• 아동학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.143-159
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• 2007

This study examined the relation between the quality of constructive play and convergent and divergent problem solving. The subjects were 48 five-year-old children. Unit blocks were used to test the quality level of constructive play; a 40 piece puzzle and pattern blocks were used to test convergent problem solving; the pattern blocks also were used to test divergent problem solving. Children's block play was videotaped and pictures were taken of constructions made by children. Data were analyzed by correlation and stepwise multiple regression. Results showed statistically significant correlations between the quality of constructive play and convergent and divergent problem solving. Among the sub variables of constructive play, social play patterns affected convergent problem solving; diversity affected divergent problem solving.

• 한국지능정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지능정보시스템학회 2000년도 춘계정기학술대회 e-Business를 위한 지능형 정보기술 / 한국지능정보시스템학회
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• pp.217-224
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• 2000

Configuration은 도메인 지식을 이용해서 주어진 모든 요구를 충족시키는 컴포넌트를 갖는 시스템을 구성하기 위한 기술이다. 최근 전자 상거래는 역경매, 공동구매, 사용자 프로파일에 의한 제품의 추천 등 다양한 방식으로 구매자 중심의 사거래 행위를 하고 있다. 하지만 아직도 전문 지식이 필요한 제품의 구입시에 구매자는 많은 어려움을 겪고 있다. 이러한 구매자의 행위를 보조하기 위한 수단으로써 전문가 시스템에서 수년간 연구되어 온 Configuration 기술을 확장 도입하였다. 본 논문에서는 도메인에 대한 규칙(Rules)에 기반해서 Classification Problem Solving 방법과 Constructive Problem Solving 방법을 적용하였다. 구매자와의 능동적인 질의 수행을 하여 제품에 대한 요구를 정확히 한 뒤, 얻어진 사실(Facts)을 Classification Problem solving에 이용이 되어 제품 모델이 결정된다. 이 제품 모델은 구매자를 위해 특성화 되어 있기 않기 때문에, Constructive Problem Solving을 이용한다. 이런 내용을 기반으로 컴퓨터 조립을 위한 Configurator를 디자인하고 구현했다.

• 대한수학회보
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.177-186
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• 1996

Colton and Wendland [1] have considered acoustic wave propagations in a spherically symmetric medium. They used constructive method for in a spherically symmetric medium. They used constructive method for solving the exterior Neumann problem. Jones [2] has derived an integral equation for the exterior acoustic problem. Jones has also discussed analytical and numerical solution of the acoustic problem.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2023

In this paper, we consider the maximum scatter traveling salesman problem (MSTSP), a travelling salesman problem (TSP) variant. The problem aims to maximize the minimum length edge in a salesman's tour that travels each city only once in a network. It is a very complicated NP-hard problem, and hence, exact solutions can be found for small sized problems only. For large-sized problems, heuristic algorithms must be applied, and genetic algorithms (GAs) are found to be very successfully to deal with such problems. So, this paper develops a hybrid GA (HGA) for solving the problem. Our proposed HGA uses sequential sampling algorithm along with 2-opt search for initial population generation, sequential constructive crossover, adaptive mutation, randomly selected one of three local search approaches, and the partially mapped crossover along with swap mutation for perturbation procedure to find better quality solution to the MSTSP. Finally, the suggested HGA is compared with a state-of-art algorithm by solving some TSPLIB symmetric instances of many sizes. Our computational experience reveals that the suggested HGA is better. Further, we provide solutions to some asymmetric TSPLIB instances of many sizes.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.663-677
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• 1998

The development of Science and Technology and the social change require new paradigm in Education. In a traditional paradigm, learners have been regarded as a passive being and knowledge could be transmitted to learner. But within this paradigm, it is difficult to confront the social change and to develop problem solving skills in various context. This results in a new, alternative perspective, Constructive paradigm. As an alternative to the traditional settings, Constructive paradigm emphasizes the learner centered instruction. The reform movement in mathematics education including NCTM's standards revolves around this paradigm and the open education movement in our educational system is based on it. Open education values learner's interest, autonomy and internal motivation in learning. However, open education has been misunderstood by most of the teachers. It should be understood as the change of paradigm. In this study, as a way of helping students connect mathematics to their everyday lives and construct meaningful mathematical knowledge and concept, mathematical modelling is suggested. It consists of posing and specifying the real problem, formulation and constructing a mathematical model, analyzing and solving a mathematical problem. interpreting the solution and comparing with reality and communicating results. In this process, technology like computer can be a powerful tool. It can help students explore various problems more easily and concretely.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2003

