly influenced by the economical benefits industry is deriving from the use of these advanced techniques. Future progress will be further catalyzed from the harmonious collaboration of University and Industrial researchers.