• Journal of Elementary Mathematics Education in Korea
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.531-546
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• 2017

This study explores the basis for determining priority among the four arithmetical operations in order to provide useful pedagogical content knowledge for teaching the order of operations. The study also discusses the perspective for viewing the order of operations. It presents the following five suggestions based on the results of the discussion. First, teachers should be made to realize that the same result can be obtained on calculation even when subtraction and division are performed first in mixed operations of addition and subtraction and mixed operations of multiplication and division. Second, teachers should understand why the rule of calculating sequentially from the left side of an equation has become customary. Third, teachers should be offered an explanation for the driver of the rule setting that multiplication takes precedence over addition in mixed operations of multiplication and addition. Fourth, the significance of the quantity within parenthesis must be emphasized to teachers. Fifth, teachers must gain an in-depth understanding about the order of operations by getting a description of all the customary and conceptual perspectives on the order of operations when describing the same in the teacher's guide.

• School Mathematics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.795-817
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• 2017

Whereas noticing with relation to teacher expertise has been steadily studied in international contexts, there have been very few studies in Korea in this area. Given this, this paper reviewed the meanings of noticing based on Sherin and van Es as well as Jacobs et al. who provided foundational work and then analyzed recent studies on teacher noticing. A review of literature showed that recent international studies on noticing tend to elaborate the theoretical framework of noticing, diversify the methods of research on noticing, and extend to the range of noticing. This paper also included an analysis of domestic studies dealing with noticing either explicitly or implicitly. This paper is expected to serve as a basis to foster conceptual understanding of teacher noticing and to derive follow-up studies in Korea.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.211-220
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• 1999

This study purposed more effective drawing process in practical lecture with students. Researched materials were constitution to a semester of presentation technique curriculum major in industrial design for freshman course. Students exert to entrance examination of university to get a good point in practical test. There did not have creative action in minds. But, design required concept of good idea sketch and creative technique. At study process should make correction a reform to sketch skill by repeat practicing with misunderstand drawing or imitative idea sketch. According to the practical test result & response revised lecture schedule. And then, I had survey to questionnaire paper for feedback by trial result. Besides, I was study to effect use the drawing materials for example, colored pencil, marker pastel. I think important to first use to way understanding materials and basic training. Design education be driven to new creative sketch skill. Design is the creative process to which brings ideas to reality.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.831-840
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• 2009

In order to evaluate the start-up behavior and to identify, through abnormal operation occurrences, the transient behaviors of the Sulfur Iodine(SI) process, which is a nuclear hydrogen process that is coupled to a Very High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (VHTR) through an Intermediate Heat Exchanger (IHX), a dynamic simulation of the process is necessary. Perturbation of the flow rate or temperature in the inlet streams may result in various transient states. An understanding of the dynamic behavior due to these factors is able to support the conceptual design of the secondary helium loop system associated with a hydrogen production plant. Based on the mass and energy balance sheets of an electrodialysis-embedded SI process equivalent to a 200 $MW_{th}$ VHTR and a considerable thermal pathway between the SI process and the VHTR system, a dynamic simulation of the SI process was carried out for a sulfuric acid decomposition process (Second Section) that is composed of a sulfuric acid vaporizer, a sulfuric acid decomposer, and a sulfur trioxide decomposer. The dynamic behaviors of these integrated reactors according to several anticipated scenarios are evaluated and the dominant and mild factors are observed. As for the results of the simulation, all the reactors in the sulfuric acid decomposition process approach a steady state at the same time. Temperature control of the inlet helium is strictly required rather than the flow rate control of the inlet helium to keep the steady state condition in the Second Section. On the other hand, it was revealed that the changes of the inlet helium operation conditions make a great impact on the performances of $SO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$ decomposers, but no effect on the performance of the $H_2SO_4$ vaporizer.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-27
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• 2010

This study intends to provide implications about sluggish use of calculators in our case by analyzing the math textbook of U.S. Macmillan/McGraw-Hill along with the tendency of paying more attention to math class using technologies. From the results of analysis, this textbook deals with various methods over around 3.3% of all pages, using calculators across all grades from 1st to 6th grade. In particular, it offers guidance into three types such as 'Choose a Computation Method', 'You can also use a calculator.', and 'TECHNOLOGY LINK', while particularly it is impressive in the perspective of using calculators as one of calculation strategies. And case studies of usage in textbooks describe 8 different perspectives as an example-represent; solve problems or equations; develope or demonstrate conceptual understanding; analyze; compute or estimate; describe, explain or justify; choose appropriate calculation method; determine a calculated answer's reasonableness. Reflecting on the fact that we still use calculators in a passive way, there are considerable implications to us.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 1998

