• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.2
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• pp.289-294
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• 2021

A mushroom survey was conducted in Mt. Cleopatra Needle Forest Reserve (CNFR) northeast of Puerto Pincesa, the capital city of Palawan island, from August 2018 to September 2019. During this period, 433 fungal fruiting bodies were collected from 3 different from survey sites, Concepcion, Kalakwasan, and Tanabag Barangays. The specimens were identified based on their morphological and molecular analyses and classified into 176 species, 114 genera, 55 families, and 22 orders. The mushrooms belong to Ascomycota were classified into 20 species, 15 genera, 12 families, and 7 orders, while those belongs to Basidiomycota were classified into 156 species, 99 genera, 43 families, and 15 orders, respectively. Among these mushrooms, the families with high frequency were Polyporaceae (18.9%), Marasmiaceae (11.5%), Xylariaceae (9.7%), Agaricaceae (8.3%), Auriculariaceae (4.8%), Ganodermataceae (4.2%), Hypoxylaceae (3.2%), and Sarcoscyphaceae (3.0%), and comprised 63.7% of the total specimens identified. This report may be the first checklist of mushrooms in Mt. CNFR and could be used for developing conservation strategies of the critical habitat in Palawan island.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.39
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• pp.39-58
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• 2006

This study reviews recent shell midden studies in Korea. With more interest in biological materials, recent shell midden studies have attempted to reconstruct palaeoenvironment, and understand subsistence economy, the formation processes and function of sites and past culture. Especially, one of the major topics in prehistoric Korean shell midden studies is the transitional process from hunter-gatherer to farmer. To solve these questions related with shell middens, new sampling strategies and excavation techniques have been adopted. Analytical methods combined with scientifical technologies also have been introduced to shell middle studies. These methods indude stable isotope analyses(Oxygen isotope and Carbon and Nitrogen isotope analyses) and growth-line analysis, etc.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.109-114
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• 2021

Veronica nakaiana Ohwi (Plantaginaceae) is an endemic taxon on Ulleungdo Island, Korea. We report the second complete chloroplast genome sequence of V. nakaiana. Its genome size is 152,319 bp in length, comprising a large single-copy of 83,195 bp, a small single-copy of 17,702 bp, and a pair of inverted repeat regions of 25,711 bp. The complete genome contains 115 genes, including 51 protein-coding genes, four rRNA genes, and 31 tRNA genes. When comparing the two chloroplast genomes of V. nakaiana, 11 variable sites are recognized: seven SNPs and four indels. Two substitutions in the coding regions are recognized: rpoC2 (synonymous substitution) and rpl22 (nonsynonymous substitution). In nine noncoding regions, one is in the tRNA gene (trnK-UUU), one is in the intron of atpF, and seven are in the intergenic spacers (trnH-GUG~psbA, trnK-UUU, rps16~trnQ-UUG, trnC-GCA~petN, psbZ~trnG-GCC, ycf3~trnS-GGA, ycf4~cemA, and psbB~psbT). The data provide the level of genetic variation in V. nakaiana. This result will be a useful resource to formulate conservation strategies for V. nakaiana, which is a rare endemic species in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2023.05a
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• pp.447-447
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• 2023

Soil organic carbon (SOC) is a critical indicator of soil fertility. Its importance in maintaining ecological balance has received widespread attention. However, global temperatures have risen by 0.8℃ since the late 1800s due to human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, resulting in severe disruptions in SOC dynamics. To study the impacts of temperature variations on SOC and soil respiration, we used the Soil Carbon and Landscape co-Evolution (SCALE) model, which was capable of estimating the spatial distribution of soil carbon dynamics. The study site was located at Heshan Farm (125°20'10.5"E, 49°00'23.1"N), Nenjiang County in Heilongjiang Province, Northeast China. We validated the model using observed soil organic carbon and soil respiration in 2015 and achieved excellent agreement between observed and modeled variables. Our results showed considerable influences of temperature increases on SOC and soil respiration rates at both erosion and deposition areas. In particular, changes in SOC and soil respiration at the deposition area were greater than at the erosion area. Our study highlights that the impacts of temperature elevations are considerably dependent on soil erosion and deposition processes. Thus, it is important to implement effective soil conservation strategies to maintain soil fertility under global warming.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.72-78
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• 2023

The leopard (Panthera pardus) is one of the most widespread felids worldwide. Despite their wide distribution, reliable data on leopard population densities are still inadequate for conservation and management strategies in different landscapes. In the present study, we estimated leopard density using camera traps in the Ranthambhore Tiger Reserve (RTR), Rajasthan, India, between December 2010 and February 2011, where leopards coexist alongside a high density of tigers (Panthera tigris), a larger predator (RTR). A sampling effort of 4,450 trap days was made from 178 camera trapping stations over 75 days, resulting in 46 suitable photo captures (25 right flanks and 21 left flanks). In total, 18 individuals (7 males, 8 females, and 3 unknown sexes) were identified using the right flanks, and the estimated leopard density was 8.8 (standard error=2.8) individuals/100 km². Leopard density appeared to respond to small prey (<50 kg weight) richness. As this is the first systematic study to provide baseline information on leopard density in RTR, it could form a baseline for comparison in future investigations.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.13-25
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• 2023