수학적 맥락 정보를 이용한 문제가 주어졌을 때, 학생들의 문제 해결 활동을 관찰하고 인지적 측면과 정서적 측면에서 분석하였다. 수학적 맥락 문제들은 Freudenthal의 수학 교육 이론과 RME에 따라 구성하였다. 그 결과, 개방된 형태의 맥락 문제가 보다 다양한 풀이를 산출해냄을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 교사는 스스로 형식적 수학을 재발명하고, 학생들로 하여금 그에 걸맞은 인지적 활동이 이루어지도록 나름대로의 교수 학습 방법을 개발하여야 한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈C:초등수학교육
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.267-283
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• 2013

수학적 정당화란 일반적으로 적절한 근거에 기초하여 자신의 주장이 참임을 보이는 과정이라고 할 수 있다. 하지만 교실 실제에서의 수학적 정당화는 사회적 상호작용을 바탕으로 수학적 의사소통을 촉진하는 역할을 한다고 할 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 수학적 정당화 활동이 학생들의 문제해결과 의사소통 과정에 미치는 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 수학적 정당화 활동이 강조되는 문제해결 중심 수업을 실시하고 문제 이해 활동, 개별 탐구 활동, 소집단 토의 활동, 전체 논의 과정에서의 수학적 정당화 활동과 의사소통 과정을 분석하였다. 연구 결과 수학적 정당화 활동은 학생들이 다양한 문제해결 방법을 찾는데 도움을 주었고 의사소통 과정을 촉진하였으며, 다양한 표현 방법을 사용하도록 자극하였다. 또한 수학적 정당화 활동은 학생들의 이해를 평가하는 방법이 될 수 있으며, 교실에서의 사회적 관계 및 역동적인 교실 문화를 형성하는데 기여하였다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈D:수학교육연구
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2002

This study explored teachers (n = 219) from northern, central, southern and eastern Taiwan concerning their views about children's learning difficulties, mathematical instruction and school mathematics curricular. Results showed that teachers' mathematics knowledge or their instruction methods had no significant influence on their views of children's learning difficulties. Even though teachers indicated that understanding of abstract mathematical concepts was the most prominent difficulty for children, they tended to employ direct instruction rather than constructive and cooperative problem solving in their teaching. However, teachers' views of children's learning difficulties did influence their instructional practice. Results from in-dept interviews revealed that there were some obstacles that prevented teachers from putting constructiveism perspectives of instruction into teaching practice. Further investigation is needed to develop a better understanding of epistemology and teaming psychology as well as to help teachers create constructive learning situations.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 1998년도 공동추계학술대회 경제위기 극복을 위한 정보기술의 효율적 활용
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• pp.479-488
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• 1998

This study investigates the effect of conflict resolution methods on the IS outsourcing performance. A survey of 207 IS oursourcing relationship of U.S. firms indicates that(1) constructive/proactive methods, such as joint problem solving, is positively related to the success of IS outsourcing relationships, and that (2) destructive/passive methods, such as persuasion, smoothing/avoiding, domination, and use of harsh words are negatively related to the success of IS outsourcing relationships. The findings suggest that the manner in which conflict is resolved can be productive or destructive for the IS outsourcing performance.

• Educational Technology International
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.229-254
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• 2018

Universities in Korea have driven universities' new attempts to adopt more learner-centered and active learning in English. Problem-based Learning (PBL) is one of the well-known constructive teaching and learning methodologies in higher education. Our research goal was to design and develop the optimal PBL practices for a college physics course taught in English to promote learning and course satisfaction. For four semesters, we have tried and adjusted PBL components, and looked at the trend of the exam scores and group work achievement in each semester. We found that the number of problems and the duration of problem solving are the critical factors that influence the effect of PBL in a college physics course taught in English by going through iterative implementation. The iterative process of applying, designing, and constructing PBL to physics classes was meaningful not only in that we have found the optimal PBL model for learning a college physics course, but also in that we have been reflecting on the continuous interaction with learners during the course.