• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Communication Sciences Conference
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• 2004.07a
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• pp.248-248
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• 2004

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.288-293
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• 2017

In this study, we report the industrial application of an efficient technology for the recovery of gallic acid from Chinese nutgall processing wastewater. The recovery of gallic acid by industrial scale extraction and stripping devices was performed, with tributyl phosphate as the extractant and kerosene as the diluent. The results showed that the theoretical extraction stage was four, while the theoretical stripping stage was two. A closed-cycle system was studied for the continuous countercurrent extraction and stripping, with a five-stage extraction device and a three-stage reflux stripping device. The results showed that the multistage extraction-stripping system could steadily run for a long period, the average gallic acid level in the raffinate was $0.85g{\cdot}L^{-1}$, and the gallic acid content recovered in the strip liquor was higher than $120g{\cdot}L^{-1}$. The average extraction yield of gallic acid was 94.14%. When the strip liquor was used as raw material for production, the average production yield increased by 8.64%. In addition, after extraction, the $COD_{Cr}$ in the wastewater decreased by 38.19%, and the biodegradability of wastewater improved by 1.6 times. This study provided a new impetus for the sustainable development of the Chinese nutgall processing industry.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.73-77
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• 2006

Prolonged immobilization leads to significant weakness and atrophy of the skeletal muscle and can also impair the recovery of muscle strength following injury. Therefore, it is important to minimize the period under immobilization and accelerate the return to normal activity. This study examined the effects of combined heat treatment and rest-inserted exercise on the muscle activity of the lower limb during knee flexion/extension. Twelve healthy subjects were assigned to 4 groups that included: (1) heat treatment + rest-inserted exercise; (2) heat treatment + continuous exercise; (3) no heat treatment + rest-inserted exercise; and (4) no heat treatment + continuous exercise. Heat treatment was applied for 15 mins prior to exercise. Continuous exercise groups performed knee flexion/extension at 0.5 Hz for 300 cycles without rest whereas rest-inserted exercise groups performed the same exercise but with 2 mins rest inserted every 60 cycles of continuous exercise. Changes in the rectus femoris and hamstring muscle activities were assessed at 0 and 2 weeks of treatment by measuring the electromyography signals of isokinetic maximum voluntary contraction. Significant increases in both the rectus femoris and hamstring muscles were observed after only 2 weeks of treatment when both heat treatment and rest-inserted exercise were performed. These results suggest that combination of various treatment techniques, such as heat treatment and rest-inserted exercise, may accelerate the recovery of muscle strength following injury or immobilization.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Geothermal and Hydrothermal Energy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.24-30
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• 2020

Ground source heat pump (GSHP) systems are actively introduced as cooling and heating conditioning systems of buildings due to annual stable performance and easily maintenance. However, ground temperature imbalance is occurred when the GSHP is used for a long period. Therefore, in this study, we proposed the operation method of the system that considered the recovery time of heat source temperature. The entering water temperature (EWT) and heat exchange rate (HER) were comparatively analyzed according to the continuous and intermittent operation. Furthermore, the underground thermal environment was evaluated by numerical analysis model. As the result, the intermittent operation was a maximum of 12.3% higher HER during the heating period than the continuous operation. In addition, the overall ground heat source temperature at the intermittent operation was higher than it at the continuous operation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics A
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• v.31A no.7
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• pp.29-35
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• 1994

The performance of continuous phase modulation signals is well known for the coherent demodulation. But the carrier recovery circuits of the coherent receiver have long acquisition time and the receiver experiences high error floors for fading channels. In this paper, we propose the differential demodulation of 2-h continuous phase modulation signals. The sets of modulation indices of 2-h phase codes adequate to the differential demodulation for differentially encoded input are obtained and the average bit error probability in Additive White Gaussian Noise environments is derived and analyzed.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.60 no.4
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• pp.473-477
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• 2022