The implementation of ESG practices in the fashion industry has been accelerating, and its significance has been growing across all industries. This paper aims to examine the strategies for ESG implementation in domestic fashion brands and analyze how ESG principles are applied in the context of domestic conscious fashion. To analyze conscious fashion as a means of ESG implementation, the evaluation criteria of ESG from the Textile Fashion Policy Research Institute were utilized as analytical tools. As a result, five categories of domestic conscious fashion emerged: animal-free vegan fashion, eco-friendly plant-based vegan materials, upcycled fashion, regenerated fiber fashion utilizing waste materials, and fair trade fashion. The characteristics of these ESG practices in conscious fashion were identified with four key features. Firstly, the adoption of environmentally friendly materials demonstrates a tendency towards resource conservation, minimizing environmental degradation, and protecting ecosystems. Secondly, technology-driven circular practices are predominant in vegan and upcycled types, evident in the development of fashion materials and secondhand content. Thirdly, design practices based on scarcity incorporate characteristics of upcycling and fair trade. Lastly, the practices of social and ethical values underlie the philosophies of three types of conscious fashion. With the acceleration of ESG practices in the fashion industry and the increasing importance thereof, it is expected that domestic conscious fashion in South Korea will diversify in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.19-28
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• 2024

The purpose of this study is to investigate the habitat of Luciola unmunsana to understand the status of land snails, which are the larvae prey, and to evaluate the effects of larval feeding preferences and prey size for the restoration of the L. unmunsana habitat as a basis for future restoration projects. The research methods included field surveys of the habitat and laboratory experiments on feeding preferences using three types of land snails (Allopeas clavulinum kyotoense, Euphaedusa fusaniana, Pupinella rufa) observed in the habitat. Field surveys of 13 L. unmunsana habitat sites revealed a total of 24 land snail species. The experimental results regarding the larvae prey were analyzed for statistical significance of feeding preferences using Chi-square tests and independent sample t-tests. Consequently, larvae showed the highest preference for A. c. kyotoense, with statistically significant differences in feeding preferences (p<0.05). Also, statistically significant differences were observed in the size between the land snails that were eaten as prey and those that were not eaten. This research can deepen the understanding of the feeding preferences of L. unmunsana larvae and provide practical guidelines for the effective conservation and restoration strategies of the firefly habitat.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.883-902
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• 2023

Water is critical to the health and productivity of fruit trees. Efficient monitoring of water stress is essential for optimizing irrigation practices and ensuring sustainable fruit production. Short-range sensing can be reliable, rapid, inexpensive, and used for applications based on well-developed and validated algorithms. This paper reviews the recent advancement in fruit tree water stress detection via short-range sensing, which can be used for irrigation scheduling in orchards. Thermal imagery, near-infrared, and shortwave infrared methods are widely used for crop water stress detection. This review also presents research demonstrating the efficacy of short-range sensing in detecting water stress indicators in different fruit tree species. These indicators include changes in leaf temperature, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and canopy reflectance. Short-range sensing enables precision irrigation strategies by utilizing real-time data to customize water applications for individual fruit trees or specific orchard areas. This approach leads to benefits, such as water conservation, optimized resource utilization, and improved fruit quality and yield. Short-range sensing shows great promise for potentially changing water stress monitoring in fruit trees. It could become a useful tool for effective fruit tree water stress management through continued research and development.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2024

Reports of a global decline in pollinator populations, especially mason bees, have raised concerns regarding the maintenance of pollination interactions. Although addressing local factors causing bee decline is a potential mitigation strategy at the landscape scale, regional rates and high-latitude threats to bee diversity are unclear. We investigated the distribution of mason bees (Osmia. spp. (O. pedicornis, O. corniforns, O. taurus, and O. satoi) and measured species richness and species ratios at regional, latitudinal, and altitudinal scales. We examined the association between bee species richness and three putative environmental conditions: high-low, altitude-dependent, and latitude-dependent. The species richness of the O. pedicornis bee was the highest and it was found between latitudes 35° and 37°, and at 500-600 m in both the northern and southern hemispheres, showing an inverse latitudinal gradient of bee species richness in South Korea. Mason bee species richness and global climate are important predictors of flowering plant diversity. Climate change threatens bee and vascular plant diversity; however, the overlap between bee abundance and plant diversity can be improved by employing suitable conservation strategies.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.6-16
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• 2024

The efficiency of silicon solar cells is approaching a theoretical limit referred to as 'the state of the art'. Consequently, maintaining efficiency is more productive than pursuing improvements the last room for limiting efficiency. One of the primary considerations in silicon module conservation is the occurrence of failures and degradation. Degradation can be mitigated during the cell manufacturing stage, unlike physical and spontaneous failure. It is mostly because the chemical reaction is triggered by the carrier generation of thermal and light injection, an inherent aspect of the solar cell environment. Therefore, numerous researchers and cell manufacturers are engaged in implementing mitigation strategies based on the physical degradation mechanism.