• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6285-6288
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• 2015

Background: Breast cancer is commonly diagnosed at late stages in countries with limited resources. In Morocco, breast cancer is ranked the first female cancer (36.1%) and screening methods could reduce the proportion presenting with a late diagnosis. Morocco is currently adopting a breast cancer screening program based on clinical examination at primary health facilities, diagnosis at secondary level and treatment at tertiary level. So far, there is no systematic information on the performance of the screening program for breast cancer in Morocco. The aim of this study was to analyze early performance indicators. Materials and Methods: A retrospective evaluative study conducted in Temara city. The target population was the entire female population aged between 45-70 years. The study was based on process and performance indicators collected at the individual level from the various health structures in Tamara between 2009 and 2011. Results: A total of 2,350 women participated in the screening program; the participation rate was 35.7%. Of these, 76.8% (1,806) were married and 5.2% (106) of this group had a family history of breast cancer. Of the women who attended screening, 9.3% (190) were found to have an abnormal physical examination findings. A total of 260 (12.7%) were referred for a specialist consultation. The positive predictive value of clinical breast examination versus mammography was 23.0%. Forty four (35.5%) of the lesions found on the mammograms were classified as BI-RADs 3; 4 or 5 category. Cancer was found in 4 (1.95%) of the total number of screened women and benign cases represented 0.58%. Conclusions: These first results of the programme are very encouraging, but there is a need to closely monitor performance and to improve programme procedures with the aim of increasing both the participation rate and the proportion of women eligible to attend screening.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.87-111
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• 2002

The hospice activities in Korea have still stood in the premature stage, although the contemporary hospice program, which professionally accommodates terminally ill patients, appeared in the history 35 years ago. Especially, the availability of the facility hospice is not only poor in number, but also lack of a guideline for the conduct of the facility. Saemmul Hospice has keenly felt the necessity of more facility hospices and has interchanged experiences and informations with people interested in hospice. However, the number of facilities has fallen short of one's expectations, and many problems have been revealed in order to maintain the operation. This paper was written in order to improve these atmospheres and to help more terminally ill cancer patients properly. This paper clarifies in detail the principle of management, the method of practice in each departments of Saemmul Hospice, expected effects and supplemental items. We try to provide concrete and practical informations and to help extensively for all peoples who are to begin or currently working. 1.Facility: It secures, maintain, and manage the hospice environment for all around care of patients effectively. 2.Education and Volunteer: It trains and manages hospice volunteers devoted to hospice. 3.Financial: It manages donation by healthy soul with an effective method. 4.Administration and Organization: It executes the administration efficiently and constitutes the organization to operate. 5.Medical and Nursing: It offers the maximum professional supports to a hospital. 6.Medicine and alternative medicine: It improves the quality of life of patients by medical and pharmaceutical approach and by other possible methods available. 7.Nutrition: It helps patients to have diets in accord with the order of the creation. 8.Belief: It offers spiritual care which allows the profound relationship with God. 9. Funeral ceremonies: Funeral ceremonies may heal grieves of families faced with their deaths. 10. Bereaved families: It supports the families after the deaths of patients. 11.Reception and consultation: It seeks to help the patients who meet the purposes for which Saemmul Hospice is established. 12.Publication: It allows publicity activities for Saemmul Hospice. Facility hospice programs are able to overcome the disadvantages that the other type of the hospice possess, like as the economic burdens of the families, and the patients' losses of comforts of home after being transferred to a hospital. Facility hospice can provide home atmosphere with professional manpower and facilities like hospital to the patients. Therefore, it can also improve patients' qualities of life and make them comfortable death. We anticipate that the hospice program in Korea would be more active to let more people be indebted to maintain the nobel human dignity and to cross beautifully in the most painful process of dying in the journey of their lives.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.308-324
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• 2012