In this study, candidate technologies for lithium recovery from the process waste liquid generated in the waste battery recycling process were reviewed, and technologies applicable to the process from the commercialization point of view were reviewed from a qualitative point of view. The evaporation method is difficult to apply because it requires a large-scale land and shows a low recovery rate due to the loss of Li during the concentration process. In the case of precipitation, a commercially available technology shows a high recovery rate due to the high Li/Na selectivity of phosphoric acid, but there are disadvantages in that the process is complicated due to the use of expensive phosphoric acid, requiring a recovery step, and continuous operation is impossible because solids are handled in the Li concentration process. In the case of solvent extraction, if we find an inexpensive extractant with high Li/Na selectivity, continuous operation is possible with the method used in extraction of other metals in the previous step, and when Li is concentrated, continuous operation is possible because it is in a liquid state. If it shows a similar recovery rate compared to precipitation technology, commercialization will be the most likely.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.97-107
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• 2016

Objectives : The objective of this study is to report the effect of Koran medical treatment and CPM exercise on recovery after reconstruction surgery of torn anterior cruciate ligament Methods : A 27-year-old male patient who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery was treated by Korean medical treatment and CPM exercise from March 24th 2015 to April 16th 2015. Results : After treatments, VAS were generally decreased, ROM of Lt. knee got better from $95^{\circ}/10^{\circ}$(flexion/extension) to $120^{\circ}/-5^{\circ}$ (flexion/extension), Lysholm Score increased from 26 to 63. Conclusions : This study showed that Korean medical treatments and CPM exercise has meaningful effect on recovery after reconstruction surgery of anterior cruciate ligament. And it is considered that we need to apporoach recovery of these kinds of operation with more active Korean medical treatment, and further researches should be done steadily.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 1991

We measured change of peripheral skin temperature and mean skin temperature when the upper arm and thigh are pressured in order to know the effect of skin pressure applied by clothing on blood circulation. After release from pressure, we observed also recovery condition. At the same time, we examined relation between pressure and a feeling of thightness. Three physiques of healthy females, namely slender, standard and plump, served as subjects. We used continuous restraint method with skin pressure applied by experimental fabric for 10 min. As a result of this experiment, we obtained following findings. 1. The significant difference was marked at the pressure, measuring time and physique with change of skin temperature under upper arm restraint. The peripheral and mean skin temperature decreased with the lapse of restraint time. A remarkable tendency observed according to the increase of restraint pressure. Recovery condition after release from pressure not yet recovered to original state, for all after a lapse of 10 min. 2. The significant difference was marked at the pressure, measuring time and physique with change of skin temperature under thigh restraint, especially different physique was remarkable among them. The peripheral skin temperature decreased or decreased. Recovery condition after release from pressure was the same upper arm. 3. Main factor affecting the evaluation of a feeling of tightness was restraint pressure. The value of pressure sensation made remarkable declined after a lapse of 10 min restraint time. Individual differences, however, were shown in pressure sensation.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.267-279
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• 2011

At steady state, the simultaneous transport of sulphuric acid and nickel sulphate through an anion-exchange membrane Neosepta-AFN (Astom Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was investigated in a two-compartment counter-current dialyzer with single passes. The transport was quantified by the recovery yield of acid, rejection of salt and four phenomenological coefficients, which were correlated with the acid and salt concentrations in the feed. The phenomenological coefficients were determined by the numerical integration of the basic differential equations describing the concentration profiles of the components in the dialyzer. This integration was combined with an optimizing procedure. The experiments proved that the acid recovery yield is in the limits from 63 to 91 %, while salt rejection is in the limits from 79 to 97 % in the dependence on the volumetric liquid flow rate and composition of the feed.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

This study was carried out to develop a continuous process for recovering phosphorus in swine slurry. Magnesium chloride ($MgCl_2$) was used in the test as a magnesium source and the pH was regulated by adding NaOH and aerating. The results showed that the recovery rate of soluble phosphorus (SP) has increased with the molar ratios increased. In case of pH regulated with NaOH, the recovery rates of SP with molar ratio of 1:1.5 were over 95% from both farms. The removal of ammonia-nitrogen was at levels of $4{\sim}9%$. With aeration treatment, the SP recovery rate was 66% and the removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen was 15%. The treatment of NaOH to increase pH showed better SP recovery efficiency than the aeation treatment. However, in case of ammonia-nitrogen removal, the treatment of aeration showed better results than the NaOH treatment.