• 농촌계획
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.99-117
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• 2019

Environmental impact assessment (EIA), which predicts, evaluates, and manages the influences on natural landscape, plays a role of monitoring natural resources for systematic management of natural landscape. However, the function of verification and correction of the system is still insufficient and feed-back, one of the most important features of EIA follow-up, has not been introduced in Korea's EIA system yet. As a procedure, it is required to check if the opinions of the evaluators are properly reflected to the outcomes of the project through a reviewing process after assessing environmental impacts of a development project. In reality, despite the awareness about the importance of follow-up inspection of the conformity with, the system mainly focuses on the agreement during the planning stage of the development project and fails to continuously manage after its completion. There have been various preceding studies related to prediction, evaluation, and management of environmental impacts on natural landscape for better management. They primarily dealt with the problems in the EIA process and suggested improvement measures, including directions for institutional development, step-by-step goals, and operation methods, to address the problems which arise in the EIA follow-up process. However, suggested measures are not actively applied with the focus only put on institutional operation, there are virtually no standardized methods to predict and assess landscape changes due to the development project and to manage landscape after the project. Against this backdrop, this study aims to explore the existing methods to analyze the impacts natural landscape and to establish a system where landscape management is continued after the development project. To this end, we will suggest reducing methods according to the predicted changes in landscape for post-project management of natural landscape. Characteristics of reduction methods by project type were examined through reviewing the guide to natural landscape rating and the importance of development project impacts on natural landscape by type of reduction was evaluated through questionnaire for experts. Evaluated types of reduction are classified and presented by characteristics of each development project and content of reduction type.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2019

미세먼지의 인체 영향으로 인해 기존 대기 환경 모니터링 네트워크에서 측정된 과거 데이터를 활용하여 미세먼지를 예측하려는 다양한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 하지만 기존 설계된 예측 모델의 측정 환경, 세부 조건을 정확히 설정하기 어려우며, 측정된 기상 데이터의 누락과 같은 문제로 기존 연구 결과에 기반 한 새로운 예측 모델의 설계가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 미세먼지 예측을 위한 선행 연구로서 다수의 연구에서 사용된 기계 학습 알고리즘인 다중 선형 회귀와 인공 신경망을 통해 예측 모델을 설계하여 미세먼지 예측을 위한 알고리즘의 적합성을 평가하였다. RMSE를 통한 예측 성능 비교 결과, MLR 모델의 경우 18.13, MLP 모델의 경우 14.31의 값을 보여 미세먼지 농도를 예측함에 있어 인공 신경망 모델이 예측에 더 적합함을 보였다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.17-39
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• 2003

The 21st century is called “an era of creation” or “an era of speed.” These are flat expressions requiring a fierce competition between individuals, corporations and nations. In a reality in which we should make new things continuously within a short period of time, the world best benchmarking can become a good alternative. The world best practice can be called “a mode of operation” that has created the world's best performance in a particular field of managerial activities. It is very meaningful for the nations' corporations, which have a lower competitiveness than world-class ones and weak points in the area of human resources development, in particular, to benchmark the world-class corporations' best practices of HRD. Therefore, this study is conducted in conformity with a model of the Instructional Systems Designs for the Total Quality Education that brings the structure of the world-class corporations' best practices of HRD into line with that of the Total Quality Management. That is, analysis, design, development, implementation and assessment are included in this study.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2013

Predicting the fire resistance of structures has been significantly advanced by full scale fire tests in conjunction with improved understanding of compartmental fire. Despite the progress, application of insulation is still required to parts of structural steelwork to achieve over 60 minutes of fire rating. It is now recognised that uncertainties on insulation properties hinder adaptation of performance based designs for different types of structures. Intumescent coating has recently appeared to be one of most popular insulation types for steel structures, but its design method remains to be confirmed by empirical data, as technical difficulties on the determination of the material properties at elevated temperatures exist. These need to take into account of further physiochemical transitions such as moving boundary and endothermic reaction. The impetus for this research is to investigate the applicability of the conventional differential equation solution which examines the temperature rise on coated steel members by an inorganic intumescent coating, provided that the temperature-dependent thermal/mechanical insulation properties are experimentally defined in lab scale tests.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권10호
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• pp.1995-1999
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• 2009

A partial discharge(PD) measurement is a very effective method to assess the insulation condition of high-voltage machines. It is necessary that the life time of the on-line PD measurement sensor is assessed. Therefore, the electrical life time assessment method of ceramic element was reviewed in order to estimate the life time of the on-line PD measurement sensor. The samples were prepared according to the reviewed method and were tested at 8kV, 9kV and 10kV. Based on the obtained results, the life time constant is shown above 59. Also, it is assumed that the estimated life time constant can be used to anticipate the life time and to assess the conformity of the on-line PD measurement sensor.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.81-91
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• 2015