The aim of this study is to develop and construct the elements of a new evaluation tool to assess the effectiveness of a horticultural therapy. Delphi method was applied to classify the realms of evaluation and specify their components and constituting items. Delphi process was performed through three rounds and 24 professionals attended all the rounds as panel members. Some of the items were revised or removed according to the results of such tests as content validity ratio, agreement rate, convergency and stability of each item. On the contrary, a few new items were added by accepting the opinions of the professional panels. Previous to the Delphi, the realms of evaluation were classified into physical, cognitional, psycho-emotional and social ones on the basis of literature review, professionals' consultation and in-depth interview with practitioners. At the first round, 112 items constituting four realms were reviewed. The numbers of items to be reviewed were reduced to 107 at the second round and to 102 at the third round. As a result, 98 items in 4 realms were decided as proper evaluation points of horticultural therapy. The compositions of the four respective realms are as follows: 5 components and 27 items in physical realm; 4 components and 25 items in cognitional realm; 2 components and 24 items in psycho-emotional realm; and 4 components and 22 items in social realm. These realms, components and specific items derived from this study constitute indices to evaluate the effectiveness of horticultural therapy. In addition, they might be utilized as good guidelines for planning horticultural therapy programs.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-150
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• 2011

This paper proposes an improvement to differentiate assessment procedure for projects in consideration of their environmental impact as a means to improve efficiency in environmental impact assessment ("EIA") procedure. The targets of analysis were limited to lower impact projects. The current EA system in Korea has already attempted to introduce separate proceedings for certain projects.Tangible results from these efforts, however, have been limited. Other countries have adopted a "screening" system to determine whether EIA is applicable to a particular project, and if so, what procedure will be used therein. Therefore, this study suggests the screening as the process wherein need for EIA is determined with respect to projects which have undergone Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) and which appear to have comparatively negligible environmental impact. In this case, EIA can be omitted and the developer can then draft a mitigation plan instead. This study found that exempting certain projects deemed as having low environmental impact can considerably shorten the duration required for both environmental assessment and consultation, thereby improving efficiency. Other expected effects from the adoption of this screening include reduction in delays in project execution due to environmental assessments and reduced red tape through the provision of increased autonomy to developers and the approving authorities.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.190-198
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• 2020

For domestic urban railways, which have a 19.7% aging rate, a performance evaluation is necessary to establish capital improvement investment plans. The performance evaluation, which was recently enacted in the relevant law, points out the excessive time and effort for acquiring data and evaluation. This study developed a performance evaluation simulation prototype using a virtual reality (VR) method to use as training contents for railway performance evaluations. The practical use of the VR technique to reduce the working time under poor environment conditions was confirmed through a literature review. A survey and consultation were conducted for urban railway experts to determine the weight of the performance evaluation items and the facility breakdown structure. This information was utilized to develop performance evaluation sheets for simulation. Based on the evaluation sheet, a training content prototype that evaluates the performance of platform safety doors was developed using VR techniques with HTC VIVE equipment. VR simulation tests were conducted for six players, and the prototype was sufficiently advantageous for a visual confirmation of the facility information. The result is expected to be useful for engineers to understand the performance evaluation process efficiently before an actual performance evaluation of urban railway facilities.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.265-270
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• 2012

The delay in the construction permit for the building, which obtained the approval of business proposal, may lead to a difference in the maintenance cost ranging between 20% and 30% in the neighborhood where the residents moved in, along with the new project under construction in the surrounding area amidst rigorous regulations that aim to promote energy-saving and the heightened interest of the public in energy conservation, and such problem would become the major source of serious public complaints. Thus, the energy-saving plan needs to be prepared when the approval is granted to the business plan. In order to prevent public complaints or ensure effectiveness of government's energy plan, it may be effective to apply the energy-saving plan based on current standards upon the award of construction permit when two years have elapsed since the date of the scheduled commencement of construction or when the start of construction is delayed as stipulated in the Article 18 of the Enforcement Decree of Housing Act. If the energy-saving plan and related technologies are merely the parts of license and permit process without fully serving their purposes and functions, it would be waste of time to deploy a lot of workforce and review and seek consultation. The government or owners of buildings need to fully understand the energy-saving aspects and exert effort to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 2017