This study researched the concepts that elementary school students have after having learned volcano and earthquake. The reacher collected and adjusted the journals related to this study, and sampled the concepts included in Chap. One "Moving Earth", the first term of the elementary school sixth year. The students' descriptive responses were analyzed after subjective questions on the basis of above were developed and put into. After the contents described in the answer sheets were categorized by key words and the types of concept were made out by qualitative analysis, it was showed what was differences between the sexual, regional and achievement levels. The results of this study were as follows; first, though the types of concept about volcano and earthquake were found variably, it was showed that wrong preconception was not corrected, especially the exact understanding about terms not attained to, which led to the trouble in conceptual readjustment of students. Second, though the response rate about the types of scientific concept was found high that volcano was made out of explosion and eruption of magma and lava, there were also children who described not the interior factor of globe but the surface factor. Third, according to the results divided into the interior factor of globe and the surface factor and analyzed about earthquake, there were a great number of children who responded as the surface factor though most of the students responded to the interior factor of globe. Fourth, through some types of concept, it was found that the formation of concept was much influenced by experience of children's life, curriculum, and the method of study. Fifth, In the most test question, the scientific concept was found that boys were higher than girls in the distinction of sex, the children of cities than those of town and island, and the upper group than the lower group in the achievement levels.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.40-62
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• 2021

Are intentions important in deciding the outcome of an action such as sharing misinformation among social media users during the pandemic? What is their role and how far they are important for the very act of fake sharing news? The social media users' actions on the social platform are determined by what they plan to do themselves; however, their motivation has an immense role to play in the dissemination of fake news on social media. The study proposes a conceptual model for understanding how select factors affect fake news sharing motivation and intentions of social media users. The study scrutinizes the relationship between content and context, fear of missing out (FoMO), news verification and news sharing gratification on the motivation and intention of social media users of networked Asian society. Empirical Data were drawn from social media users (N = 243) from India, using an online questionnaire based on prior studies and structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data collected. Results indicate that news content, news verification, and news sharing gratification have a direct and positive relationship with sharing motivation. On the other hand, news context and content, FoMO and news sharing gratification have a positive significant relationship with sharing intention. Likewise, it was discovered that news verification will decrease sharing intention of the social media users. However, news context, that is the pandemic in the case of the present study and FoMO were not identified as determinant variables for sharing motivation among social media users. The research limitations and further scope were discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.312-324
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• 2021

Purpose: Tuberculosis is an infectious condition with a high disease burden, and the stigma in patients with tuberculosis causes negative health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to define and clarify the concept of self-stigma among patients with tuberculosis. Methods: The analysis was conducted using Walker and Avant's conceptual approach. Twenty-seven studies met the selection criteria. Results: Self-stigma in patients with tuberculosis can be defined by the following attributes: 1) self-esteem decrement; 2) fear; 3) negative emotions to oneself; 4) social withdrawal; and 5) discrimination. The antecedents identified were 1) inappropriate knowledge of tuberculosis, 2) spread of improper health information through media and social communications, 3) stereotypes and prejudices, 4) visibility due to symptoms appearing, 5) recognizing the risk of infection, and 6) low financial status. The consequences were 1) concealing the disease, 2) treatment delay, 3) poor treatment adherence, 4) poor quality of life, and 5) deterioration in or lack of social activities. Conclusion: The definition and attributes of self-stigma identified by this study can be applied to enhance the understanding of stigma in tuberculosis patients and to improve communications between healthcare providers and researchers. It can also be used to develop theories and measurements related to stigma in patients with tuberculosis.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.129-149
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• 2021

Research on social hierarchy is a growing research topic in the studies of management and organization. Despite the abundance of studies demonstrating the relevance of social hierarchy in teams, little understanding exists for status disagreement among team members, specifically how status disagreement reduces team members' contributions to influence team performance. This conceptual study argues that team status disagreement negatively impacts team performance through reduced team member's knowledge contribution, including reduced team knowledge sharing and increased knowledge hiding. In addition, we propose that team skill differentiation aggravates the negative effect of status disagreement, such that when team skill differentiation is high, teams under high status disagreement are more likely to experience detracted team performance. This research mainly discusses status disagreement and its effect on team knowledge contributions by reviewing previous literature and developing several propositions, suggests theoretical contributions and practical implications, and presents an agenda for future research.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.325-343
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• 2021

This study aims to develop two science education programs using Angbuilgu and ancient astronomical data, are Korean astronomical heritage, and explore its educational possibility through the pilot application. Considering the TSK compositional characteristics of Angbuilgu and ancient astronomical data, linkage with science curriculum, and linkage with NOS, Angbuilgu was developed as a hands-on activity for elementary school students and ancient astronomical data as a science inquiry activity for middle and high school students. The educational availability of the developed program was confirmed by pilot application to elementary and high school groups. Through the Angbuilgu activity, the students refined their conceptual knowledge by correcting misconceptions about the solar motion by season and then confirmed the possibility of connection with the concept of the celestial coordinate system. Students recognized the scientific value of Angbuilgu and understood the nature of interactions STS. In the ancient astronomical data activity, students experienced inductive and deductive inquiry methods and utilized various information and strategies. Through the activities, students improved their scientific understanding and attitude towards TSK.