LED has received intensive research attention due to its long life, high efficacy, fast response and wide colour availability, and has secured extensive application areas. However, LED chips within the modules convert only fraction of electric energy into light, and majority of supplied energy needs to be dissipated as heat, which challenges in the performance and life of the LED modules. IEC 62717 specifies the performance requirements for LED modules together with the test methods and conditions. The present study examined the influence of different design parameters on performance temperature through series of experiments and numerical simulations. The economic means to change the module performance temperature during the measurement of mandatory markings were suggested based on predicted cooling performances.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.108-114
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: This study was performed to determine residual characteristics of soil-treated metalaxyl-M and dinotefuran in crown daisy and to evaluate the risks from intake of the residual pesticides in the crop. METHODS AND RESULTS: The pesticide granules were treated in soil on two levels, and the plants samples were collected 51 days after seeding. The analytes were extracted and partitioned using the QuEChERS extraction packet (MgSO₄ 4 g, NaCl 1 g). The quantitative methods for metalaxyl-M and dinotefuran were validated in linearity, accuracy, and precision. Risk assessments of the pesticides were performed using Korea national nutrition statistics 2019. CONCLUSION(S): The residual concentrations of metalaxyl-M in crown daisy were 0.09-0.10 mg/kg (for the treatment at 6 kg/10 a) and 0.17-0.19 mg/kg (12 kg/10 a), respectively. The residual concentrations of dinotefuran in the crop were 0.53-0.75 mg/kg (3 kg/10 a) and 1.17-1.26 mg/kg (6 kg/10 a). The amounts of pesticides were less than MRL (Maximum Residue Limits) according to the Korean MFDS (Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). The HI (Hazard Index) of metalaxyl-M and dinotefuran for consumers was 0.0075% and 0.2250%, respectively. For females in the age between 50-64, the major consumer group, the HIs of the pesticides were <3%. Considering the consumption of crown daisy, they are not considered to be of toxicological concern.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.241-256
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to review the characteristics of three-dimensional printing technology focusing on printing types, materials, and health hazards. We discussed the methodologies for exposure assessment on hazardous substances emitted from 3D printing through article reviews. Methods: Previous researches on 3D printing technology and exposure assessment were collected through a literature review of public reports and research articles reported up to July 2018. We mainly focused on introducing the technologies, printing materials, hazardous emissions during 3D printing, and the methodologies for evaluation. Results: 3D printing technologies can be categorized by laminating type. Fused deposition modeling(FDM) is the most widely used, and most studies have conducted exposure assessment using this type. The printing materials involved were diverse, including plastic polymer, metal, resin, and more. In the FDM types, the most commonly used material was polymers, such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) and polylactic acids(PLA). These materials are operated under high-temperature conditions, so high levels of ultrafine particles(mainly nanoparticle size) and chemical compounds such as organic compounds, aldehydes, and toxic gases were identified as being emitted during 3D printing. Conclusions: Personal desktop 3D printers are widely used and expected to be constantly distributed in the future. In particular, hazardous emissions, including nano sized particles and various thermal byproducts, can be released under operation at high temperatures, so it is important to identify the health effects by emissions from 3D printing. Furthermore, appropriate control strategies should be also considered for 3D printing technology.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.54-61
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• 2019

Objectives: In this study, we investigated an assessment for exposure levels of hazardous substances to kids cafes that unregulated by law. Methods: Heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, formaldehyde, pesticides and phthalate were measured at 20 kids cafes in Gyeonggi-do and Incheon. Samplings were conducted from April to July in 2018. Results: Heavy metals were detected over the standard mainly around the floor and walls in the 19 kids cafes. Pesticides were detected in 7 locations with chlorpyrifos, diazinon and cypermethrin, and showed the highest detection level of chlorpyrifos. The concentrations of DEHP in all kids cafes were exceeded with standard. The risk assessment results showed that HCHO as carcinogen had a safety level and DEHP as non-carcinogens had a safety level as assessed to be under than 0.1. Conclusions: Considering the exposure investigation results and the importance of child health protection, kids cafe should be included in the legal management list of children's activities zones.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2000년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.50-55
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• 2000

그동안 미국은 세계시장경제질서에 있어서 우위를 점해오면서, 탈규제, 민간자율과 공개경쟁을 강조해 왔으며, 이는 표준화활동에 있어서도 다양하고 통합되지 않은 표준화체계로 이어졌다. 그러나, 1990년대 이후 WTO 무역장벽협정(TBT)의 체결로 국제표준의 위상이 강화되고, 세계정보통신시장에서 선도적 표준화 활동이 국가경쟁력 우위로 이어진다는 인식이 확산되었으며, 특히 EU의 통합과정에서 EU공동체간의 단일화된 기술규격의 제정과 이의 WTO를 통한 제외국에의 강요로부터 미국의 경제상 타격이 계속되자 기존의 민간중심 표준화활동에 정부지원의 필요성을 느끼게 되었다. 따라서 미국은 국내뿐만 아니라, 국제사회에서의 우위를 계속하여 유지하기 위한 하나의 방법으로 표준화활동의 강화 특히 정부의 표준화활동 지원을 통한 국가차원의 접근에 중점을 두게 되었다. 이에 따라 1996년 2개의 법률이 개정되었는데, 그 하나가 연방 전기통신법(Telecommunication Act of 1996)이고, 다른 하나는 NRC(National Research Council)의 1995년 보고서 "Standards, Conformity Assessment, and Trade into the 21 Century"에 따라 개정된 NTTAA(National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act)이다. 본고에서는 미국의 표준화활동의 제도적 기반으로서 이상의 법률 기타 이들의 실행계획을 검토하고 우리나라 정보통신 표준화에 있어서 정부의 적극적 제도적 정비의 필요성을 제언하고자 한다. 제언하고자 한다.