Globally, efforts are being made to develop and strengthen a palliative care policy to support a comprehensive healthcare system. Korea has implemented a hospice and palliative care (HPC) policy as part of a cancer policy under the 10 year plan to conquer cancer and a comprehensive measure for national cancer management. A legal ground for the HPC policy was laid by the Cancer Control Act passed in 2003. Currently in the process is legislation of a law on the decision for life-sustaining treatment for HPC and terminally-ill patients. The relevant law has expanded the policy-affected disease group from terminal cancer to cancer, human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic liver disease/liver cirrhosis. Since 2015, the National Health Insurance (NHI) scheme reimburses for HPC with a combination of the daily fixed sum and the fee for service systems. By the provision type, the HPC is classified into hospitalization, consultation, and home-based treatment. Also in place is the system that designates, evaluates and supports facilities specializing in HPC, and such facilities are funded by the NHI fund and government subsidy. Also needed along with the legal system are consensus reached by people affected by the policy and more realistic fee levels for HPC. The public and private domains should also cooperate to set HPC standards, train professional caregivers, control quality and establish an evaluation system. A stable funding system should be prepared by utilizing the long-term care insurance fund and hospice care fund.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.1025-1038
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• 2014

The purpose of this study the creative problem-solving of gifted children for elementary school science in order to improve and develop learning programs and STEAM projects by applying that effect would be to provide. To develop this STEAM program, we utilized the steps of the Project Learning method and the KOrea Foundation for the Advancement of science and Creativity(KOFAC) proposed STEAM program, learning the principles and criteria in configuration, the methodology. In order to verify the effectiveness of the developed STEAM program Elementary Science for gifted students with creative problemsolving Questionnaire were used. The program was developed a total of 18 classes, consists of first project to create a solar car, second project to create elastic car. The primary project was selected as one of the topics with the students and selected topics related to previous activities in accordance with articles examining the actual quest, consultation, representation activities in class and finishing with the deliverables and evaluation consisted of 12 classes. The second project is the first project based on a given problem to generate a deliverable by outlining a solution which consists of 6 classes. All of this project was composed by teachers and students to select a common topic on the subject of themselves through a process of problematization, the student-led science, technology, engineering and arts of the area so that the content can be made convergence. The results of the study indicate that this developed STEAM program has a positive effection creative problem solving in a gifted students.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.9-21
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• 2015

Nowadays, within the paradigm shift of e-learning, MOOCs service has been expanded among a number of global leading universities and this has affected our domestic universities' e-learning to look for different possibilities and new challenges. In consideration of our domestic educational condition, it is required to contemplate how university e-learning can be changed and developed with focus on MOOCs from the perspective of convergence development. This study suggests plans for convergence development in university e-learning based on MOOCs with conceptual model. We conducted the studies on relevant literature of university e-learning and MOOCs, expert consultation, SWOT analysis, survey for those involved of e-learning centers, etc. Through this process, we developed a final plan which integrates 'open advanced education course service', 'teaching and learning curation service', 'teaching and learning practice service', 'creative teaching and instruction method development and sharing service', and 'cloud based educational platform support service', etc with the perspective of convergence development. Also we designed convergence development plan based on MOOCs. It is assumed that the result of this research provides advanced plans for development of university e-learning and the base for further discussion of introduction and application of MOOCs service in domestic university.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.476-488
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• 2015

The export demand for various public services of e-government is growing. This study defines the new services that are required in each step of export processes for public services in order to develop the new services for supporting the commercialization of the export public services. And the study arrives at a conclusion of the main problems and requirements of the current export processes for the public services through the previous literature, the open-ended questions and the focus group interview. The new services are divided into six steps including the general information and consultation of the export public services; specifically, 'evaluation of the export capabilities', 'information of export pubic services', 'network of export companies', 'knowledge exchange of export', 'guide map of export information' and 'place for communication'. Furthermore, the score test about importance of 14 detailed services and the ease of implement is conducted. Based on the results of the test, Portfolio Evaluation Quadrant analysis derives a conclusion that 'the guide map service of export information' in the step 5 is preferentially considered to be in need of implementation.